Waltharius170 - Revision history

Jan Ziolkowski at 02:49, 15 December 2009

2009-12-15T02:49:36Z

Jan Ziolkowski at 02:42, 15 December 2009

2009-12-15T02:42:11Z

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214) */

2009-12-12T02:07:36Z

‎Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214) */

2009-12-12T01:52:51Z

‎Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214) */

2009-12-12T01:11:32Z

‎Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214) */

2009-12-12T00:36:41Z

‎Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214) */

2009-12-12T00:31:10Z

‎Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214) */

2009-12-12T00:15:56Z

‎Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214) */

2009-12-08T17:09:56Z

‎Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)

Ana Enriquez: /* Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214) */

2009-12-08T17:08:49Z

‎Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)

@@ Line 54: / Line 54: @@
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 |{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
-|{{Comment|The language here recalls passages from Genesis ("confortate cor vestrum," 18:5) and II Kings ("conforta bellatores," 11.25). In the Genesis passage, Abraham is speaking to visiting angels.  The passage from II Kings is King David sending a message to his nephew Joab after the death of Uriah the Hittite. [AE]}}
+|{{Comment|The language here recalls passages from Genesis ("confortate cor vestrum," 18:5) and II Kings ("conforta bellatores," 11.25). In the Genesis passage, Abraham is speaking to visiting angels.  In the passage from II Kings King David is sending a message to his nephew Joab after the death of Uriah the Hittite. [AE]}}
 |-
 |[[Hortans]] [[praeteritos]] [[semper]] [[memorare]] [[triumphos]]
@@ Line 86: / Line 86: @@
+|
 |{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 11.597-598.: ''At manus interea muris Troiana propinquat,/ Etruscique duces equitumque exercitus omnis/ compositi numero in turmas''. ‘But meanwhile the Trojan band draws near the walls, with the Etruscan chiefs and all their mounted array, marshalled by number into squadrons.’
-<br />''Liber Iosue'' 8.3: ''surrexit Iosue et omnis exercitus bellatorum cum eo''. ‘And Josue arose, and all the army of the fighting men with him.’  ''Aeineid'' 2.415: ''exercitus omnis. . .'' ‘The whole host. . .’
+<br />''Liber Iosue'' 8.3: ''surrexit Iosue et omnis exercitus bellatorum cum eo''. ‘And Josue arose, and all the army of the fighting men with him.’  ''Aeneid'' 2.415: ''exercitus omnis. . .'' ‘The whole host. . .’
 }}
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@@ Line 101: / Line 101: @@
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 |{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|Abram Ring suggests that the frequent use of “ecce” and “en,” which would be unusual in Classical Latin, may be the influence of Prudentius.  Alternately, he writes, it might translate an interjection from the Germanic tradition, similar to the Anglo-Saxon “hwæt.” [AE]
+|{{Comment|Abram Ring suggests that the frequent use of “ecce” and “en,” which would be unusual in Classical Latin, may betray the influence of Prudentius.  Alternatively, he writes, it might translate an interjection from the Germanic tradition, similar to the Anglo-Saxon “hwæt.” [AE]
 The battle here is reminiscent of the battles in the Aeneid (like that at 11.597), but some features distinguish it as medieval.  For instance, they fight on horseback, which is a Carolingian innovation. [AE]}}
 |-
@@ Line 182: / Line 182: @@
 |{{PicturesCont}}
 |{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|The metaphor here suggests that both the poet and his expected audience were familiar with snow.  Indeed, it suggests that they had experienced snowstorms, not simply seen snow on faraway mountaintops.  In contrast, the only appearance of snow in the Aeneid is in line 4.238.  Mercury is flying to Carthage, and on the way there he sees Atlas, whose shoulders are snow-covered. [AE]}}
+|{{Comment|The metaphor here assumes that both the poet and his expected audience were familiar with snow.  Indeed, it suggests that they had not simply seen snow on faraway mountaintops but actually experienced snowstorms.  In contrast, snow appears in the Aeneid only in line 4.238.  Mercury is flying to Carthage, and on the way there he sees Atlas, whose shoulders are snow-covered. [AE]}}
 |-
 |[[Spargitur]], [[haud]] [[aliter]] [[saevas]] [[iecere]] [[sagittas]].

@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
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+|
+|{{Parallel|''Aeneid 3.248'': "bellumne inferre paratis"
 |{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
 |{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=confestim inferre|hiatus=bellum Hunis}}
@@ Line 30: / Line 31: @@
 |[[Tunc]] [[ad]] [[Waltharium]] [[convertitur]] [[actio]] [[rerum]].
+|
-|{{Commentary|''Action rerum'': “the leadership of the expedition”
+|{{Commentary|''Actio rerum'': “the leadership of the expedition”
 }}
+|

@@ Line 100: / Line 100: @@
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|Abram Ring suggests that the frequent use of “ecce” and “en,” which would be unusual in Classical Latin, may be borrowing from Prudentius.  Alternately, he writes, it might translate an interjection from the Germanic tradition, similar to the Anglo-Saxon “hwæt.” [AE]
+|{{Comment|Abram Ring suggests that the frequent use of “ecce” and “en,” which would be unusual in Classical Latin, may be the influence of Prudentius.  Alternately, he writes, it might translate an interjection from the Germanic tradition, similar to the Anglo-Saxon “hwæt.” [AE]
 The battle here is reminiscent of the battles in the Aeneid (like that at 11.597), but some features distinguish it as medieval.  For instance, they fight on horseback, which is a Carolingian innovation. [AE]}}
 |-

@@ Line 53: / Line 53: @@
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
-|{{Comment|The language here recalls passages from Genesis ("confortate cor vestrum," 18:5) and II Kings ("conforta bellatores," 11.25). In the Genesis passage, Abraham is speaking to visiting angels.  The passage from II Kings is King David sending a message to his nephew Joab after the death of Uriah the Hittite. -AE}}
+|{{Comment|The language here recalls passages from Genesis ("confortate cor vestrum," 18:5) and II Kings ("conforta bellatores," 11.25). In the Genesis passage, Abraham is speaking to visiting angels.  The passage from II Kings is King David sending a message to his nephew Joab after the death of Uriah the Hittite. [AE]}}
 |-
 |[[Hortans]] [[praeteritos]] [[semper]] [[memorare]] [[triumphos]]
@@ Line 100: / Line 100: @@
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|Abram Ring suggests that the frequent use of “ecce” and “en,” which would be unusual in Classical Latin, may be borrowing from Prudentius.  Alternately, he writes, it might translate an interjection from the Germanic tradition, similar to the Anglo-Saxon “hwæt.” -AE
+|{{Comment|Abram Ring suggests that the frequent use of “ecce” and “en,” which would be unusual in Classical Latin, may be borrowing from Prudentius.  Alternately, he writes, it might translate an interjection from the Germanic tradition, similar to the Anglo-Saxon “hwæt.” [AE]
-The battle here is reminiscent of the battles in the Aeneid (like that at 11.597), but some features distinguish it as medieval.  For instance, they fight on horseback, which is a Carolingian innovation. -AE}}
+The battle here is reminiscent of the battles in the Aeneid (like that at 11.597), but some features distinguish it as medieval.  For instance, they fight on horseback, which is a Carolingian innovation. [AE]}}
 |-
 |[[Per]] [[latos]] [[aciem]] [[campos]] [[digessit]] [[et]] [[agros]].
@@ Line 181: / Line 181: @@
 |{{PicturesCont}}
 |{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|The metaphor here suggests that both the poet and his expected audience were familiar with snow.  Indeed, it suggests that they had experienced snowstorms, not simply seen snow on faraway mountaintops.  In contrast, the only appearance of snow in the Aeneid is in line 4.238.  Mercury is flying to Carthage, and on the way there he sees Atlas, whose shoulders are snow-covered. -AE}}
+|{{Comment|The metaphor here suggests that both the poet and his expected audience were familiar with snow.  Indeed, it suggests that they had experienced snowstorms, not simply seen snow on faraway mountaintops.  In contrast, the only appearance of snow in the Aeneid is in line 4.238.  Mercury is flying to Carthage, and on the way there he sees Atlas, whose shoulders are snow-covered. [AE]}}
 |-
 |[[Spargitur]], [[haud]] [[aliter]] [[saevas]] [[iecere]] [[sagittas]].
@@ Line 397: / Line 397: @@
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|The laurels mentioned here are likely a Classical reference, rather than a literal reward.  The bay laurel, from which laurel wreaths are typically made, is a Mediterranean plant, and it would have a hard time surviving in most of modern-day Germany.  Even then, the plant (or its leaves) would have had to be imported.  Since it is unlikely that the laurels would have been practical, this is likely just another example of the Waltharius poet drawing on Classical tropes. -AE}}
+|{{Comment|The laurels mentioned here are likely meant to be taken as a Classical reference, rather than as a literal description of the homecoming.  The bay laurel, from which laurel wreaths are typically made, is a Mediterranean plant, and it would have a hard time surviving in northern Europe.  Even then, the plant would have had to be imported, because it is not native.  It is more likely that the poet refers to laurels but means a more cold-hearty plant. [AE]}}
 |-
 |[[post1|Post]] [[hunc2|hunc]] [[signiferi]], [[sequitur]] [[quos]] [[cetera]] [[pubes]].

@@ Line 100: / Line 100: @@
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|The battle here is reminiscent of the battles in the Aeneid (like that at 11.597), but some features distinguish it as medieval.  For instance, they fight on horseback, which is a Carolingian innovation. -AE}}
+|{{Comment|Abram Ring suggests that the frequent use of “ecce” and “en,” which would be unusual in Classical Latin, may be borrowing from Prudentius.  Alternately, he writes, it might translate an interjection from the Germanic tradition, similar to the Anglo-Saxon “hwæt.” -AE
 |-
 |[[Per]] [[latos]] [[aciem]] [[campos]] [[digessit]] [[et]] [[agros]].

@@ Line 428: / Line 428: @@
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
-|{{Comment|In his Germania, Tacitus wrote that Germanic towns and dwellings were famously spread out (Chapter 16).  Of course, Walther and these soldiers supposedly live three centuries later, and the soldiers are Huns, not Germans, but the way the men scatter here seems reminiscent of that passage.  If so, this is an example of the poet giving characteristically German traits to Attila and his people. -AE}}
 |-
 |}

@@ Line 392: / Line 392: @@
 }}
 |{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 5.71-72.: '' ‘. . .cingite tempora ramis.’/ Sic fatus velat materna tempora myrto./ hoc Helymus facit, hoc aevi maturus Acestes/ hoc puer Ascanius, sequitur quos cetera pubes. '' ‘ “. . .Weathe your brows with leaves.” So speaking, he crowns his brows with his mother’s myrtle. Thus does Helymus, thus Acestes, ripe of years, thus the boy Ascanius, the rest of the youth following.’ 7.614: ''sequitur tum cetera pubes''. ‘Then the rest of the warriors take up the cry.’ 4.459: ''velleribus niveis et festa fronde revinctum. . .'' ‘Wreathing it with snowy fleeces and festal foliage. . .’
-<br />''Aeineid'' 5.539: ''cingit viridanti tempora lauro.'' ‘He binds his brows with green laurel.’ Virgil, ''Eclogue'' 8.12-13.: ''hanc sine tempora circum/ inter victricis hederam tibi serpere lauros.'' ‘Grant that, amid the conqueror’s laurels, this ivy may creep about your brows.’
+<br />''Aeneid'' 5.539: ''cingit viridanti tempora lauro.'' ‘He binds his brows with green laurel.’ Virgil, ''Eclogue'' 8.12-13.: ''hanc sine tempora circum/ inter victricis hederam tibi serpere lauros.'' ‘Grant that, amid the conqueror’s laurels, this ivy may creep about your brows.’
 }}
+|
 |{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
+|{{Comment|The laurels mentioned here are likely a Classical reference, rather than a literal reward.  The bay laurel, from which laurel wreaths are typically made, is a Mediterranean plant, and it would have a hard time surviving in most of modern-day Germany.  Even then, the plant (or its leaves) would have had to be imported.  Since it is unlikely that the laurels would have been practical, this is likely just another example of the Waltharius poet drawing on Classical tropes. -AE}}
 |-
 |[[post1|Post]] [[hunc2|hunc]] [[signiferi]], [[sequitur]] [[quos]] [[cetera]] [[pubes]].