Waltharius142 - Revision history

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169) */

2009-12-15T20:10:22Z

‎Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)

Jan Ziolkowski at 02:33, 15 December 2009

2009-12-15T02:33:26Z

Michelle De Groot: /* Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169) */

2009-12-15T01:52:21Z

‎Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169) */

2009-12-12T02:18:02Z

‎Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169) */

2009-12-12T01:48:44Z

‎Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169) */

2009-12-12T01:40:42Z

‎Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169) */

2009-12-11T21:19:17Z

‎Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169) */

2009-12-11T21:18:20Z

‎Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169) */

2009-12-11T21:17:54Z

‎Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169) */

2009-12-11T21:17:27Z

‎Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)

@@ Line 211: / Line 211: @@
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 |{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|It is strange that Walther refers to Attila as "pater" here.  However, Attila may mean "little father" in Old Turkic, which was possibly the language of the Huns.  This etymology might explain this strange remark.  For a full discussion of Attila's name, see Otto Maenchen-Helfen, The World of the Huns: Studies in their history and culture (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973), chapter 4.  The phrase "pater optime" also appears in Aeneid 1.555, where it seems to refer to Jupiter, [and 3.710, where Aeneas uses it in reference to Anchises JZ]. [AE]}}
+|{{Comment|It is strange that Walther refers to Attila as "pater" here.  However, Attila may mean "little father" in Old Turkic, which was possibly the language of the Huns.  This etymology might explain this strange remark.  For a full discussion of Attila's name, see Otto Maenchen-Helfen, The World of the Huns: Studies in their history and culture (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973), chapter 4.  The phrase "pater optime" also appears in Aeneid 1.555, where it seems to refer to Jupiter, and in 3.710, where Aeneas uses it in reference to Anchises. [AE]}}
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 |[[Atque]] [[per]] [[invictam]] [[nunc]] [[gentem]] [[Pannoniarum]]

@@ Line 55: / Line 55: @@
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|"Causa" is used here in a sense which arose in Later Latin, meaning "thing" as in French "chose" and Italian "cosa."  Du Cange’s Glossarium mediae et infimae latinitatis cites this meaning of "causa" in the laws of the Lombards and in the laws of Charlemagne. [AE]}}
+|{{Comment|"Causa" is used here in a sense, meaning "thing," which arose in Later Latin and which survives to this day in the Romance languages, as in French "chose" and Italian "cosa."  Du Cange’s Glossarium mediae et infimae latinitatis cites this meaning of "causa" in the laws of the Lombards and in the laws of Charlemagne. [AE]}}
 |-
 |[[Intuitu]] [[fertis]], [[numquam]] [[meruisse]] [[valerem]].
@@ Line 148: / Line 148: @@
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|This is a particularly acute manifestation of the Germanic warrior ethos – love for the lord above all else.  However, since the audience knows Walther is promised to Hildegund, and we will soon see them plotting together against Attila, it has the ring of irony. [AE]
+|{{Comment|This line manifests with particular acuteness one aspect of the Germanic warrior ethos, namely, love for the lord above all else.  However, since the audience knows Walther is promised to Hildegund, and we will soon see the two plot together against Attila, it has the ring of irony. [AE]
 Hagan will later honor his love for his lord above his personal loyalties, and one interpretation of the poem's end is that he is punished for his desertion of Walther. Walther's defection here is thus preferable to abandoning Hildegund. Alternatively, Walther too might be punished for the breach of loyalty to his lord with the loss of his hand, just as Hagan is punished for his breach of loyalty to a friend with the loss of his eye. [MCD]}}
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@@ Line 158: / Line 158: @@
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|The language here echoes Aeneid 4.16, which reads, “ne cui me vinclo vellem sociare iugali….”  Dido says this to her sister Anna, talking about how she might fall for Aeneas if only she had not decided to avoid “nuptial chains.”  Dido goes on to fall for Aeneas, just as Walther, despite what he says, will go on to marry Hildegund.  The other parallel, which will return later in the poem, is between Attila and Dido, who are the ones the hero leaves behind. [AE]}}
+|{{Comment|The language here echoes Aeneid 4.16, which reads, “ne cui me vinclo vellem sociare iugali….”  Dido uses these words when talking to her sister Anna about how she might be susceptible to Aeneas, if only she had not decided to avoid “nuptial chains.”  Dido goes on to fall for Aeneas, just as Walther, despite what he says, will go on to marry Hildegund.  The other parallel, which will return later in the poem, is between Attila and Dido, who are the ones the hero leaves behind. [AE]}}
 |-
 |[[me1|Me]] [[vinclo]] [[permitte]] [[me1|me]]am [[iam]] [[ducere]] [[vitam]].
@@ Line 164: / Line 164: @@
+|
 |{{Parallel|''Liber Malachim IV ''5.2: ''Quae erat in obsequio uxoris Naaman.'' ‘She waited upon Naaman’s wife.’ ''Aeneid 4.16:'' ''ne cui me vinclo vellem sociare iugali. . .'' ‘To ally myself with none in bond of wedlock. . .’
-<br />''Aeineid'' 3.315: ''vitamque extrema per omnia duco''. ‘I drag on my life through all extremes.’
+<br />''Aeneid'' 3.315: ''vitamque extrema per omnia duco''. ‘I drag on my life through all extremes.’
 }}
+|
@@ Line 173: / Line 173: @@
+|
+|
-|{{Parallel|''Secundum Marcum'' 13.35: ''sero an media nocte''. . . ‘At evening or at midnight. . .’'' Aeineid'' 8.407: ''medio noctis.'' . . ‘In the middle of the night. . .’
+|{{Parallel|''Secundum Marcum'' 13.35: ''sero an media nocte''. . . ‘At evening or at midnight. . .’'' Aeneid'' 8.407: ''medio noctis.'' . . ‘In the middle of the night. . .’
 }}
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=sero aut}}
-|{{Comment|The phrase "sero aut medio noctis" also appears in the Gospel of Mark, when Christ tells the parable of the faithful servant, who keeps watch because he does not know at what hour his lord will return.  This parable is a metaphor for the return of Christ.  In using this language, the Waltharius poet reminds his readers that Walther is a Christian, just as he does in lines [[Waltharius215|225]], when Walther blesses the goblet, and in [[Waltharius1130|1161]], when Walther prays to his Creator. [AE]}}
+|{{Comment|The phrase "sero aut medio noctis" also appears in the Gospel of Mark 13.35, when Christ tells the parable of the faithful servant, who keeps watch because he does not know at what hour his lord will return.  This parable is a metaphor for the return of Christ.  In using this language, the Waltharius poet reminds his readers that Walther is a Christian, just as he does in lines [[Waltharius215|225]], when Walther blesses the goblet, and in [[Waltharius1130|1161]], when Walther prays to his Creator. [AE]}}
 |-
 |[[Ad]] [[quaecumque]] [[iubes]], [[securus]] [[et]] [[ibo]] [[paratus]].
@@ Line 207: / Line 207: @@
 |{{Commentary|''Testor'': here construed like ''precor'' with a purpose clause, joining an oath to an earnest request.
 }}
-|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 3.599-600.: ''per sidera testor,/ per superos atque hoc caeli spirabile lumen,/ tollite me. '' ‘By the stars I beseech you, by the gods above and this lightsome air we breathe, take me.’ 1.555: ''pater optime. . . '' ‘Noble father. . .’
+|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 3.599-600.: ''per sidera testor,/ per superos atque hoc caeli spirabile lumen,/ tollite me. '' ‘By the stars I beseech you, by the gods above and this lightsome air we breathe, take me.’ 1.555: ''pater optime. . . '' ‘Noble father. . .’
 }}
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|It is strange that Walther refers to Attila as "pater" here.  However, Attila may mean "little father" in Old Turkic, which was possibly the language of the Huns.  That might explain this strange remark.  For a full discussion of Attila's name, see Otto Maenchen-Helfen, The World of the Huns: Studies in their history and culture (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973), chapter 4.  The phrase "pater optime" also appears in Aeneid 1.555, where it seems to refer to Jupiter. [AE]}}
+|{{Comment|It is strange that Walther refers to Attila as "pater" here.  However, Attila may mean "little father" in Old Turkic, which was possibly the language of the Huns.  This etymology might explain this strange remark.  For a full discussion of Attila's name, see Otto Maenchen-Helfen, The World of the Huns: Studies in their history and culture (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973), chapter 4.  The phrase "pater optime" also appears in Aeneid 1.555, where it seems to refer to Jupiter, [and 3.710, where Aeneas uses it in reference to Anchises JZ]. [AE]}}
 |-
 |[[Atque]] [[per]] [[invictam]] [[nunc]] [[gentem]] [[Pannoniarum]]

@@ Line 148: / Line 148: @@
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|This is a particularly acute manifestation of the Germanic warrior ethos – love for the lord above all else.  However, since the audience knows Walther is promised to Hildegund, and we will soon see them plotting together against Attila, it has the ring of irony. [AE]}}
+|{{Comment|This is a particularly acute manifestation of the Germanic warrior ethos – love for the lord above all else.  However, since the audience knows Walther is promised to Hildegund, and we will soon see them plotting together against Attila, it has the ring of irony. [AE]
 |-
 |[[Obsequio]] [[domini]]; [[quare]] [[precor1|precor]] [[absque]] [[iugali]]

@@ Line 210: / Line 210: @@
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|It is strange that Walther refers to Attila as pater here.  However, Attila may mean "little father" in Old Turkic, which was possibly the language of the Huns.  For a full discussion of Attila's name, see Otto Maenchen-Helfen, The World of the Huns: Studies in their history and culture (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973), chapter 4.  The phrase pater optime also appears in Aeneid 1.555, where it seems to refer to Jupiter. [AE]}}
+|{{Comment|It is strange that Walther refers to Attila as "pater" here.  However, Attila may mean "little father" in Old Turkic, which was possibly the language of the Huns.  That might explain this strange remark.  For a full discussion of Attila's name, see Otto Maenchen-Helfen, The World of the Huns: Studies in their history and culture (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973), chapter 4.  The phrase "pater optime" also appears in Aeneid 1.555, where it seems to refer to Jupiter. [AE]}}
 |-
 |[[Atque]] [[per]] [[invictam]] [[nunc]] [[gentem]] [[Pannoniarum]]

@@ Line 148: / Line 148: @@
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|This is a particularly acute manifestation of the Germanic warrior ethos – love for the lord above all else.  However, since the audience knows Walther is promised to Hildegund, and we will soon see them plotting together against Attila, it has the ring of irony. -AE}}
+|{{Comment|This is a particularly acute manifestation of the Germanic warrior ethos – love for the lord above all else.  However, since the audience knows Walther is promised to Hildegund, and we will soon see them plotting together against Attila, it has the ring of irony. [AE]}}
 |-
 |[[Obsequio]] [[domini]]; [[quare]] [[precor1|precor]] [[absque]] [[iugali]]
@@ Line 157: / Line 157: @@
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|The language here echoes Aeneid 4.16, which reads, “ne cui me vinclo vellem sociare iugali….”  Dido says this to her sister Anna, talking about how she might fall for Aeneas if only she had not decided to avoid “nuptial chains.”  Dido goes on to fall for Aeneas, just as Walther, despite what he says, will go on to marry Hildegund.  The other parallel, which will return later in the poem, is between Attila and Dido, who are the ones the hero leaves behind. -AE}}
+|{{Comment|The language here echoes Aeneid 4.16, which reads, “ne cui me vinclo vellem sociare iugali….”  Dido says this to her sister Anna, talking about how she might fall for Aeneas if only she had not decided to avoid “nuptial chains.”  Dido goes on to fall for Aeneas, just as Walther, despite what he says, will go on to marry Hildegund.  The other parallel, which will return later in the poem, is between Attila and Dido, who are the ones the hero leaves behind. [AE]}}
 |-
 |[[me1|Me]] [[vinclo]] [[permitte]] [[me1|me]]am [[iam]] [[ducere]] [[vitam]].
@@ Line 176: / Line 176: @@
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=sero aut}}
-|{{Comment|The phrase "sero aut medio noctis" also appears in the Gospel of Mark, when Christ tells the parable of the faithful servant, who keeps watch because he does not know at what hour his lord will return.  This parable is a metaphor for the return of Christ.  In using this language, the Waltharius poet reminds his readers that Walther is a Christian, just as he does in lines [[Waltharius215|225]], when Walther blesses the goblet, and in [[Waltharius1130|1161]], when Walther prays to his Creator. -AE}}
+|{{Comment|The phrase "sero aut medio noctis" also appears in the Gospel of Mark, when Christ tells the parable of the faithful servant, who keeps watch because he does not know at what hour his lord will return.  This parable is a metaphor for the return of Christ.  In using this language, the Waltharius poet reminds his readers that Walther is a Christian, just as he does in lines [[Waltharius215|225]], when Walther blesses the goblet, and in [[Waltharius1130|1161]], when Walther prays to his Creator. [AE]}}
 |-
 |[[Ad]] [[quaecumque]] [[iubes]], [[securus]] [[et]] [[ibo]] [[paratus]].
@@ Line 210: / Line 210: @@
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|It is strange that Walther refers to Attila as pater here.  However, Attila may mean "little father" in Old Turkic, which was possibly the language of the Huns.  For a full discussion of Attila's name, see Otto Maenchen-Helfen, The World of the Huns: Studies in their history and culture (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973), chapter 4.  The phrase pater optime also appears in Aeneid 1.555, where it seems to refer to Jupiter. -AE}}
+|{{Comment|It is strange that Walther refers to Attila as pater here.  However, Attila may mean "little father" in Old Turkic, which was possibly the language of the Huns.  For a full discussion of Attila's name, see Otto Maenchen-Helfen, The World of the Huns: Studies in their history and culture (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973), chapter 4.  The phrase pater optime also appears in Aeneid 1.555, where it seems to refer to Jupiter. [AE]}}
 |-
 |[[Atque]] [[per]] [[invictam]] [[nunc]] [[gentem]] [[Pannoniarum]]