Waltharius1280 - Revision history

Bjorn Kuhnicke at 07:19, 12 December 2009

2009-12-12T07:19:19Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345

2009-12-12T07:08:58Z

/* The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345

Ryan Richard Overbey at 22:50, 28 August 2009

2009-08-28T22:50:12Z

Ryan Richard Overbey at 21:48, 28 August 2009

2009-08-28T21:48:06Z

Ryan Richard Overbey at 21:47, 28 August 2009

2009-08-28T21:47:02Z

Ryan Richard Overbey at 21:46, 28 August 2009

2009-08-28T21:46:40Z

Ryan Richard Overbey at 21:46, 28 August 2009

2009-08-28T21:46:07Z

Ryan Richard Overbey at 02:11, 27 August 2009

2009-08-27T02:11:38Z

Ryan Richard Overbey at 01:20, 27 August 2009

2009-08-27T01:20:10Z

Show changes

Ryan Richard Overbey at 01:18, 27 August 2009

2009-08-27T01:18:39Z

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 </gallery>}}
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-|{{Comment| '''ursus''' Zwierlein suggests a parallel with Aen 10,707-18. In both cases an animal that is hunted by dogs serves as a comparison for a human hero. Vergil’s boar (aper) is turned into a numid bear (numidus ursus). (Zwierlein 2004 p538-9) Yet, there is little to none literal resemblance. Parallel to a Viennese dream codex of the 10th century (Vindob. Lat. 2723, fol. 130r) “Qui ursum se infestare vidit, inimici seditionem significat.” (If one has seen an attacking bear [in a dream], a battle with an enemy is signified.) Depending on the dating of the epic, the lunar might be either a source or reception. However, Zwierlein lists earlier examples of allegorical bible exegesis, where the bear figures as the devil’s ‘bestia rapacissima’, as savage military leader or as ‘potetstas saecularis’.” In Germanic dream tradition, enemies show as wolfs, while the hero figures as a bear. (Zwierlein 2004 pp542-3) Althof, in contrast, argues that the animal dream figures are driven by a Germanic dream tradition. Dreams in Vergil and other classic authors usually dream of human beings. Althof lists multiple examples of Germanic animal dreams (Althof 1905 vol2 pp190-1) Zwierlein lists counterexamples of animal allegories in classic sources, but is not able to create a direct link to the poem (Zwierlein 2004 p540) '''Numidus ... ursus''' 'ursos ... Numidas' appear in Juvenal 4.99-100. Geographic attributes such as African lions or Armenian tigers became popular for pure poetic purposes since the neoteric period. (Zwierlein 543, FN 119) Zwierlein claims that the Waltharius takes the ‘ursus numidus’ from a wide-spread medieval schoolbook Solin’s [[Collectanea rerum memorabilium]]. (Zwierlein 2004 p543)}}
+|{{Comment| '''ursus''' Zwierlein suggests a parallel with Aen 10,707-18. In both cases an animal that is hunted by dogs serves as a comparison for a human hero. Vergil’s boar (aper) is turned into a numid bear (numidus ursus). (Zwierlein 2004 p538-9) Yet, there is little to none literal resemblance. Parallel to a Viennese dream codex of the 10th century (Vindob. Lat. 2723, fol. 130r) “Qui ursum se infestare vidit, inimici seditionem significat.” (If one has seen an attacking bear [in a dream], a battle with an enemy is signified.) Depending on the dating of the epic, the lunar might be either a source or reception. However, Zwierlein lists earlier examples of allegorical bible exegesis, where the bear figures as the devil’s ‘bestia rapacissima’, as savage military leader or as ‘potetstas saecularis’.” In Germanic dream tradition, enemies show as wolfs, while the hero figures as a bear. (Zwierlein 2004 pp542-3) Althof, in contrast, argues that the animal dream figures are driven by a Germanic dream tradition. Dreams in Vergil and other classic authors usually dream of human beings. Althof lists multiple examples of Germanic animal dreams (Althof 1905 vol2 pp190-1) Zwierlein lists counterexamples of animal allegories in classic sources, but is not able to create a direct link to the poem (Zwierlein 2004 p540) '''Numidus ... ursus''' 'ursos ... Numidas' appear in Juvenal 4.99-100. Geographic attributes such as African lions or Armenian tigers became popular for pure poetic purposes since the neoteric period. (Zwierlein 543, FN 119) Zwierlein claims that the Waltharius takes the ‘ursus numidus’ from a wide-spread medieval schoolbook Solin’s [[Collectanea rerum memorabilium]]. (Zwierlein 2004 p543) BK}}
 |-
 |[[Et]] [[canibus1|canibus]] [[circumdatus]] [[astat]] [[et]] [[artubus]] [[horret]]

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 </gallery>}}
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+|{{Comment| '''ursus''' Zwierlein suggests a parallel with Aen 10,707-18. In both cases an animal that is hunted by dogs serves as a comparison for a human hero. Vergil’s boar (aper) is turned into a numid bear (numidus ursus). (Zwierlein 2004 p538-9) Yet, there is little to none literal resemblance. Parallel to a Viennese dream codex of the 10th century (Vindob. Lat. 2723, fol. 130r) “Qui ursum se infestare vidit, inimici seditionem significat.” (If one has seen an attacking bear [in a dream], a battle with an enemy is signified.) Depending on the dating of the epic, the lunar might be either a source or reception. However, Zwierlein lists earlier examples of allegorical bible exegesis, where the bear figures as the devil’s ‘bestia rapacissima’, as savage military leader or as ‘potetstas saecularis’.” In Germanic dream tradition, enemies show as wolfs, while the hero figures as a bear. (Zwierlein 2004 pp542-3) Althof, in contrast, argues that the animal dream figures are driven by a Germanic dream tradition. Dreams in Vergil and other classic authors usually dream of human beings. Althof lists multiple examples of Germanic animal dreams (Althof 1905 vol2 pp190-1) Zwierlein lists counterexamples of animal allegories in classic sources, but is not able to create a direct link to the poem (Zwierlein 2004 p540) '''Numidus ... ursus''' 'ursos ... Numidas' appear in Juvenal 4.99-100. Geographic attributes such as African lions or Armenian tigers became popular for pure poetic purposes since the neoteric period. (Zwierlein 543, FN 119) Zwierlein claims that the Waltharius takes the ‘ursus numidus’ from a wide-spread medieval schoolbook Solin’s [[Collectanea rerum memorabilium]]. (Zwierlein 2004 p543)}}
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 |[[Et]] [[canibus1|canibus]] [[circumdatus]] [[astat]] [[et]] [[artubus]] [[horret]]

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 |[[Waltharius1237|« previous]]
 |{{Outline|
-* Prologue
+* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
-* Introduction: the Huns (1–12)
+* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
 * The Huns (13–418)
-** The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)
+** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
-** The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)
+** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
-** The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)
+** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
-** Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)
+** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
-** Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)
+** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
-** Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)
+** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
-** Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)
+** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
-** Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)
+** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
 ** The Escape (215–418)
-*** Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)
+*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
-*** Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)
+*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
-*** Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)
+*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
-*** Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)
+*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
-*** The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)
+*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
-*** Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)
+*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
 * The Single Combats (419–1061)
 ** Diplomacy (419–639)
-*** Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)
+*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
-*** Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)
+*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
-*** Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)
+*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
-*** Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)
+*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
-*** Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)
+*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
-*** Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)
+*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
-*** Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)
+*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
-*** Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)
+*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
 ** Combat (640–1061)
-*** 1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)
+*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
-*** 2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)
+*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
-*** Gunther encourages his men (720–724)
+*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
-*** 3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)
+*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
-*** 4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)
+*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
-*** 5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)
+*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
-*** Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)
+*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
-*** 6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)
+*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
-*** 7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)
+*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
-*** Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)
+*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
-*** 8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)
+*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
-*** Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)
+*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
 * The Final Combat (1062–1452)
-** Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)
+** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
-** Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)
+** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
-** Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)
+** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
-** The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)
+** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
-** Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)
+** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
-** Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)
+** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
 ** '''The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)'''
-** Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)
+** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
-** Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)
+** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
-** Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)
+** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
-** The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)
+** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
-* Epilogue (1453–1456)}}
+* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
+|
 |[[Waltharius1346|next »]]

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-|{{Pictures|[[Image:Waltharius-Lines-1285-on.png|thumb]]}}
+|{{Pictures|[[Image:Waltharius-Lines-1285-on.png|center|thumb]]}}
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 {|
 |-
-|[[dixit1|Dixit]] [[et]] [[a]] [[tergo]] s[[a]]ltu [[se5|se]] [[iecit]] [[equino]],
+|[[dixit1|Dixit]] [[et]] [[a]] [[tergo]] [[saltu]] [[se5|se]] [[iecit]] [[equino]],
 |1280
 |{{Commentary|Translate:'' Hoc et Guntharius fecit, nec segnior hoc fecit heros''

@@ Line 171: / Line 171: @@
 |{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 7.146-147.: ''omine magno/ crateras laeti statuunt.'' ‘Cheered by the mighty omen, they set on the bowls.’
 }}
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 |{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 2.227: ''clipeique sub orbe teguntur.'' ‘They nestle under the circle of her shield.’
 }}
-|{{PicturesCont}}
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 |{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=Aquitanum invadere}}
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 |{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.714: ''haud aliter. . . '' ‘Just so. . .’
 }}
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 |{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 7.588: ''multis circum latrantibus undis. . . '' ‘Amid many howling waves. . .’
 }}
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 |-
-|[[Cussa]] [[et]] [[collem]] [[vehementer]] [[sauciat]] [[usque]]
+|[[est_excussa|Excussa]] [[et]] [[collem]] [[vehementer]] [[sauciat]] [[usque]]
+|
+|