Waltharius - User contributions [en]

Waltharius1

2009-12-14T19:43:12Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke:

===Introduction: the Huns (1–12)===
{|
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|[[Tertia]] [[pars]] [[orbis1|orbis]], [[fratres]], [[Europa]] [[vocatur]],
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|{{Commentary|''Tertia pars orbis'': as opposed to Africa and Asia, a division found as early as Herodotus (2.16). ''Fratres'': suggests that the poem could have been read in a monastic context.
}}
|{{Parallel|Lucan, '' De Bello Civili'' 9.411-412.: ''Tertia pars rerum Libye, si credere famae/ Cuncta velis; at, si ventos caelumque sequaris,/ Pars erit Europae''. ‘Libya is the third continent of the world, if one is willing in all things to trust report; but, if you judge by the winds and the sky, you will find it to be part of Europe.’
}}
|{{Pictures|[[image:Waltharius-Line-1.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
| {{Comment|The opening line of the poem refers to the ancient notion "that the whole earth consists of three divisions, Europe, Asia, and Libya" (Herodotus, 2.16). Not only does it set the general stage of action for the poem (which is Europe) but it is also reminiscent of the opening to Caesar's "De Bello Gallico", "Gallia est omnes divisa in patres tres" (All of Gaul is divided into three parts). The author did not know Greek, however, and most likely was not familiar with Caesar's work. Isidore of Seville's Etymologies XIV.2 was probably more influential, "Divisus est autem trifarie: e quibus una pars Asia, altera Europa, tertia Africa nuncupatur" (It is divided into three parts, one of which is called Asia, the second part Europe, the third Africa). "Fratres": not only does the address "brothers" suggest the possibility of the poem's intended monastic audience, it is also one of the few times in the poem the reader is addressed directly. There is the possibility as well that "fratres" could be taken in the sense of universal brotherhood and would hence include women.

'''Edoardo D'Angelo (1991, p. 166-167) sees here the influence of Lucan, and quotes 9.411-417 from the Bellum Civile: "tertia pars rerum Libye, si credere famae / cuncta uelis; at, si uentos caelumque sequaris, / pars erit Europae. nec enim plus litora Nili / quam Scythicus Tanais primis a Gadibus absunt, / unde Europa fugit Libyen et litora flexu / Oceano fecere locum; sed maior in unam / orbis abit Asiam." JJTY''' '''For the wording of the first half line, the likeliest source of inspiration would be Ovid, Metamorphoses 6.372 "agitur pars tertia mundi" (noted recently by Ruben Florio [2002, p. 3]) JZ I recall that a few lines later on Ovid mentions various peoples that are distinguished in language, religion and cultus - this might offer some commentary material on Line 2-3 of Walth - yet I was not able to look at this again and just recall it from reading it years ago. BK'''}}
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|[[Moribus]] [[ac]] [[linguis]] [[varias]] [[et]] [[nomine]] [[gentes]]
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 8.722-723.: ''gentes,/ quam variae linguis, habitu tam vestis et armis''. ‘Peoples as diverse in fashion of dress and arms as in tongues.’ Prudentius, ''Contra Orationem Symmachi'' 2.586-587.: '' discordes linguis populos et dissona cultu/ regna volens sociare Deus''. . . ‘God, wishing to bring into partnership peoples of different speech and realms of discordant manners. . .’
}}
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|[[Distinguens]] [[cultu]], [[tum]] [[relligione]] [[sequestrans]].
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|{{Commentary|''Sequestrans'': “separating,” a meaning that seems to have developed from the concept of the deposit held by a ''sequester'', the third-party arbitrator in a monetary conflict.
}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|{{Comment| "cultu": As distinguished from "religione", it probably can be translated as 'way of life', in the sense of the general style of societal customs, e.g. how they stack their hay, construct and decorate their barns, etc...}}
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|[[Inter]] [[quas]] [[gens]] [[Pannoniae1|Pannoniae]] [[residere]] [[probatur]],
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|{{Commentary|''Pannonia'': Roman province in the north-west Balkans, according to the poet the homeland of the “Huns” (''Hunos'', line 5), a nomadic tribe that invaded Europe from the east, beginning around 370 A.D.
}}
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|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDDDS}}
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|[[quam2|Quam]] [[tamen]] [[et]] [[Hunos]] [[plerumque]] [[vocare]] [[solemus]].
|5
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|{{PicturesCont}}
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| {{Comment|"Hunos": The Huns first swept into Roman consciousness when, invading from the east, they displaced the Goths, who, as detailed by Ammianus Marcellinus, ended up decimating the Roman army at the Battle of Adrianople, now Edirne in northwest Turkey, in A.D. 378. The province of Pannonia from line 4 was actually ceded to the Huns in the mid-5th century by the Eastern Roman Emperor Theodosius II after several major military defeats.}}
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|[[hic2|Hic]] [[populus]] [[fortis1|fortis]] [[virtute]] [[vigebat]] [[et]] [[armis]],
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
|{{Comment| Indeed, the Huns were a nomadic people who flourished not by building cities but by military prowess. Note how the Huns left no literary record nor any real archaeological one beyond military equipment.}}
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|[[Non]] [[circumpositas]] [[solum]] [[domitans]] [[regiones]],
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|{{Parallel|''Liber I Macchabeorum'' 1.1-2.: ''Et factum est postquam percussit Alexander Philippi Macedo qui primus regnavit in Graecia egressus de terra Cetthim Darium regem Persarum et Medorum constituit proelia multa et omnium obtinuit munitiones et interfecit reges terrae et pertransiit usque ad fines terrae''. ‘Now it came to pass, after that Alexander the son of Philip the Macedonian, who first reigned in Greece, coming out of the land of Cethim, had overthrown Darius king of the Persians and Medes: he fought many battles, and took the strong holds of all, and slew the kings of the earth: and he went through even to the ends of the earth.’
}}
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|[[Litoris]] [[oceani]] [[sed1|sed]] [[pertransiverat]] [[oras]],
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|{{Parallel|''Liber I Macchabeorum'' 1.1-2.: ''Et factum est postquam percussit Alexander Philippi Macedo qui primus regnavit in Graecia egressus de terra Cetthim Darium regem Persarum et Medorum constituit proelia multa et omnium obtinuit munitiones et interfecit reges terrae et pertransiit usque ad fines terrae''. ‘Now it came to pass, after that Alexander the son of Philip the Macedonian, who first reigned in Greece, coming out of the land of Cethim, had overthrown Darius king of the Persians and Medes: he fought many battles, and took the strong holds of all, and slew the kings of the earth: and he went through even to the ends of the earth.’
 ''Aeineid'' 3.396: ''has autem terras Italique hanc litoris oram.'' . . ‘But these lands, and this nearest border of the Italian shore. . .’ Virgil, ''Georgics'' 2.44: ''ades et primi lege litoris oram''. ‘Draw nigh, and skirt the near shoreline.’
}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| "oceani": 'Oceanus' in traditional mythology was the son of Uranus and Gaia and the personification of the great river that encircled the known world. Though the extent to which a Carolingian or near-Carolingian monk would have known geography beyond antiquity's understanding of it is unclear, the very same section of Isidore's Etymologies referenced in line 1 explicitly mentions Oceanus as encircling the globe. The Huns were a people of the inland steppes and plains. At the height of its power, the Hunnic Empire stretched from the Caspian and Black Seas to the North Sea and even the Adriatic, but never all the way to the Atlantic Ocean.}}
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|[[Foedera]] [[supplicibus]] [[donans]] [[sternensque]] [[rebelles1|rebelles]].
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 6.851-852.: ''tu regere imperio populos, Romane, memento/ (hae tibi erunt artes), pacique imponere morem,/ parcere subiectis et debellare superbos''. ‘You, Roman, be sure to rule the world (be these your arts), to crown peace with justice, to spare the vanquished and to crush the proud.’
}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| The poet here does not borrow any of the exact language of Aeneid [1.257-258 or JZ]6.852 but he does not need to. The allusion to the Virgilian and Roman dictum to "spare the vanquished and crush the proud," an ideal for the imperial Roman leader, is overt. By ascribing this very Roman and ipso facto admirable trait to Attila and the Huns, the poet departs from the view in the ancient Roman's mind of the Huns the scourge of the Roman Empire. This characteristic is factually accurate. Attila and the Huns destroyed many enemy armies, yet they also spared defeated foes in order to exact tribute from them. Indeed, at the very gates of Rome Attila is said to have turned back at the sight of Pope Leo I.}}
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|[[Ultra]] [[millenos]] [[fertur]] [[dominarier]] [[annos]].
|10
|{{Commentary|''Fertur'': the subject is ''populus''. ''Dominarier'': archaic form for the passive infinitive (here of a deponent), frequent in poetry of all periods.
}}
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|{{Comment| This is a case of hyperbole by the author. Perhaps in the medieval mind the name Huns is a reference to an amalgamation of particular antique peripheral invaders, which might explain the reference in line 12 to Attila's wish to renew the "antiquos triumphos." In actuality the Hunnic empire came into existence in the west around 370 when they destroyed a tribe of Alans, and eventually petered out around 469 at the death of Dengizik, the succesor of Attila's son Ellak. Beginning here, but continued throughout the poem, the poet treats the Huns not as barbarians invaders but a strong, proud people with an illustrious history. By putting the Huns on relative par with the Romans (c. line 11) in the way they rule and duration of their "imperium", he strengthens the foundations of his own civilization. Were the Franks and other western European peoples defeated by a mere marauding hoard, there would be no nobility in recalling such story. However, given that the Huns are set up as a broad and powerful civilization, that they were eventually overcome becomes so much more impressive and heroic genesis of the poet's own times.}}
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|[[Attila1|Attila]] [[rex]] [[quodam1|quodam]] [[tulit]] [[illud1|illud]] [[tempore]] [[regnum]],
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|{{Commentary|''Attila'': Ruler of the Huns, first with his brother Bleda, from 434 to 455, then alone until 453 A.D. ''Tulit'' equiv. to''gessit''
}}
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|[[Impiger]] [[antiquos]] [[sibimet]] [[renovare]] [[triumphos]].
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|{{Commentary|''Renovare'': infinitive following ''impiger'' (“eager”); cf. Hor. ''Carm''. 4.14.22.
}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|{{Comment| "antiquos triumphos": c. note on line 10; most likely "antiquos" should be read as 'ancient' or 'ancestral' as opposed to 'old', which would lend itself to the grandeur with which the poet tries to infuse the Huns. Attila is not attempting to rekindle the fame of his own younger days, but the younger days of his people.}}
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<hr />

{|
|[[WalthariusPrologue|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* '''Introduction: the Huns (1–12)'''
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
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|[[Waltharius13|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1English|English]]
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Waltharius256

2009-12-14T17:51:22Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286) */

===Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)===
{|
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|[[Addidit]] [[has]] [[imo]] [[virguncula]] [[corde]] [[loquelas]]:
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|{{Commentary|''Virguncula'': the diminutive seems to be used merely ''metri causa''.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 5.842: ''funditque has ore loquelas.'' ‘He pours these accents from his lips.’
}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
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|[[Vestrum]] [[velle]] [[meum]], [[solis1|solis]] [[his]] [[aestuo]] [[rebus]].
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|{{Commentary|''Velle'' equiv. to ''voluntas'', cf. Persius 5.53.
}}
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|[[Praecipiat]] [[dominus]], [[seu]] [[prospera1|prospera]] [[sive]] [[sinistra]]
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|[[eius2|Eius]] [[amore]] [[pati]] [[toto1|toto]] [[sum]] [[pectore]] [[praesto]].'
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 7.356: ''animus toto percepit pectore flammam.'' ‘And her soul has not yet caught the flame throughout her breast.’
}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
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|[[Waltharius]] [[tandem]] [[sic]] [[virginis]] [[inquit]] [[in]] [[aurem]]:
|260
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 5.547: ''fidam sic fatur ad aurem. '' ‘Thus he speaks into his faithful ear.’
}}
|{{Pictures|<gallery widths="120px" heights="80px" perrow="3">
File:Waltharius-Lines-260–274.png
File:Waltharius-Lines-260-274-1.png
File:Waltharius-Lines-260-274-2.png
File:Waltharius-Lines-260-274-3.png
File:Waltharius-Lines-260–274-and-passim.png
File:Waltharius-Lines-260-274-and-passim_1.png
File:Waltharius-Lines-260-274-and-passim_2.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
|{{Comment|'''inquit in aurem''' i.e. “whisper”; cf. Horace, Sermo 1.9.9-10: “in aurem /
dicere nescio quid puero” (“to whisper I know not what to the boy”). SB}}
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|[[publica1|Publica]] [[custodem]] [[rebus]] [[te2|te]] [[nempe]] [[potestas]]
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|[[Fecerat]], [[idcirco]] [[memor2|memor]] [[haec]] [[mea1|mea]] [[verba]] [[notato]]:
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|{{Parallel|Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' 14.813: ''nam memoro memori animo pia verba notavi.'' ‘For I treasured up thy gracious words in retentive mind, and now recall them to thee.’
}}
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|[[Primis]] [[galeam]] [[regis]] [[tunicamque]], [[trilicem]]
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 3.467: ''loricam consertam hamis auroque trilicem.'' ‘A breatplate triple-woven with hooks of gold.’ 5.259: ''levibus huic hamis consertam auroque trilicem.'' ‘A coat of mail, linked with polished hooks of triple gold.’ 7.639-640.: ''clipeumque auroque trilicem/ loricam induitur. '' ‘He dons his shield and coat of mail, triple-linked with gold.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|{{Comment|'''263-65''' Cf. 334-339, where Walter’s actual arms and armor are described in greater detail: “Imposuit capiti rubras cum casside cristas / Ingentesque ocreis suras complectitur aureis / Et laevum femur ancipiti praecinxerat ense / Atque alio dextrum pro ritu Pannoniarum: / Is tamen ex una tantum dat vulnera parte. Tunc hastam dextra rapiens clipeumque sinistra” (“Then places on his head a crimson-crested helmet / And wraps his massive calves in greaves of gold; he girds / A two-edged sword on his left thigh; and following / The manner of the Huns, another on his right: / This one, however, will wound only from one edge. / His right hand grasps a spear; his left hand grasps a shield.” Kratz). Here, by contrast, Walter asks only for armor from Hildegund, i.e. defensive gear, not offensive weapons. This may be of significance, as his departure is presented by Ospirin, at 376-377, as the ruin of what upheld and defended the Huns: “En hodie imperii vestri cecidisse column / Noscitur en robur procul ivit et inclitsa virtus” (“Behold, today, the column of your empire is known from afair to have fallen; behold its bulwark and its famous courage have gone.” Not Kratz). It is especially significant, and symbolic, that Walter is asking for the king’s own armor. The gear requested is the king’s galea, “helmet,” and tunica, “byrnie,” which is described as a trilix lorica, “three-fold cuirass” that “bears the mark of smiths.” See Althof for the significance of smith-work in so-called Germanic culture. Ziolkowski 2008 discusses the physical nature of some of these arms in an early medieval context. SB}}
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|[[Assero]] [[loricam]] [[fabrorum]] [[insigne]] [[ferentem]],
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|{{Commentary|''Assero'': “I mean” (specifying the ''tunica'' as the ''lorica'')
}}
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=fabrorum insigne}}
|{{Comment|'''assero''' perhaps simply “I mean” as the Kratz 1984 translation suggests, i.e. clarifying which tunica exactly ought to be taken (“I mean the three-fold cuirass…”), but assero may have a more symbolic meaning here. It was originally a technical term for the liberation of a slave, but it came to mean an act of appropriation or a claim of ownership (Thesaurus Linguae Latinae). In line with the fact that Walter is taking the king’s own armor, this technical or juridical sense of the verb may be significant, i.e. he is asserting his right to the king’s personal defense, since he himself is that defense. This undergirds Ospirin’s fears that Walter’s departure means the loss of the Hunnish bulwark (376-77). SB}}
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|[[Diripe]], [[bina1|bina]] [[dehinc]] [[mediocria]] [[scrinia|scrinia ]][[tolle]].
|265
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDDDS}}
|{{Comment| '''scrinia''' these are presumably large casks. In medieval Latin scrinium often described the cases in which books or papers were held, and by extension, "archives" and later government "offices" (Thesaurus Linguae Latinae, Niermeyer; though also "reliquaries"). Our ability to visualize these carrying cases is assisted somewhat by 269, where one is described as a vas, “vessel” but also “pack,” “kit,” and 330 where Walter attaches them, in the manner of panniers, to the horse: “Scrinia plena gazae lateri suspendit utrique” (“On either side he hangs the coffers filled with treasure.” Kratz). Whether the poet imagines these to be bags, boxes, or circular casks, however, is hard to say. We know they must be relatively large (despite mediocria), since Walter commands Hildegund to fill them till she can scarcely lift them: "His armillarum tantum da Pannonicarum / Donec vix unum releves ad pectoris imum" ("fill these with so many arm-rings of the Huns / That you can scarcely lift one just up to your breast," 266-267, Kratz). But their shape and appearance remain mysterious. Inconveniently, although Isidore of Seville (d. 636) does include "scrinium" in Etymologies 20.ix (De vasis repositoriis, on storage containers), this is one of those words (like "stuprum" and "texere") that Isidore never got around to etymologizing. It appears between coffer (mozicia) and bag (saccus), but all that is said is the word "scrinium." Modern etymologists concur that the earliest form of the word referred specifically to a container for papers or books (M. de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden, 2008, 547; A Ernout et Antoine Meillet, Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine, 4th edn, Paris, 1959, 605). It would be interesting to pursue the notion that the poet is implying that the "riches" are allegorical for some sort of books (or some sort of literature - pagan? Germanic?), but since "scrinium" can be a container of any sort perhaps this is unlikely. SB.}}
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|[[his6|His]] [[armillarum]] [[tantum1|tantum]] [[da ]][[Pannonicarum]],
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|{{Commentary|''Armillarum'': “arm-rings” of gold or silver, such as were worn by Germanic warriors. Here they are a valuable treasure with an important role in the plot.
}}
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|{{PicturesCont}}
{{Pictures|<gallery widths="120px" heights="80px" perrow="3">
File:Waltharius-Lines-260–274.png
File:Waltharius-Lines-260-274-1.png
File:Waltharius-Lines-260-274-2.png
File:Waltharius-Lines-260-274-3.png
File:Waltharius-Lines-260–274-and-passim.png
File:Waltharius-Lines-260-274-and-passim_1.png
File:Waltharius-Lines-260-274-and-passim_2.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|{{Comment|'''armillarum''' “arm bands”; rings of precious metal were a common currency for the remuneration of warriors in early medieval kingship. See J. R. Maddicott “Power and Prosperity in the Age of Bede and Beowulf,” Proceedings of the British Academy 117 (2002), 49-71 for some of the intricacies of supporting Germanic kingship on a material level. Compare also Alfred the Great’s translation of Boethius (late ninth century): “In the case of the king, the resources and tools with which to rule are that he must have his land fully manned: he must have praying men, fighting men, and working men. You know also that without these tools no king may make his ability known…[and] he must have the means of support for his tools, the three classes of men. These, then, are their means of support: land to live on, gifts, weapons, food, ale, clothing, and whatever else is necessary…” in Simon Keynes and Michael Lapidge, Asser’s Life of King Alfred and other contemporary sources (London, 1983), 132. See Ziolkowski 2008 for discussion of the arm bands within this matrix of early medieval kingship. On a more literary level, the strife that these armbands will cause is foreshadowed by the heavy spondaic feel of both this line and the preceding line (SSSSDS), in the same way that Aen. 4.124 "speluncam Dido dux et Troianus eandem" foreshadows the fateful consequences of the flight of Dido and Aeneas to the cave in which they consummate their union. SB}}
|-
|[[donec1|Donec]] [[vix]] [[unum1|unum]] [[releves]] [[ad]] [[pectoris]] [[imum1|imum]].
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[de]] [[quater]] [[binum]] [[mihi]] [[fac]] [[de]] [[more]] [[coturnum]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Quater binum…coturnum'': i.e., “four pairs of shoes.”
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 1.318: '' de more''. . . ‘According to custom. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|{{Comment|'''coturnum''' the word coturnus or cothurnus is originally the name of a high boot or buskin used to increase the height of a tragic actor in ancient Greek drama, and consequently the word can also refer to a tragic actor himself (Thesaurus Linguae Latinae). Presumably such shoes are not what the poet has in mind. It is possible that tragic or heroic undertones are being summoned here, but unlikely. What sort of shoes these are envisioned as by the poet is probably lost to us, and it is hard to say whether de more refers to a common way of making shoes or whether it is being suggested that Hildegund often makes shoes (a fact of some anthropological interest if the poet is also suggesting that shoe-making is a gendered activity). SB.}}
|
|-
|[[Tantundemque]] [[tibi]] [[patrans]] [[imponito]] [[vasis]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Patrans'': perfect in meaning ''Vasis'' equiv. to ''scriniis''
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sic]] [[fors]] [[ad]] [[summum1|summum]] [[complentur]] [[scrinia1|scrinia]] [[labrum]].
|270
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|{{Comment|note the heavy, spondaic meter. Perhaps the poet means to emphasize the fateful nature of greed. SB.}}
|-
|[[super]] [[a]] [[fabris]] [[hamos]] [[clam]] [[posce]] [[retortos]]:
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[nostra2|Nostra]] [[viatica]] [[sint]] [[pisces1|pisces]] [[simul]] [[atque]] [[volucres1|volucres]],
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ipse]] [[ego]] [[piscator]], [[sed1|sed]] [[et]] [[auceps]] [[esse]] [[coartor]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Coartor'' equiv. to ''cogar''
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=ipse ego}}
|{{Comment|Again, Walter does not ask for any weapons in his instructions to Hildegund, not even for proper hunting. Instead, he requests fishing gear. Fishing in the middle ages carries a strong Christian resonance. Important apostles were of course fishermen to begin with. Christ summons his apostles Simon Peter and Andrew (both fishermen) to become “fishers of men” (Mark 1.17, Matthew 4.18). Nor is this the only section of the bible in which Christ and fishing are linked (see also Luke 9.13-16, Matthew 14.16-21, Matthew 15.34-38, John 21.5-6, and Luke 5.5-6, inter alia). Cassiodorus recommended fishing to his monks at Vivarium. In the later middle ages, canonical writers deemed it proper for a cleric or monk to fish, but improper for one to hunt. Any straightforward Christian messages here are complicated by auceps, however. SB}}
|
|-
|[[haec2|Haec]] [[intra]] [[ebdomadam]] [[caute]] [[per]] [[singula]] [[comple]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Ebdomadam'': “week”
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 8.618: ''oculos per singula volvit.'' ‘He moves his eyes from piece to piece.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS|elision=intra ebdomadam}}
|
|-
|[[Audistis]], [[quid6|quid]] [[habere]] [[vianti]] [[forte]] [[necesse1|necesse]] [[est]].
|275
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=necesse est}}
|
|-
|[[Nunc]] [[quo]] [[more]] [[fugam]] [[valeamus]] [[inire]], [[recludo]]:
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 4.115-116.: ''nunc qua ratione quod instat/ confiere possit. . .'' ‘Now in what way the present purpose can be achieved. . .’ 8.49: ''nunc qua ratione quod instat/ expedias victor. . .'' ‘Now in what way you can make your way triumphant. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|{{Comment|the "flight" is mirrored by a quick, dactyl-filled meter. SB.}}
|-
|[[Postquam]] [[septenos]] [[Phoebus]] [[remeaverit]] [[orbes]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 5.64-65.:'' si nona diem mortalibus almum/ Aurora extulerit. . .''''Teucris ponam certamina classis.'' ‘Should the ninth Dawn lift her kindly light for mortals. . .I will ordain contests for the Trojans.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[regi1|Regi]] [[ac]] [[regi1|regi]]nae [[satrapis1|satrapis]] [[ducibus]] [[famulisque]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Hester'' 1.3: ''fecit grande convivium cunctis principibus et pueris suis fortissimis Persarum et Medorum inclitis et praefectis provinciarum coram se. '' ‘He made a great feast for all the princes, and for his servants, for the most mighty of the Persians, and the nobles of the Medes, and the governors of the provinces in his sight.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDDDS|elision=regi ac}}
|{{Comment|'''satrapis''' here evidently referring to some high level of the nobility. The poet occasionally uses it to describe a king as well. The term is used to describe royal officials in the Book of Esther (3.12), an important parallel for this section of the poem. SB.

'''I felt satrape has a coherent meaning in the Waltharius, such as vassal, or noble man who is below the king, who is nobel but dependent. But you might disagree. BK'''}}
|-
|[[Sumptu]] [[permagno]] [[convivia]] [[laeta]] [[parabo]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Atque]] [[omni1|omni]] [[ingenio]] [[potu]] [[sepelire]] [[studebo]],
|280
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 2.265: ''invadunt urbem somno vinoque sepultam.'' ‘They storm the city, buried in sleep and wine.’ 3.630: ''vinoque sepultus''. . . ‘Drowned in wine. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=atque omni; omni ingenio}}
|{{Comment|'''omni ingenio''' cf. Isidore, Synonyma 1.24: "Omni ope, omni vi, '''omni ingenio''', omni virtute, omni arte, omni ratione, omni consilio, omni instantia sume luctamen contra corporales molestias" ("With all your effort, all your strength, '''all your wit''', all your art, all your reason, all your counsel, all your concentration take up the struggle against bodily troubles"). SB.}}
|-
|[[Donec]] [[nullus1|nullus]] [[erit]], [[qui3|qui]] [[sentiat]] [[hoc4|hoc]], [[quod1|quod]] [[agendum]] [[est]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|apheresis=agendum est
}}
|
|-
|[[Tu]] [[tamen]] [[interea1|interea]] [[mediocriter]] [[utere]] [[vino]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.422: ''tu tamen interea''. . . ‘You, meanwhile. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Atque]] [[sitim]] [[vix]] [[ad]] [[mensam]] [[restinguere]] [[cura2|cura]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Ad mensam'': “at table,” i.e., during the meal.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue'' 5.47: ''sitim restinguere rivo. . .'' ‘The slaking of thirst in a rill. . .’ ''Aeneid'' 2.686: ''restinguere fontibus ignis . . . '' ‘To quench with water the fires. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Cum]] [[reliqui1|reliqui]] [[surgant]], [[ad]] [[opuscula]] [[nota1|nota]] [[recurre]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ast]] [[ubi]] [[iam]] [[cunctos1|cunctos]] [[superat]] [[violentia]] [[potus]],
|285
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|{{Comment|'''violentia potus''' violentia as opposed to vis underscores the moral irresponsibility of the king’s court in its drunkenness. Cf. the “excessive drink” which prompts Xerxes to act irresponsibly in Esther 1.10. SB.}}
|-
|[[Tum]] [[simul]] [[occiduas]] [[properemus]] [[quaerere]] [[partes]].'
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
|{{Comment|'''occiduas…partes''' occiduus is a common adjective for such scenes in Statius (Thebaid 1.200, 3.33, 4.283, 5.477, 5.538, and 10.84) and in early medieval authors (e.g. the Gesta Berengarii) who admired him. SB}}
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius215|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** '''Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)'''
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
|
|[[Waltharius287|next »]]
|[[Waltharius256English|English]]
|-
|}

Resources

2009-12-12T10:12:13Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke:

* [[A Germanic Epic in Latin for Christians?]]
* {{pdf|Waltharius-Bibliography-2009-08-14.pdf|Bibliography}}
* [http://bsbdmgh.bsb.lrz-muenchen.de/dmgh_new/app/web?action=loadBook&bookId=00000837 Monumenta Germaniae Historica]
* [http://books.google.com/books?vid=HARVARD32044019837624&printsec=titlepage#v=onepage&q=&f=false Waltharii poesis (ed. Althof) vol 1]
* [http://books.google.com/books?vid=HARVARD32044019837582&printsec=titlepage#v=onepage&q=&f=false Waltharii poesis (ed. Althof) vol 2 (commentary)]
* [http://lms01.harvard.edu:80/F/5R6SQNMSQVGXLTM17PJ8FVSVUXUNB2GEUCMLFULXQHR5IPVA9T-20402?func=full-set-set&set_number=411360&set_entry=000007&format=999 Althof's German translation in verse]
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=77AYAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=beck+waltharius&client=safari#v=onepage&q=&f=false Beck commentary]
* {{pdf|Monumenta_Novaliciensia(p141).pdf|Chroniclep141}}

Resources

2009-12-12T10:11:31Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke:

* [[A Germanic Epic in Latin for Christians?]]
* {{pdf|Waltharius-Bibliography-2009-08-14.pdf|Bibliography}}
* [http://bsbdmgh.bsb.lrz-muenchen.de/dmgh_new/app/web?action=loadBook&bookId=00000837 Monumenta Germaniae Historica]
* [http://books.google.com/books?vid=HARVARD32044019837624&printsec=titlepage#v=onepage&q=&f=false Waltharii poesis (ed. Strecker) vol 1]
* [http://books.google.com/books?vid=HARVARD32044019837582&printsec=titlepage#v=onepage&q=&f=false Waltharii poesis (ed. Strecker) vol 2 (commentary)]
* [http://lms01.harvard.edu:80/F/5R6SQNMSQVGXLTM17PJ8FVSVUXUNB2GEUCMLFULXQHR5IPVA9T-20402?func=full-set-set&set_number=411360&set_entry=000007&format=999 Althof's German translation in verse]
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=77AYAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=beck+waltharius&client=safari#v=onepage&q=&f=false Beck commentary]
* {{pdf|Monumenta_Novaliciensia(p141).pdf|Chroniclep141}}

Waltharius1376

2009-12-12T10:00:28Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395) */

===Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)===
{|
|-
|[[Belliger]] [[ut1|ut]] [[frameae]] [[murcatae]] [[fragmina]] [[vidit1|vidit]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Frameae murcatae equiv. to gladii mutilati''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''murcatae''' derives from the late Latin adjective 'murcus', 'murcare' appears also in Notger Gesta Karoli I, 32 and Vita S. Galli I,f - meaning appears to be to dismember or truncate body parts (Berschin 1968 pp25-6, Önnerfors 1988 pp25-7) Haug’s commentary suggests a comic meaning of a castrated or circumcised weapon (Haug 1991 p1215) BK}}
|-
|[[Indigne]] [[tulit]] [[ac]] [[nimia]] [[furit]] [[efferus]] [[ira]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Secundum Marcum'' 10.14: ''indigne tulit.'' ‘He was much displeased.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|{{Comment| '''nimia furit efferus ira''' Haug argues that the literal allusion to v380 ("nimia succenditur efferus ira") compares Walther to Attila, the two heroes fail into rage (ira) and have to pay with loosing their right hand, Attila in a metaphorically, Walther literally. (Haug 1991 p1216) However, the metaphor of loosing the hand is not played out in the earlier part of the epic and Haug’s reading might be arguable. Moreover, Attila rages as a consequence of loosing Walther and Hiltgund, while Walther looses because of raging. See also comment on 1388. BK}}
|-
|[[Impatiensque]] [[sui]] [[capulum]] [[sine]] [[pondere]] [[ferri]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Impatiens sui'': “out of control,” cf. Ov.'' Met. ''13.3:'' impatiens irae.''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Quamlibet]] [[eximio]] [[praestaret]] [[et]] [[arte]] [[metallo]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Et arte metallo equiv. to arte et metallo''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Protinus]] [[abiecit]] [[monimentaque]] [[tristia]] [[sprevit]].
|1380
|{{Commentary|''Protinus equiv. to procul'' ''Monimenta equiv. to fragmenta''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]] [[dum1|dum]] [[forte]] [[manum]] [[iam]] [[enormiter]] [[exeruisset]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=iam enormiter}}
|
|-
|[[Abstulit]] [[hanc]] [[Hagano]] [[sat1|sat]] [[laetus]] [[vulnere]] [[prompto]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.394: ''caput Euandrius abstulit ensis.'' ‘Evander’s sword swept off your head.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[In]] [[medio]] [[iactus1|iactus]] [[recidebat1|recidebat]] [[dextera]] [[fortis]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Gentibus]] [[ac]] [[populis]] [[multis1|multis]] [[suspecta1|suspecta]], [[tyrannis]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Suspecta'': cf. note on line 1086.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Innumerabilibus]] [[quae4|quae]] [[fulserat]] [[ante]] [[trophaeis]].
|1385
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[vir]] [[praecipuus]] [[nec]] [[laevis]] [[cedere]] [[gnarus]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Laevis equiv. to adversis ''– but also a joke.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sana]] [[mente]] [[potens]] [[carnis]] [[superare]] [[dolores]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' 8.517: ''magnos superat virtute dolores. '' ‘He overcomes the great pain with fortitude.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Non]] [[desperavit]] [[neque]] [[vultus]] [[concidit]] [[eius2|eius]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Neque vultus concidit eius'': commentators have not noticed the long ending of ''vultus'', which makes taking it as the subject of ''concidit'' problematic.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Liber Genesis'' 4.5: ''iratusque est Cain vehementer et concidit vultus eius.'' ‘Cain was exceedingly angry, and his countenance fell.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''Non desperavit neque vultus concidit eius''' The comparison between Atilla and Walther as established by intertextuality in vers 1377 (cf. respective comment) faces its crucial shift. Walther is able to overcome his rage, for which he payed with his right hand. Walther manages even to continue the battle (as stated in 1386) and keeps a straight face while Attila fails in the inherently stated ideal of not showing emotions (385-8 "Sic intestinis rex fluctuat undique curis, // Et varium pectus vario simul ore imitatus, // Prodidit exterius, quicquid toleraverat intus, // Iraque sermonem permisit promere nullum." - The king is surging inwardly with warring cares. The changes in his face reflect his changing feelings; Outward, the man betrays his suffering within. His wrath permitted him to speak no words at all.) BK}}
|-
|[[Verum]] [[vulnigeram]] [[clipeo1|clipeo]] [[insertaverat]] [[ulnam]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 2.671-672.: ''clipeoque sinistram/insertabam aptans.'' ‘I was passing my left arm into the shield as I fit it on.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=clipeo insertaverat}}
|
|-
|[[Incolomique]] [[manu]] [[mox]] [[eripuit]] [[semispatam]],
|1390
|{{Commentary|''Semispatam…qua…memoravimus'': cf. line 337.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[qua2|Qua]] [[dextrum1|dextrum]] [[cinxisse]] [[latus]] [[memoravimus]] [[illum1|illum]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ilico]] [[vindictam]] [[capiens1|capiens]] [[ex]] [[hoste]] [[severam]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Hester'' 8.13: ''paratos esse Iudaeos ad capiendam vindictam de hostibus suis''. ‘The Jews were ready to be revenged of their enemies.
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[nam1|Nam]] [[feriens]] [[dextrum]] [[Haganoni]] [[effodit]] [[ocellum]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Regum IV'' 25.7:'' oculos eius effodit. '' ‘He put out his eyes.’ ''Aeineid'' 3.663:'' luminis effossi fluidum lavit inde cruorem.'' ‘He washed therein the oozing blood from his eye’s socket.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=Haganoni effodit|hiatus=dextrum Haganoni}}
|{{Comment| '''1393-95''' Hagen’s injuries resemble those he dreamed of before as in 627 “Me petit atque oculum cum dentibus eruit unum.” – “He attacked me and ouged my one eye out, with some of my teeth” – all battles are thereby framed by the dream prophecy and its fulfillment. Cf comment on 1364 BK}}
|-
|[[Ac]] [[timpus]] [[resecans]] [[pariterque]] [[labella]] [[revellens]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Timpus equiv. to tempus equiv. to malam''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[olli1|Olli]] [[bis]] [[ternos]] [[discussit]] [[ab]] [[ore1|ore]] [[molares]].
|1395
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1346|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** '''Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)'''
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
|
|[[Waltharius1396|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1376English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1453

2009-12-12T09:53:13Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Epilogue (1453–1456) */

===Epilogue (1453–1456)===
{|
|-
|[[haec2|Haec]] [[quicunque]] [[legis]], [[stridenti]] [[ignosce]] [[cicadae]]
|
|{{Commentary|The correct interpretation of this and the following two lines is not entirely obvious. Beck takes ''aevum'' as ''aetatem iuvenilem'', but what is the point of exhorting the reader here to remember the days of youth? Better to take ''aevum'' as ''aeternitatem ''(cf. prologue, lines 5, 8); thus a young reader is encouraged to remember (like Waltharius) the importance of Christian salvation as he goes out into the world on his own.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue ''2.12-13.: ''me cum raucis. . .resonant arbusta cicadis. '' ‘The copses echo my voice with that of the shrill cicadas.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS|elision=stridenti ignosce}}
|{{comment| '''cicadae''' The cicade has a tradition as the a poetic insect for its singing and having a voice (cf. Plinius). Plato depicts them in Phdr. 259b-c as degenerated men, who existed before the muses, and now watch the men and tell the muses which of the men praises and pleases them. With Aesop (fable no 373), one might even consider this as a begging for patronage, since the cicade (grasshopper in most modern English versions) was just singing in contrast to the working ant. The comparison might, with Plato, suggest that the muses are subordinated to philosophy, or in Christian context theology. The poetics of the epic thereby just a preliminary exercise of the young poet. '''THe Haug 2004 article is not yet incorporated''' BK}}
|-
|[[Raucellam]] [[nec]] [[adhuc]] [[vocem]] [[perpende]], [[sed1|sed]] [[aevum]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue ''2.12-13.: ''me cum raucis. . .resonant arbusta cicadis. '' ‘The copses echo my voice with that of the shrill cicadas.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Utpote]] [[quae4|quae]] [[nidis]] [[nondum]] [[petit]] [[alta1|alta]] [[relictis]].
|1455
|
|{{Parallel|''Georgics ''2.210: ''illae altum nidis petiere relictis.'' ‘These leave their nests and seek the sky.’}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[haec3|Haec]] [[est]] [[Waltharii]] [[poesis]]. [[vos]] [[salvet]] [[Iesus]].
|
|{{Commentary|''IHS'': an abbreviation for the name Jesus, based on its first three letters in Greek.}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=????????}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1443|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* '''Epilogue (1453–1456)'''}}
|
|
|[[Waltharius1453English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1396

2009-12-12T09:48:45Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442) */

===Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)===
{|
|-
|[[tali2|Tali]] [[negotio]] [[dirimuntur]] [[proelia1|proelia]] [[facto]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.467: ''proelia voce diremit.'' ‘With his voice he broke off the fight.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=???????}}
|
|-
|[[Quemque]] [[suum2|suum]] [[vulnus1|vulnus]] [[atque]] [[aeger]] [[anhelitus]] [[arma]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.432: ''quatit aeger anhelitus artus.'' ‘A painful gasping shakes his huge frame.’
}}
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Waltharius-Lines-1397–1405.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|elision=atque aeger|falsequantities=vulnus}}
|
|-
|[[Ponere]] [[persuasit]]. [[quisnam]] [[hinc]] [[immunis]] [[abiret]],
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=quisnam hinc}}
|
|-
|[[qua2|Qua]] [[duo]] [[magnanimi]] [[heroes]] [[tam]] [[viribus]] [[aequi]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.649: ''magnanimi heroes. . .'' ‘High-souled heroes. . .’ 12.230-231.: ''viribus aequi/ non sumus? '' ‘Are we not their match in might?’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS|elision=magnanimi heroes}}
|
|-
|[[Quam]] [[fervore]] [[animi]] [[steterant]] [[in]] [[fulmine]] [[belli]]?
|1400
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 6.842: ''fulmina belli. . .'' ‘Thunderbolts of war. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=fervore animi}}
|
|-
|[[Postquam]] [[finis]] [[adest]], [[insignia]] [[quemque]] [[notabant]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Insignia equiv. to vulnera'', ironic.
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Illic]] [[Guntharii]] [[regis]] [[pes]], [[palma]] [[iacebat]]
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''1402-3''' Vogt-Spira suggest that avaritia (greed) and ira (rage) are depicted as driving forces of the epic plot and are also judged as deadly sins (Vogt-Spira 1994 p17) The collection of body parts resembles the punishment for sinners in Mark 9:42-48: "And if your hand causes you to sin, cut it off; it is better for you to enter life maimed than with two hands to go to Hell, to the unquenchable fire. And if your foot causes you to sin, cut it off; it is better for you to enter life lame than with two feet to be thrown into Hell. And if your eye causes you to sin, pluck it out; it is better for you to enter the kingdom of God with one eye than with two eyes to be thrown into Hell, where the worm does not die, and the fire is not quenched." The injuries depict the three surviving characters equally as sinners. Difficult to decide if this should be read as bucolically humorous or as a nauseous effect. BK}}
|-
|[[Waltharii]] [[nec]] [[non]] [[tremulus]] [[Haganonis]] [[ocellus]].
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sic]] [[sic]] [[armillas]] [[partiti sunt]] [[Avarenses]]!
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Lines-1397–1405.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Consedere]] [[duo1|duo]], [[nam1|nam]] [[tertius]] [[ille3|ille]] [[iacebat]],
|1405
|{{Commentary|''Tertius'': Gunther
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 7.431: ''consedere duces. '' ‘Burn the chiefs.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|{{Comment| Althof: Aen 12.396– not in the wiki – Althof also disagrees with that allusion because in Aen the flowers are used to heal and here they are just used to wipe the wounds clean. Yet, there could be a healing herbal meaning in Waltharius, too. BK}}
|-
|[[Sanguinis]] [[undantem]] [[tergentes]] [[floribus]] [[amnem]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.908:'' undantique. . .cruore. . .'' ‘In streams of blood. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[haec2|Haec]] [[inter]] [[timidam]] [[revocat]] [[clamore]] [[puellam]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 4.303: ''vocat clamore Cithaeron. '' ‘Cithaeron summons her with its din.’ 2.437: ''vocati clamore.'' ‘We are called by the clamour.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Alpharides]], [[veniens]] [[quae4|quae]] [[saucia]] [[quae4|quae]]que [[ligavit]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Saucia quaeque equiv. to vulnera omnia''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|{{Comment| The Germanic tradition attaches the power of healing to women. Althof offers various examples. BK}}
|-
|[[his5|His]] [[ita]] [[compositis1|compositis]] [[sponsus]] [[praecepit]] [[eidem]]:
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Iam]] [[misceto]] [[merum]] [[Haganoni]] [[et]] [[porrige]] [[primum1|primum]];
|1410
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=Haganoni et|hiatus=merum Haganoni}}
|{{Comment| Kratz (1984: xviii) suggests that the final scene in the Waltharius is based on a scene from Prudentius' Psychomachia (606-63) where the virtues rest and refresh themselves after combat. BK}}
|-
|[[Est]] [[athleta]] [[bonus]], [[fidei]] [[si]] [[iura]] [[reservet]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Si'': sc.'' modo''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Tum]] [[praebeto]] [[mihi]], [[reliquis]] [[qui3|qui]] [[plus]] [[toleravi]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''1413-15''' Gunther is marked as the weakest of the remaining warriors; he is marked as an anti-hero that failed in his ‘suberbus’. BK}}
|-
|[[postremum1|Postremum]] [[volo]] [[Guntharius]] [[bibat]], [[utpote]] [[segnis]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Inter]] [[magnanimum]] [[qui3|qui]] [[paruit]] [[arma]] [[virorum]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Et]] [[qui3|qui]] [[Martis]] [[opus]] [[tepide]] [[atque]] [[enerviter]] [[egit]].'
|1415
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 8.516: ''militiam et grave Martis opus. . .'' ‘Warfare and the stern work of battle. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=tepide atque; atque enerviter}}
|
|-
|[[Obsequitur]] [[cunctis3|cunctis]] [[Heririci]] [[filia]] [[verbis1|verbis]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Francus1|Francus]] [[at]] [[oblato]] [[licet3|licet]] [[arens]] [[pectore]] [[vino]]
|
|
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Defer]]' [[ait]] '[[prius]] [[Alpharidi]] [[sponso]] [[ac]] [[seniori]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|elision=sponso ac}}
|
|-
|[[virgo1|Virgo]], [[tuo]], [[quoniam]], [[fateor]], [[me]] [[fortior]] [[ille3|ille]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Nec]] [[solum1|solum]] [[me1|me]], [[sed1|sed]] [[cunctos1|cunctos]] [[supereminet]] [[armis1|armis]].'
|1420
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.856: ''victorque viros spereminet omnes.'' ‘He towers triumphant over all.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[hic1|Hic]] [[tandem]] [[Hagano]] [[spinosus]] [[et]] [[ipse1|ipse]] [[Aquitanus]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Spinosus'': cf. note on line 1351.
}}
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=ipse Aquitanus|hiatus=tandem Hagano}}
|{{Comment| '''Hagano spinosus''' Crosslingual mocking of the thorny Hagen. See v1351 and the respective comment. In contrast to the earlier occasion, where a character mocked Hagen, here the narrator is involved. This clearly alters the level and attaches authorial value to the mocking. It also preludes the following mocking of the heroes in the narrators voice. BK}}
|-
|[[Mentibus]] [[invicti]], [[licet3|licet]] [[omni1|omni]] [[corpore]] [[lassi]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[post1|Post]] [[varios]] [[pugnae1|pugnae]] [[strepitus]] [[ictusque]] [[tremendos]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Inter]] [[pocula]] [[scurrili]] [[certamine]] [[ludunt]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Georgics'' 2.383-384.: ''inter pocula laeti. . .saluere. '' ‘Amid their drinking they gaily danced.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Francus1|Francus]] [[ait]]: [[iam]] [[dehinc]] [[cervos]] [[agitabis]], [[amice]],
|1425
|
|{{Parallel|''Georgics'' 3.409: ''agitabis onagros. '' ‘You will course the wild ass.’
}}
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|falsequantities=extra syllable}}
|{{Comment| '''1425-28''' Mockingly, a prosthesis made of a stuffed glove is suggested for the missing hand. Pliny mentions a hand prosthesis in his Naturalis Historiae VII, 29. According to him, Marcus Sergius used a replacement hand made of iron. We lack any evidence for further prosthesis before the 15th century. BK}}
|-
|[[Quorum]] [[de]] [[corio]] [[wantis]] [[sine]] [[fine]] [[fruaris]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Wantis'': “gloves,” a Germanism, cf. French'' gants.'' ''Fruaris equiv. to utaris''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[At]] [[dextrum]], [[moneo]], [[tenera]] [[lanugine]] [[comple]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue ''2.51:'' cana legam tenera lanugine mala.'' ‘I will gather quinces, pale with tender down.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[ut1|Ut]] [[causae]] [[ignaros]] [[palmae]] [[sub]] [[imagine]] [[fallas]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS|elision=causae ignaros}}
|
|-
|[[Wah]]! [[sed1|sed]] [[quid5|quid]] [[dicis]], [[quod3|quod]] [[ritum]] [[infringere]] [[gentis]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Ritum…gentis'': cf. line 337.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Liber I Macchabeorum'' 1.66: ''noluerunt infringere legem Dei sanctam.'' ‘They would not break the holy law of God.’ ''Liber Genesis'' 34.22: ''ritum gentis imitantes. . .'' ‘Following the manner of the nation.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=ritum infringere}}
|
|-
|[[Ac]] [[dextro]] [[femori]] [[gladium]] [[agglomerare]] [[videris1|videris]]
|1430
|{{Commentary|''Videris'': passive
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.341: ''lateri adglomerant nostro.'' ‘They gather to our side.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS|elision=gladium agglomerare}}
|
|-
|[[Uxorique]] [[tuae]], [[si]] [[quando]] [[ea]] [[cura1|cura]] [[subintrat]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 9.757:'' si continuo victorem ea cura subisset. . .'' ‘If at once the victor had taken thought. . .
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=quando ea}}
|{{comment| Sexual pun in '''subintrat''' – to enter. BK}}
|-
|[[Perverso]] [[amplexu]] [[circumdabis]] [[euge]] [[sinistram1|sinistram]]?
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS|elision=perverso amplexu}}
|{{comment| '''Perverso''' makes clear that there is a right or correct hand and a wrong hand. Walther has to use his left hand in an up-side-down manner. See also comment on the preceding verse. BK}}
|-
|[[Iam]] [[quid5|quid]] [[demoror]]? [[en]] [[posthac]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[quicquid2|quicquid]] [[agendum]] [[est]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|apheresis=agendum est
}}
|
|-
|[[Laeva]] [[manus]] [[faciet]].' [[cui1|cui]] [[Walthare]] [[talia2|talia]] [[reddit]]:
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.323: ''talia reddit.'' ‘He answers thus.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Cur]] [[tam]] [[prosilias]], [[admiror]], [[lusce]] [[Sicamber]]:
|1435
|{{Commentary|''Sicamber equiv. to France. ''The Sicambri were an ancient Germanic tribe who lived along the Rhine, connected by tradition with the Frankish royal line.
}}
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Si]] [[venor]] [[cervos]], [[carnem]] [[vitabis]] [[aprinam]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ex]] [[hoc2|hoc]] [[iam]] [[famulis]] [[tu1|tu]] [[suspectando]] [[iubebis]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Ex hoc'': sc.'' tempore'' ''Suspectando'': sc.'' oblique''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Heroum]] [[turbas]] [[transversa]] [[tuendo]] [[salutans]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue'' 3.8: ''transversa tuentibus hircis. . .'' ‘While the goats looked askance. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[fidei]] [[memor1|memor]] [[antiquae]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[consiliabor]]:
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Iam]] [[si]] [[quando]] [[domum1|domum]] [[venias]] [[laribusque]] [[propinques]],
|1440
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Effice]] [[lardatam]] [[de]] [[multra]] [[farreque]] [[pultam]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Lardatam'': “fattened” ''Multra equiv. to lacte''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[haec3|Haec]] [[pariter]] [[victum]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[conferet]] [[atque]] [[medelam]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Medelam'': “medicine,” i.e., a poultice for the eye.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1376|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** '''Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)'''
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]])}}
|
|[[Waltharius1443|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1396English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1396

2009-12-12T09:32:16Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442) */

===Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)===
{|
|-
|[[tali2|Tali]] [[negotio]] [[dirimuntur]] [[proelia1|proelia]] [[facto]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.467: ''proelia voce diremit.'' ‘With his voice he broke off the fight.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=???????}}
|
|-
|[[Quemque]] [[suum2|suum]] [[vulnus1|vulnus]] [[atque]] [[aeger]] [[anhelitus]] [[arma]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.432: ''quatit aeger anhelitus artus.'' ‘A painful gasping shakes his huge frame.’
}}
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Waltharius-Lines-1397–1405.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|elision=atque aeger|falsequantities=vulnus}}
|
|-
|[[Ponere]] [[persuasit]]. [[quisnam]] [[hinc]] [[immunis]] [[abiret]],
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=quisnam hinc}}
|
|-
|[[qua2|Qua]] [[duo]] [[magnanimi]] [[heroes]] [[tam]] [[viribus]] [[aequi]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.649: ''magnanimi heroes. . .'' ‘High-souled heroes. . .’ 12.230-231.: ''viribus aequi/ non sumus? '' ‘Are we not their match in might?’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS|elision=magnanimi heroes}}
|
|-
|[[Quam]] [[fervore]] [[animi]] [[steterant]] [[in]] [[fulmine]] [[belli]]?
|1400
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 6.842: ''fulmina belli. . .'' ‘Thunderbolts of war. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=fervore animi}}
|
|-
|[[Postquam]] [[finis]] [[adest]], [[insignia]] [[quemque]] [[notabant]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Insignia equiv. to vulnera'', ironic.
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Illic]] [[Guntharii]] [[regis]] [[pes]], [[palma]] [[iacebat]]
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''1402-3''' Vogt-Spira suggest that avaritia (greed) and ira (rage) are depicted as driving forces of the epic plot and are also judged as deadly sins (Vogt-Spira 1994 p17) The collection of body parts resembles the punishment for sinners in Mark 9:42-48: "And if your hand causes you to sin, cut it off; it is better for you to enter life maimed than with two hands to go to Hell, to the unquenchable fire. And if your foot causes you to sin, cut it off; it is better for you to enter life lame than with two feet to be thrown into Hell. And if your eye causes you to sin, pluck it out; it is better for you to enter the kingdom of God with one eye than with two eyes to be thrown into Hell, where the worm does not die, and the fire is not quenched." The injuries depict the three surviving characters equally as sinners. Difficult to decide if this should be read as bucolically humorous or as a nauseous effect. BK}}
|-
|[[Waltharii]] [[nec]] [[non]] [[tremulus]] [[Haganonis]] [[ocellus]].
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sic]] [[sic]] [[armillas]] [[partiti sunt]] [[Avarenses]]!
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Lines-1397–1405.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Consedere]] [[duo1|duo]], [[nam1|nam]] [[tertius]] [[ille3|ille]] [[iacebat]],
|1405
|{{Commentary|''Tertius'': Gunther
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 7.431: ''consedere duces. '' ‘Burn the chiefs.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|{{Comment| Althof: Aen 12.396– not in the wiki – Althof also disagrees with that allusion because in Aen the flowers are used to heal and here they are just used to wipe the wounds clean. Yet, there could be a healing herbal meaning in Waltharius, too. BK}}
|-
|[[Sanguinis]] [[undantem]] [[tergentes]] [[floribus]] [[amnem]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.908:'' undantique. . .cruore. . .'' ‘In streams of blood. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[haec2|Haec]] [[inter]] [[timidam]] [[revocat]] [[clamore]] [[puellam]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 4.303: ''vocat clamore Cithaeron. '' ‘Cithaeron summons her with its din.’ 2.437: ''vocati clamore.'' ‘We are called by the clamour.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Alpharides]], [[veniens]] [[quae4|quae]] [[saucia]] [[quae4|quae]]que [[ligavit]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Saucia quaeque equiv. to vulnera omnia''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|{{Comment| The Germanic tradition attaches the power of healing to women. Althof offers various examples. BK}}
|-
|[[his5|His]] [[ita]] [[compositis1|compositis]] [[sponsus]] [[praecepit]] [[eidem]]:
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Iam]] [[misceto]] [[merum]] [[Haganoni]] [[et]] [[porrige]] [[primum1|primum]];
|1410
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=Haganoni et|hiatus=merum Haganoni}}
|{{Comment| Kratz (1984: xviii) suggests that the final scene in the Waltharius is based on a scene from Prudentius' Psychomachia (606-63) where the virtues rest and refresh themselves after combat. BK}}
|-
|[[Est]] [[athleta]] [[bonus]], [[fidei]] [[si]] [[iura]] [[reservet]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Si'': sc.'' modo''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Tum]] [[praebeto]] [[mihi]], [[reliquis]] [[qui3|qui]] [[plus]] [[toleravi]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''1413-15''' Gunther is marked as the weakest of the remaining warriors; he is marked as an anti-hero that failed in his ‘suberbus’. BK}}
|-
|[[postremum1|Postremum]] [[volo]] [[Guntharius]] [[bibat]], [[utpote]] [[segnis]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Inter]] [[magnanimum]] [[qui3|qui]] [[paruit]] [[arma]] [[virorum]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Et]] [[qui3|qui]] [[Martis]] [[opus]] [[tepide]] [[atque]] [[enerviter]] [[egit]].'
|1415
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 8.516: ''militiam et grave Martis opus. . .'' ‘Warfare and the stern work of battle. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=tepide atque; atque enerviter}}
|
|-
|[[Obsequitur]] [[cunctis3|cunctis]] [[Heririci]] [[filia]] [[verbis1|verbis]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Francus1|Francus]] [[at]] [[oblato]] [[licet3|licet]] [[arens]] [[pectore]] [[vino]]
|
|
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Defer]]' [[ait]] '[[prius]] [[Alpharidi]] [[sponso]] [[ac]] [[seniori]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|elision=sponso ac}}
|
|-
|[[virgo1|Virgo]], [[tuo]], [[quoniam]], [[fateor]], [[me]] [[fortior]] [[ille3|ille]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Nec]] [[solum1|solum]] [[me1|me]], [[sed1|sed]] [[cunctos1|cunctos]] [[supereminet]] [[armis1|armis]].'
|1420
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.856: ''victorque viros spereminet omnes.'' ‘He towers triumphant over all.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[hic1|Hic]] [[tandem]] [[Hagano]] [[spinosus]] [[et]] [[ipse1|ipse]] [[Aquitanus]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Spinosus'': cf. note on line 1351.
}}
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=ipse Aquitanus|hiatus=tandem Hagano}}
|{{Comment| '''Hagano spinosus''' Crosslingual mocking of the thorny Hagen. See v1351 and the respective comment. In contrast to the earlier occasion, where a character mocked Hagen, here the narrator is involved. This clearly alters the level and attaches authorial value to the mocking. It also preludes the following mocking of the heroes in the narrators voice. BK}}
|-
|[[Mentibus]] [[invicti]], [[licet3|licet]] [[omni1|omni]] [[corpore]] [[lassi]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[post1|Post]] [[varios]] [[pugnae1|pugnae]] [[strepitus]] [[ictusque]] [[tremendos]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Inter]] [[pocula]] [[scurrili]] [[certamine]] [[ludunt]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Georgics'' 2.383-384.: ''inter pocula laeti. . .saluere. '' ‘Amid their drinking they gaily danced.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Francus1|Francus]] [[ait]]: [[iam]] [[dehinc]] [[cervos]] [[agitabis]], [[amice]],
|1425
|
|{{Parallel|''Georgics'' 3.409: ''agitabis onagros. '' ‘You will course the wild ass.’
}}
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|falsequantities=extra syllable}}
|
|-
|[[Quorum]] [[de]] [[corio]] [[wantis]] [[sine]] [[fine]] [[fruaris]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Wantis'': “gloves,” a Germanism, cf. French'' gants.'' ''Fruaris equiv. to utaris''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[At]] [[dextrum]], [[moneo]], [[tenera]] [[lanugine]] [[comple]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue ''2.51:'' cana legam tenera lanugine mala.'' ‘I will gather quinces, pale with tender down.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[ut1|Ut]] [[causae]] [[ignaros]] [[palmae]] [[sub]] [[imagine]] [[fallas]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS|elision=causae ignaros}}
|
|-
|[[Wah]]! [[sed1|sed]] [[quid5|quid]] [[dicis]], [[quod3|quod]] [[ritum]] [[infringere]] [[gentis]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Ritum…gentis'': cf. line 337.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Liber I Macchabeorum'' 1.66: ''noluerunt infringere legem Dei sanctam.'' ‘They would not break the holy law of God.’ ''Liber Genesis'' 34.22: ''ritum gentis imitantes. . .'' ‘Following the manner of the nation.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=ritum infringere}}
|
|-
|[[Ac]] [[dextro]] [[femori]] [[gladium]] [[agglomerare]] [[videris1|videris]]
|1430
|{{Commentary|''Videris'': passive
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.341: ''lateri adglomerant nostro.'' ‘They gather to our side.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS|elision=gladium agglomerare}}
|
|-
|[[Uxorique]] [[tuae]], [[si]] [[quando]] [[ea]] [[cura1|cura]] [[subintrat]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 9.757:'' si continuo victorem ea cura subisset. . .'' ‘If at once the victor had taken thought. . .
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=quando ea}}
|
|-
|[[Perverso]] [[amplexu]] [[circumdabis]] [[euge]] [[sinistram1|sinistram]]?
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS|elision=perverso amplexu}}
|
|-
|[[Iam]] [[quid5|quid]] [[demoror]]? [[en]] [[posthac]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[quicquid2|quicquid]] [[agendum]] [[est]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|apheresis=agendum est
}}
|
|-
|[[Laeva]] [[manus]] [[faciet]].' [[cui1|cui]] [[Walthare]] [[talia2|talia]] [[reddit]]:
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.323: ''talia reddit.'' ‘He answers thus.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Cur]] [[tam]] [[prosilias]], [[admiror]], [[lusce]] [[Sicamber]]:
|1435
|{{Commentary|''Sicamber equiv. to France. ''The Sicambri were an ancient Germanic tribe who lived along the Rhine, connected by tradition with the Frankish royal line.
}}
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Si]] [[venor]] [[cervos]], [[carnem]] [[vitabis]] [[aprinam]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ex]] [[hoc2|hoc]] [[iam]] [[famulis]] [[tu1|tu]] [[suspectando]] [[iubebis]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Ex hoc'': sc.'' tempore'' ''Suspectando'': sc.'' oblique''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Heroum]] [[turbas]] [[transversa]] [[tuendo]] [[salutans]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue'' 3.8: ''transversa tuentibus hircis. . .'' ‘While the goats looked askance. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[fidei]] [[memor1|memor]] [[antiquae]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[consiliabor]]:
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Iam]] [[si]] [[quando]] [[domum1|domum]] [[venias]] [[laribusque]] [[propinques]],
|1440
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Effice]] [[lardatam]] [[de]] [[multra]] [[farreque]] [[pultam]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Lardatam'': “fattened” ''Multra equiv. to lacte''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[haec3|Haec]] [[pariter]] [[victum]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[conferet]] [[atque]] [[medelam]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Medelam'': “medicine,” i.e., a poultice for the eye.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1376|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** '''Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)'''
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]])}}
|
|[[Waltharius1443|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1396English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1396

2009-12-12T09:24:01Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442) */

===Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)===
{|
|-
|[[tali2|Tali]] [[negotio]] [[dirimuntur]] [[proelia1|proelia]] [[facto]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.467: ''proelia voce diremit.'' ‘With his voice he broke off the fight.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=???????}}
|
|-
|[[Quemque]] [[suum2|suum]] [[vulnus1|vulnus]] [[atque]] [[aeger]] [[anhelitus]] [[arma]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.432: ''quatit aeger anhelitus artus.'' ‘A painful gasping shakes his huge frame.’
}}
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Waltharius-Lines-1397–1405.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|elision=atque aeger|falsequantities=vulnus}}
|
|-
|[[Ponere]] [[persuasit]]. [[quisnam]] [[hinc]] [[immunis]] [[abiret]],
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=quisnam hinc}}
|
|-
|[[qua2|Qua]] [[duo]] [[magnanimi]] [[heroes]] [[tam]] [[viribus]] [[aequi]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.649: ''magnanimi heroes. . .'' ‘High-souled heroes. . .’ 12.230-231.: ''viribus aequi/ non sumus? '' ‘Are we not their match in might?’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS|elision=magnanimi heroes}}
|
|-
|[[Quam]] [[fervore]] [[animi]] [[steterant]] [[in]] [[fulmine]] [[belli]]?
|1400
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 6.842: ''fulmina belli. . .'' ‘Thunderbolts of war. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=fervore animi}}
|
|-
|[[Postquam]] [[finis]] [[adest]], [[insignia]] [[quemque]] [[notabant]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Insignia equiv. to vulnera'', ironic.
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Illic]] [[Guntharii]] [[regis]] [[pes]], [[palma]] [[iacebat]]
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''1402-3''' Vogt-Spira suggest that avaritia (greed) and ira (rage) are depicted as driving forces of the epic plot and are also judged as deadly sins (Vogt-Spira 1994 p17) The collection of body parts resembles the punishment for sinners in Mark 9:42-48: "And if your hand causes you to sin, cut it off; it is better for you to enter life maimed than with two hands to go to Hell, to the unquenchable fire. And if your foot causes you to sin, cut it off; it is better for you to enter life lame than with two feet to be thrown into Hell. And if your eye causes you to sin, pluck it out; it is better for you to enter the kingdom of God with one eye than with two eyes to be thrown into Hell, where the worm does not die, and the fire is not quenched." The injuries depict the three surviving characters equally as sinners. Difficult to decide if this should be read as bucolically humorous or as a nauseous effect. BK}}
|-
|[[Waltharii]] [[nec]] [[non]] [[tremulus]] [[Haganonis]] [[ocellus]].
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sic]] [[sic]] [[armillas]] [[partiti sunt]] [[Avarenses]]!
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Lines-1397–1405.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Consedere]] [[duo1|duo]], [[nam1|nam]] [[tertius]] [[ille3|ille]] [[iacebat]],
|1405
|{{Commentary|''Tertius'': Gunther
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 7.431: ''consedere duces. '' ‘Burn the chiefs.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|{{Comment| Althof: Aen 12.396– not in the wiki – Althof also disagrees with that allusion because in Aen the flowers are used to heal and here they are just used to wipe the wounds clean. Yet, there could be a healing herbal meaning in Waltharius, too. BK}}
|-
|[[Sanguinis]] [[undantem]] [[tergentes]] [[floribus]] [[amnem]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.908:'' undantique. . .cruore. . .'' ‘In streams of blood. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[haec2|Haec]] [[inter]] [[timidam]] [[revocat]] [[clamore]] [[puellam]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 4.303: ''vocat clamore Cithaeron. '' ‘Cithaeron summons her with its din.’ 2.437: ''vocati clamore.'' ‘We are called by the clamour.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Alpharides]], [[veniens]] [[quae4|quae]] [[saucia]] [[quae4|quae]]que [[ligavit]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Saucia quaeque equiv. to vulnera omnia''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|{{Comment| The Germanic tradition attaches the power of healing to women. Althof offers various examples. BK}}
|-
|[[his5|His]] [[ita]] [[compositis1|compositis]] [[sponsus]] [[praecepit]] [[eidem]]:
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Iam]] [[misceto]] [[merum]] [[Haganoni]] [[et]] [[porrige]] [[primum1|primum]];
|1410
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=Haganoni et|hiatus=merum Haganoni}}
|
|-
|[[Est]] [[athleta]] [[bonus]], [[fidei]] [[si]] [[iura]] [[reservet]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Si'': sc.'' modo''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Tum]] [[praebeto]] [[mihi]], [[reliquis]] [[qui3|qui]] [[plus]] [[toleravi]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''1413-15''' Gunther is marked as the weakest of the remaining warriors; he is marked as an anti-hero that failed in his ‘suberbus’. BK}}
|-
|[[postremum1|Postremum]] [[volo]] [[Guntharius]] [[bibat]], [[utpote]] [[segnis]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Inter]] [[magnanimum]] [[qui3|qui]] [[paruit]] [[arma]] [[virorum]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Et]] [[qui3|qui]] [[Martis]] [[opus]] [[tepide]] [[atque]] [[enerviter]] [[egit]].'
|1415
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 8.516: ''militiam et grave Martis opus. . .'' ‘Warfare and the stern work of battle. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=tepide atque; atque enerviter}}
|
|-
|[[Obsequitur]] [[cunctis3|cunctis]] [[Heririci]] [[filia]] [[verbis1|verbis]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Francus1|Francus]] [[at]] [[oblato]] [[licet3|licet]] [[arens]] [[pectore]] [[vino]]
|
|
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Defer]]' [[ait]] '[[prius]] [[Alpharidi]] [[sponso]] [[ac]] [[seniori]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|elision=sponso ac}}
|
|-
|[[virgo1|Virgo]], [[tuo]], [[quoniam]], [[fateor]], [[me]] [[fortior]] [[ille3|ille]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Nec]] [[solum1|solum]] [[me1|me]], [[sed1|sed]] [[cunctos1|cunctos]] [[supereminet]] [[armis1|armis]].'
|1420
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.856: ''victorque viros spereminet omnes.'' ‘He towers triumphant over all.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[hic1|Hic]] [[tandem]] [[Hagano]] [[spinosus]] [[et]] [[ipse1|ipse]] [[Aquitanus]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Spinosus'': cf. note on line 1351.
}}
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=ipse Aquitanus|hiatus=tandem Hagano}}
|
|-
|[[Mentibus]] [[invicti]], [[licet3|licet]] [[omni1|omni]] [[corpore]] [[lassi]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[post1|Post]] [[varios]] [[pugnae1|pugnae]] [[strepitus]] [[ictusque]] [[tremendos]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Inter]] [[pocula]] [[scurrili]] [[certamine]] [[ludunt]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Georgics'' 2.383-384.: ''inter pocula laeti. . .saluere. '' ‘Amid their drinking they gaily danced.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Francus1|Francus]] [[ait]]: [[iam]] [[dehinc]] [[cervos]] [[agitabis]], [[amice]],
|1425
|
|{{Parallel|''Georgics'' 3.409: ''agitabis onagros. '' ‘You will course the wild ass.’
}}
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|falsequantities=extra syllable}}
|
|-
|[[Quorum]] [[de]] [[corio]] [[wantis]] [[sine]] [[fine]] [[fruaris]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Wantis'': “gloves,” a Germanism, cf. French'' gants.'' ''Fruaris equiv. to utaris''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[At]] [[dextrum]], [[moneo]], [[tenera]] [[lanugine]] [[comple]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue ''2.51:'' cana legam tenera lanugine mala.'' ‘I will gather quinces, pale with tender down.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[ut1|Ut]] [[causae]] [[ignaros]] [[palmae]] [[sub]] [[imagine]] [[fallas]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS|elision=causae ignaros}}
|
|-
|[[Wah]]! [[sed1|sed]] [[quid5|quid]] [[dicis]], [[quod3|quod]] [[ritum]] [[infringere]] [[gentis]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Ritum…gentis'': cf. line 337.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Liber I Macchabeorum'' 1.66: ''noluerunt infringere legem Dei sanctam.'' ‘They would not break the holy law of God.’ ''Liber Genesis'' 34.22: ''ritum gentis imitantes. . .'' ‘Following the manner of the nation.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=ritum infringere}}
|
|-
|[[Ac]] [[dextro]] [[femori]] [[gladium]] [[agglomerare]] [[videris1|videris]]
|1430
|{{Commentary|''Videris'': passive
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.341: ''lateri adglomerant nostro.'' ‘They gather to our side.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS|elision=gladium agglomerare}}
|
|-
|[[Uxorique]] [[tuae]], [[si]] [[quando]] [[ea]] [[cura1|cura]] [[subintrat]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 9.757:'' si continuo victorem ea cura subisset. . .'' ‘If at once the victor had taken thought. . .
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=quando ea}}
|
|-
|[[Perverso]] [[amplexu]] [[circumdabis]] [[euge]] [[sinistram1|sinistram]]?
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS|elision=perverso amplexu}}
|
|-
|[[Iam]] [[quid5|quid]] [[demoror]]? [[en]] [[posthac]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[quicquid2|quicquid]] [[agendum]] [[est]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|apheresis=agendum est
}}
|
|-
|[[Laeva]] [[manus]] [[faciet]].' [[cui1|cui]] [[Walthare]] [[talia2|talia]] [[reddit]]:
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.323: ''talia reddit.'' ‘He answers thus.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Cur]] [[tam]] [[prosilias]], [[admiror]], [[lusce]] [[Sicamber]]:
|1435
|{{Commentary|''Sicamber equiv. to France. ''The Sicambri were an ancient Germanic tribe who lived along the Rhine, connected by tradition with the Frankish royal line.
}}
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Si]] [[venor]] [[cervos]], [[carnem]] [[vitabis]] [[aprinam]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ex]] [[hoc2|hoc]] [[iam]] [[famulis]] [[tu1|tu]] [[suspectando]] [[iubebis]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Ex hoc'': sc.'' tempore'' ''Suspectando'': sc.'' oblique''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Heroum]] [[turbas]] [[transversa]] [[tuendo]] [[salutans]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue'' 3.8: ''transversa tuentibus hircis. . .'' ‘While the goats looked askance. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[fidei]] [[memor1|memor]] [[antiquae]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[consiliabor]]:
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Iam]] [[si]] [[quando]] [[domum1|domum]] [[venias]] [[laribusque]] [[propinques]],
|1440
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Effice]] [[lardatam]] [[de]] [[multra]] [[farreque]] [[pultam]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Lardatam'': “fattened” ''Multra equiv. to lacte''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[haec3|Haec]] [[pariter]] [[victum]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[conferet]] [[atque]] [[medelam]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Medelam'': “medicine,” i.e., a poultice for the eye.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1376|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** '''Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)'''
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]])}}
|
|[[Waltharius1443|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1396English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1396

2009-12-12T08:45:20Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442) */

===Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)===
{|
|-
|[[tali2|Tali]] [[negotio]] [[dirimuntur]] [[proelia1|proelia]] [[facto]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.467: ''proelia voce diremit.'' ‘With his voice he broke off the fight.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=???????}}
|
|-
|[[Quemque]] [[suum2|suum]] [[vulnus1|vulnus]] [[atque]] [[aeger]] [[anhelitus]] [[arma]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.432: ''quatit aeger anhelitus artus.'' ‘A painful gasping shakes his huge frame.’
}}
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Waltharius-Lines-1397–1405.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|elision=atque aeger|falsequantities=vulnus}}
|
|-
|[[Ponere]] [[persuasit]]. [[quisnam]] [[hinc]] [[immunis]] [[abiret]],
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=quisnam hinc}}
|
|-
|[[qua2|Qua]] [[duo]] [[magnanimi]] [[heroes]] [[tam]] [[viribus]] [[aequi]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.649: ''magnanimi heroes. . .'' ‘High-souled heroes. . .’ 12.230-231.: ''viribus aequi/ non sumus? '' ‘Are we not their match in might?’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS|elision=magnanimi heroes}}
|
|-
|[[Quam]] [[fervore]] [[animi]] [[steterant]] [[in]] [[fulmine]] [[belli]]?
|1400
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 6.842: ''fulmina belli. . .'' ‘Thunderbolts of war. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=fervore animi}}
|
|-
|[[Postquam]] [[finis]] [[adest]], [[insignia]] [[quemque]] [[notabant]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Insignia equiv. to vulnera'', ironic.
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Illic]] [[Guntharii]] [[regis]] [[pes]], [[palma]] [[iacebat]]
|
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''1402-3''' Vogt-Spira suggest that avaritia (greed) and ira (rage) are depicted as driving forces of the epic plot and are also judged as deadly sins (Vogt-Spira 1994 p17) The collection of body parts resembles the punishment for sinners in Mark 9:42-48: "And if your hand causes you to sin, cut it off; it is better for you to enter life maimed than with two hands to go to Hell, to the unquenchable fire. And if your foot causes you to sin, cut it off; it is better for you to enter life lame than with two feet to be thrown into Hell. And if your eye causes you to sin, pluck it out; it is better for you to enter the kingdom of God with one eye than with two eyes to be thrown into Hell, where the worm does not die, and the fire is not quenched." The injuries depict the three surviving characters equally as sinners. Difficult to decide if this should be read as bucolically humorous or as a nauseous effect. BK}}
|-
|[[Waltharii]] [[nec]] [[non]] [[tremulus]] [[Haganonis]] [[ocellus]].
|
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sic]] [[sic]] [[armillas]] [[partiti sunt]] [[Avarenses]]!
|
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|
|{{PicturesCont}}{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Lines-1397–1405.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Consedere]] [[duo1|duo]], [[nam1|nam]] [[tertius]] [[ille3|ille]] [[iacebat]],
|1405
|{{Commentary|''Tertius'': Gunther
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 7.431: ''consedere duces. '' ‘Burn the chiefs.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sanguinis]] [[undantem]] [[tergentes]] [[floribus]] [[amnem]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.908:'' undantique. . .cruore. . .'' ‘In streams of blood. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[haec2|Haec]] [[inter]] [[timidam]] [[revocat]] [[clamore]] [[puellam]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 4.303: ''vocat clamore Cithaeron. '' ‘Cithaeron summons her with its din.’ 2.437: ''vocati clamore.'' ‘We are called by the clamour.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Alpharides]], [[veniens]] [[quae4|quae]] [[saucia]] [[quae4|quae]]que [[ligavit]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Saucia quaeque equiv. to vulnera omnia''
}}
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
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|[[his5|His]] [[ita]] [[compositis1|compositis]] [[sponsus]] [[praecepit]] [[eidem]]:
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
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|[[Iam]] [[misceto]] [[merum]] [[Haganoni]] [[et]] [[porrige]] [[primum1|primum]];
|1410
|
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=Haganoni et|hiatus=merum Haganoni}}
|
|-
|[[Est]] [[athleta]] [[bonus]], [[fidei]] [[si]] [[iura]] [[reservet]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Si'': sc.'' modo''
}}
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
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|[[Tum]] [[praebeto]] [[mihi]], [[reliquis]] [[qui3|qui]] [[plus]] [[toleravi]].
|
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
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|[[postremum1|Postremum]] [[volo]] [[Guntharius]] [[bibat]], [[utpote]] [[segnis]]
|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
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|[[Inter]] [[magnanimum]] [[qui3|qui]] [[paruit]] [[arma]] [[virorum]]
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Et]] [[qui3|qui]] [[Martis]] [[opus]] [[tepide]] [[atque]] [[enerviter]] [[egit]].'
|1415
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 8.516: ''militiam et grave Martis opus. . .'' ‘Warfare and the stern work of battle. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=tepide atque; atque enerviter}}
|
|-
|[[Obsequitur]] [[cunctis3|cunctis]] [[Heririci]] [[filia]] [[verbis1|verbis]].
|
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Francus1|Francus]] [[at]] [[oblato]] [[licet3|licet]] [[arens]] [[pectore]] [[vino]]
|
|
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Defer]]' [[ait]] '[[prius]] [[Alpharidi]] [[sponso]] [[ac]] [[seniori]],
|
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|elision=sponso ac}}
|
|-
|[[virgo1|Virgo]], [[tuo]], [[quoniam]], [[fateor]], [[me]] [[fortior]] [[ille3|ille]]
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
|
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|[[Nec]] [[solum1|solum]] [[me1|me]], [[sed1|sed]] [[cunctos1|cunctos]] [[supereminet]] [[armis1|armis]].'
|1420
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.856: ''victorque viros spereminet omnes.'' ‘He towers triumphant over all.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[hic1|Hic]] [[tandem]] [[Hagano]] [[spinosus]] [[et]] [[ipse1|ipse]] [[Aquitanus]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Spinosus'': cf. note on line 1351.
}}
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=ipse Aquitanus|hiatus=tandem Hagano}}
|
|-
|[[Mentibus]] [[invicti]], [[licet3|licet]] [[omni1|omni]] [[corpore]] [[lassi]],
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
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|[[post1|Post]] [[varios]] [[pugnae1|pugnae]] [[strepitus]] [[ictusque]] [[tremendos]]
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
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|[[Inter]] [[pocula]] [[scurrili]] [[certamine]] [[ludunt]].
|
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|{{Parallel|''Georgics'' 2.383-384.: ''inter pocula laeti. . .saluere. '' ‘Amid their drinking they gaily danced.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Francus1|Francus]] [[ait]]: [[iam]] [[dehinc]] [[cervos]] [[agitabis]], [[amice]],
|1425
|
|{{Parallel|''Georgics'' 3.409: ''agitabis onagros. '' ‘You will course the wild ass.’
}}
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|falsequantities=extra syllable}}
|
|-
|[[Quorum]] [[de]] [[corio]] [[wantis]] [[sine]] [[fine]] [[fruaris]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Wantis'': “gloves,” a Germanism, cf. French'' gants.'' ''Fruaris equiv. to utaris''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[At]] [[dextrum]], [[moneo]], [[tenera]] [[lanugine]] [[comple]],
|
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|{{Parallel|''Eclogue ''2.51:'' cana legam tenera lanugine mala.'' ‘I will gather quinces, pale with tender down.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[ut1|Ut]] [[causae]] [[ignaros]] [[palmae]] [[sub]] [[imagine]] [[fallas]].
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS|elision=causae ignaros}}
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|[[Wah]]! [[sed1|sed]] [[quid5|quid]] [[dicis]], [[quod3|quod]] [[ritum]] [[infringere]] [[gentis]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Ritum…gentis'': cf. line 337.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Liber I Macchabeorum'' 1.66: ''noluerunt infringere legem Dei sanctam.'' ‘They would not break the holy law of God.’ ''Liber Genesis'' 34.22: ''ritum gentis imitantes. . .'' ‘Following the manner of the nation.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=ritum infringere}}
|
|-
|[[Ac]] [[dextro]] [[femori]] [[gladium]] [[agglomerare]] [[videris1|videris]]
|1430
|{{Commentary|''Videris'': passive
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.341: ''lateri adglomerant nostro.'' ‘They gather to our side.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS|elision=gladium agglomerare}}
|
|-
|[[Uxorique]] [[tuae]], [[si]] [[quando]] [[ea]] [[cura1|cura]] [[subintrat]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 9.757:'' si continuo victorem ea cura subisset. . .'' ‘If at once the victor had taken thought. . .
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=quando ea}}
|
|-
|[[Perverso]] [[amplexu]] [[circumdabis]] [[euge]] [[sinistram1|sinistram]]?
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS|elision=perverso amplexu}}
|
|-
|[[Iam]] [[quid5|quid]] [[demoror]]? [[en]] [[posthac]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[quicquid2|quicquid]] [[agendum]] [[est]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|apheresis=agendum est
}}
|
|-
|[[Laeva]] [[manus]] [[faciet]].' [[cui1|cui]] [[Walthare]] [[talia2|talia]] [[reddit]]:
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.323: ''talia reddit.'' ‘He answers thus.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Cur]] [[tam]] [[prosilias]], [[admiror]], [[lusce]] [[Sicamber]]:
|1435
|{{Commentary|''Sicamber equiv. to France. ''The Sicambri were an ancient Germanic tribe who lived along the Rhine, connected by tradition with the Frankish royal line.
}}
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Si]] [[venor]] [[cervos]], [[carnem]] [[vitabis]] [[aprinam]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ex]] [[hoc2|hoc]] [[iam]] [[famulis]] [[tu1|tu]] [[suspectando]] [[iubebis]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Ex hoc'': sc.'' tempore'' ''Suspectando'': sc.'' oblique''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Heroum]] [[turbas]] [[transversa]] [[tuendo]] [[salutans]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue'' 3.8: ''transversa tuentibus hircis. . .'' ‘While the goats looked askance. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[fidei]] [[memor1|memor]] [[antiquae]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[consiliabor]]:
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Iam]] [[si]] [[quando]] [[domum1|domum]] [[venias]] [[laribusque]] [[propinques]],
|1440
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Effice]] [[lardatam]] [[de]] [[multra]] [[farreque]] [[pultam]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Lardatam'': “fattened” ''Multra equiv. to lacte''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[haec3|Haec]] [[pariter]] [[victum]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[conferet]] [[atque]] [[medelam]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Medelam'': “medicine,” i.e., a poultice for the eye.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1376|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** '''Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)'''
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]])}}
|
|[[Waltharius1443|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1396English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1396

2009-12-12T08:44:35Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442) */

===Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)===
{|
|-
|[[tali2|Tali]] [[negotio]] [[dirimuntur]] [[proelia1|proelia]] [[facto]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.467: ''proelia voce diremit.'' ‘With his voice he broke off the fight.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=???????}}
|
|-
|[[Quemque]] [[suum2|suum]] [[vulnus1|vulnus]] [[atque]] [[aeger]] [[anhelitus]] [[arma]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.432: ''quatit aeger anhelitus artus.'' ‘A painful gasping shakes his huge frame.’
}}
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Waltharius-Lines-1397–1405.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|elision=atque aeger|falsequantities=vulnus}}
|
|-
|[[Ponere]] [[persuasit]]. [[quisnam]] [[hinc]] [[immunis]] [[abiret]],
|
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|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=quisnam hinc}}
|
|-
|[[qua2|Qua]] [[duo]] [[magnanimi]] [[heroes]] [[tam]] [[viribus]] [[aequi]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.649: ''magnanimi heroes. . .'' ‘High-souled heroes. . .’ 12.230-231.: ''viribus aequi/ non sumus? '' ‘Are we not their match in might?’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS|elision=magnanimi heroes}}
|
|-
|[[Quam]] [[fervore]] [[animi]] [[steterant]] [[in]] [[fulmine]] [[belli]]?
|1400
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 6.842: ''fulmina belli. . .'' ‘Thunderbolts of war. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=fervore animi}}
|
|-
|[[Postquam]] [[finis]] [[adest]], [[insignia]] [[quemque]] [[notabant]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Insignia equiv. to vulnera'', ironic.
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Illic]] [[Guntharii]] [[regis]] [[pes]], [[palma]] [[iacebat]]
|
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''1402-3''' Vogt-Spira suggest that avaritia (greed) and ira (rage) are depicted as driving forces of the epic plot and are also judged as deadly sins (Vogt-Spira 1994 p17) The collection of body parts resembles the punishment for sinners in Mark 9:42-48: "And if your hand causes you to sin, cut it off; it is better for you to enter life maimed than with two hands to go to Hell, to the unquenchable fire. And if your foot causes you to sin, cut it off; it is better for you to enter life lame than with two feet to be thrown into Hell. And if your eye causes you to sin, pluck it out; it is better for you to enter the kingdom of God with one eye than with two eyes to be thrown into Hell, where the worm does not die, and the fire is not quenched." The injuries depict the three surviving characters equally as sinners. Difficult to decide if this should be read as bucolically humorous or as an nauseous effect. BK}}
|-
|[[Waltharii]] [[nec]] [[non]] [[tremulus]] [[Haganonis]] [[ocellus]].
|
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sic]] [[sic]] [[armillas]] [[partiti sunt]] [[Avarenses]]!
|
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|{{PicturesCont}}{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Lines-1397–1405.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Consedere]] [[duo1|duo]], [[nam1|nam]] [[tertius]] [[ille3|ille]] [[iacebat]],
|1405
|{{Commentary|''Tertius'': Gunther
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 7.431: ''consedere duces. '' ‘Burn the chiefs.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sanguinis]] [[undantem]] [[tergentes]] [[floribus]] [[amnem]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.908:'' undantique. . .cruore. . .'' ‘In streams of blood. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[haec2|Haec]] [[inter]] [[timidam]] [[revocat]] [[clamore]] [[puellam]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 4.303: ''vocat clamore Cithaeron. '' ‘Cithaeron summons her with its din.’ 2.437: ''vocati clamore.'' ‘We are called by the clamour.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Alpharides]], [[veniens]] [[quae4|quae]] [[saucia]] [[quae4|quae]]que [[ligavit]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Saucia quaeque equiv. to vulnera omnia''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[his5|His]] [[ita]] [[compositis1|compositis]] [[sponsus]] [[praecepit]] [[eidem]]:
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Iam]] [[misceto]] [[merum]] [[Haganoni]] [[et]] [[porrige]] [[primum1|primum]];
|1410
|
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=Haganoni et|hiatus=merum Haganoni}}
|
|-
|[[Est]] [[athleta]] [[bonus]], [[fidei]] [[si]] [[iura]] [[reservet]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Si'': sc.'' modo''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
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|[[Tum]] [[praebeto]] [[mihi]], [[reliquis]] [[qui3|qui]] [[plus]] [[toleravi]].
|
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
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|[[postremum1|Postremum]] [[volo]] [[Guntharius]] [[bibat]], [[utpote]] [[segnis]]
|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
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|[[Inter]] [[magnanimum]] [[qui3|qui]] [[paruit]] [[arma]] [[virorum]]
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Et]] [[qui3|qui]] [[Martis]] [[opus]] [[tepide]] [[atque]] [[enerviter]] [[egit]].'
|1415
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 8.516: ''militiam et grave Martis opus. . .'' ‘Warfare and the stern work of battle. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=tepide atque; atque enerviter}}
|
|-
|[[Obsequitur]] [[cunctis3|cunctis]] [[Heririci]] [[filia]] [[verbis1|verbis]].
|
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Francus1|Francus]] [[at]] [[oblato]] [[licet3|licet]] [[arens]] [[pectore]] [[vino]]
|
|
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Defer]]' [[ait]] '[[prius]] [[Alpharidi]] [[sponso]] [[ac]] [[seniori]],
|
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|elision=sponso ac}}
|
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|[[virgo1|Virgo]], [[tuo]], [[quoniam]], [[fateor]], [[me]] [[fortior]] [[ille3|ille]]
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
|
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|[[Nec]] [[solum1|solum]] [[me1|me]], [[sed1|sed]] [[cunctos1|cunctos]] [[supereminet]] [[armis1|armis]].'
|1420
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.856: ''victorque viros spereminet omnes.'' ‘He towers triumphant over all.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[hic1|Hic]] [[tandem]] [[Hagano]] [[spinosus]] [[et]] [[ipse1|ipse]] [[Aquitanus]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Spinosus'': cf. note on line 1351.
}}
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=ipse Aquitanus|hiatus=tandem Hagano}}
|
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|[[Mentibus]] [[invicti]], [[licet3|licet]] [[omni1|omni]] [[corpore]] [[lassi]],
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
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|[[post1|Post]] [[varios]] [[pugnae1|pugnae]] [[strepitus]] [[ictusque]] [[tremendos]]
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
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|[[Inter]] [[pocula]] [[scurrili]] [[certamine]] [[ludunt]].
|
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|{{Parallel|''Georgics'' 2.383-384.: ''inter pocula laeti. . .saluere. '' ‘Amid their drinking they gaily danced.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Francus1|Francus]] [[ait]]: [[iam]] [[dehinc]] [[cervos]] [[agitabis]], [[amice]],
|1425
|
|{{Parallel|''Georgics'' 3.409: ''agitabis onagros. '' ‘You will course the wild ass.’
}}
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|falsequantities=extra syllable}}
|
|-
|[[Quorum]] [[de]] [[corio]] [[wantis]] [[sine]] [[fine]] [[fruaris]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Wantis'': “gloves,” a Germanism, cf. French'' gants.'' ''Fruaris equiv. to utaris''
}}
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[At]] [[dextrum]], [[moneo]], [[tenera]] [[lanugine]] [[comple]],
|
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|{{Parallel|''Eclogue ''2.51:'' cana legam tenera lanugine mala.'' ‘I will gather quinces, pale with tender down.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
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|[[ut1|Ut]] [[causae]] [[ignaros]] [[palmae]] [[sub]] [[imagine]] [[fallas]].
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS|elision=causae ignaros}}
|
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|[[Wah]]! [[sed1|sed]] [[quid5|quid]] [[dicis]], [[quod3|quod]] [[ritum]] [[infringere]] [[gentis]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Ritum…gentis'': cf. line 337.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Liber I Macchabeorum'' 1.66: ''noluerunt infringere legem Dei sanctam.'' ‘They would not break the holy law of God.’ ''Liber Genesis'' 34.22: ''ritum gentis imitantes. . .'' ‘Following the manner of the nation.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=ritum infringere}}
|
|-
|[[Ac]] [[dextro]] [[femori]] [[gladium]] [[agglomerare]] [[videris1|videris]]
|1430
|{{Commentary|''Videris'': passive
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.341: ''lateri adglomerant nostro.'' ‘They gather to our side.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS|elision=gladium agglomerare}}
|
|-
|[[Uxorique]] [[tuae]], [[si]] [[quando]] [[ea]] [[cura1|cura]] [[subintrat]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 9.757:'' si continuo victorem ea cura subisset. . .'' ‘If at once the victor had taken thought. . .
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=quando ea}}
|
|-
|[[Perverso]] [[amplexu]] [[circumdabis]] [[euge]] [[sinistram1|sinistram]]?
|
|
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS|elision=perverso amplexu}}
|
|-
|[[Iam]] [[quid5|quid]] [[demoror]]? [[en]] [[posthac]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[quicquid2|quicquid]] [[agendum]] [[est]],
|
|
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|apheresis=agendum est
}}
|
|-
|[[Laeva]] [[manus]] [[faciet]].' [[cui1|cui]] [[Walthare]] [[talia2|talia]] [[reddit]]:
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.323: ''talia reddit.'' ‘He answers thus.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Cur]] [[tam]] [[prosilias]], [[admiror]], [[lusce]] [[Sicamber]]:
|1435
|{{Commentary|''Sicamber equiv. to France. ''The Sicambri were an ancient Germanic tribe who lived along the Rhine, connected by tradition with the Frankish royal line.
}}
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Si]] [[venor]] [[cervos]], [[carnem]] [[vitabis]] [[aprinam]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
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|[[Ex]] [[hoc2|hoc]] [[iam]] [[famulis]] [[tu1|tu]] [[suspectando]] [[iubebis]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Ex hoc'': sc.'' tempore'' ''Suspectando'': sc.'' oblique''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Heroum]] [[turbas]] [[transversa]] [[tuendo]] [[salutans]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue'' 3.8: ''transversa tuentibus hircis. . .'' ‘While the goats looked askance. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[fidei]] [[memor1|memor]] [[antiquae]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[consiliabor]]:
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Iam]] [[si]] [[quando]] [[domum1|domum]] [[venias]] [[laribusque]] [[propinques]],
|1440
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Effice]] [[lardatam]] [[de]] [[multra]] [[farreque]] [[pultam]]:
|
|{{Commentary|''Lardatam'': “fattened” ''Multra equiv. to lacte''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[haec3|Haec]] [[pariter]] [[victum]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[conferet]] [[atque]] [[medelam]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Medelam'': “medicine,” i.e., a poultice for the eye.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1376|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** '''Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)'''
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]])}}
|
|[[Waltharius1443|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1396English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1376

2009-12-12T08:33:58Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395) */

===Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)===
{|
|-
|[[Belliger]] [[ut1|ut]] [[frameae]] [[murcatae]] [[fragmina]] [[vidit1|vidit]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Frameae murcatae equiv. to gladii mutilati''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''murcatae''' derives from the late Latin adjective 'murcus', 'murcare' appears also in Notger Gesta Karoli I, 32 and Vita S. Galli I,f - meaning appears to be to dismember or truncate body parts (Berschin 1968 pp25-6, Önnerfors 1988 pp25-7) Haug’s commentary suggests a comic meaning of a castrated or circumcised weapon (Haug 1991 p1215) BK}}
|-
|[[Indigne]] [[tulit]] [[ac]] [[nimia]] [[furit]] [[efferus]] [[ira]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Secundum Marcum'' 10.14: ''indigne tulit.'' ‘He was much displeased.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|{{Comment| '''nimia furit efferus ira''' Haug argues that the literal allusion to v380 ("nimia succenditur efferus ira") compares Walther to Attila, the two heroes fail into rage (ira) and have to pay with loosing their right hand, Attila in a metaphorically, Walther literally. (Haug 1991 p1216) However, the metaphor of loosing the hand is not played out in the earlier part of the epic and Haug’s reading might be arguable. Moreover, Attila rages as a consequence of loosing Walther and Hiltgund, while Walther looses because of raging.cf comment on 1388}}
|-
|[[Impatiensque]] [[sui]] [[capulum]] [[sine]] [[pondere]] [[ferri]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Impatiens sui'': “out of control,” cf. Ov.'' Met. ''13.3:'' impatiens irae.''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Quamlibet]] [[eximio]] [[praestaret]] [[et]] [[arte]] [[metallo]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Et arte metallo equiv. to arte et metallo''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Protinus]] [[abiecit]] [[monimentaque]] [[tristia]] [[sprevit]].
|1380
|{{Commentary|''Protinus equiv. to procul'' ''Monimenta equiv. to fragmenta''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]] [[dum1|dum]] [[forte]] [[manum]] [[iam]] [[enormiter]] [[exeruisset]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=iam enormiter}}
|
|-
|[[Abstulit]] [[hanc]] [[Hagano]] [[sat1|sat]] [[laetus]] [[vulnere]] [[prompto]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.394: ''caput Euandrius abstulit ensis.'' ‘Evander’s sword swept off your head.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[In]] [[medio]] [[iactus1|iactus]] [[recidebat1|recidebat]] [[dextera]] [[fortis]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Gentibus]] [[ac]] [[populis]] [[multis1|multis]] [[suspecta1|suspecta]], [[tyrannis]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Suspecta'': cf. note on line 1086.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Innumerabilibus]] [[quae4|quae]] [[fulserat]] [[ante]] [[trophaeis]].
|1385
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[vir]] [[praecipuus]] [[nec]] [[laevis]] [[cedere]] [[gnarus]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Laevis equiv. to adversis ''– but also a joke.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sana]] [[mente]] [[potens]] [[carnis]] [[superare]] [[dolores]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' 8.517: ''magnos superat virtute dolores. '' ‘He overcomes the great pain with fortitude.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Non]] [[desperavit]] [[neque]] [[vultus]] [[concidit]] [[eius2|eius]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Neque vultus concidit eius'': commentators have not noticed the long ending of ''vultus'', which makes taking it as the subject of ''concidit'' problematic.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Liber Genesis'' 4.5: ''iratusque est Cain vehementer et concidit vultus eius.'' ‘Cain was exceedingly angry, and his countenance fell.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''Non desperavit neque vultus concidit eius''' The comparison between Atilla and Walther as established by intertextuality in vers 1377 (cf. respective comment) faces its crucial shift. Walther is able to overcome his rage, for which he payed with his right hand. Walther manages even to continue the battle (as stated in 1386) and keeps a straight face while Attila fails in the inherently stated ideal of not showing emotions (385-8 "Sic intestinis rex fluctuat undique curis, // Et varium pectus vario simul ore imitatus, // Prodidit exterius, quicquid toleraverat intus, // Iraque sermonem permisit promere nullum." - The king is surging inwardly with warring cares. The changes in his face reflect his changing feelings; Outward, the man betrays his suffering within. His wrath permitted him to speak no words at all.) BK}}
|-
|[[Verum]] [[vulnigeram]] [[clipeo1|clipeo]] [[insertaverat]] [[ulnam]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 2.671-672.: ''clipeoque sinistram/insertabam aptans.'' ‘I was passing my left arm into the shield as I fit it on.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=clipeo insertaverat}}
|
|-
|[[Incolomique]] [[manu]] [[mox]] [[eripuit]] [[semispatam]],
|1390
|{{Commentary|''Semispatam…qua…memoravimus'': cf. line 337.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[qua2|Qua]] [[dextrum1|dextrum]] [[cinxisse]] [[latus]] [[memoravimus]] [[illum1|illum]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ilico]] [[vindictam]] [[capiens1|capiens]] [[ex]] [[hoste]] [[severam]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Hester'' 8.13: ''paratos esse Iudaeos ad capiendam vindictam de hostibus suis''. ‘The Jews were ready to be revenged of their enemies.
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[nam1|Nam]] [[feriens]] [[dextrum]] [[Haganoni]] [[effodit]] [[ocellum]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Regum IV'' 25.7:'' oculos eius effodit. '' ‘He put out his eyes.’ ''Aeineid'' 3.663:'' luminis effossi fluidum lavit inde cruorem.'' ‘He washed therein the oozing blood from his eye’s socket.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=Haganoni effodit|hiatus=dextrum Haganoni}}
|{{Comment| '''1393-95''' Hagen’s injuries resemble those he dreamed of before as in 627 “Me petit atque oculum cum dentibus eruit unum.” – “He attacked me and ouged my one eye out, with some of my teeth” – all battles are thereby framed by the dream prophecy and its fulfillment. Cf comment on 1364 BK}}
|-
|[[Ac]] [[timpus]] [[resecans]] [[pariterque]] [[labella]] [[revellens]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Timpus equiv. to tempus equiv. to malam''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[olli1|Olli]] [[bis]] [[ternos]] [[discussit]] [[ab]] [[ore1|ore]] [[molares]].
|1395
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1346|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** '''Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)'''
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
|
|[[Waltharius1396|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1376English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1376

2009-12-12T08:32:38Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395) */

===Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)===
{|
|-
|[[Belliger]] [[ut1|ut]] [[frameae]] [[murcatae]] [[fragmina]] [[vidit1|vidit]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Frameae murcatae equiv. to gladii mutilati''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''murcatae''' derives from the late Latin adjective 'murcus', 'murcare' appears also in Notger Gesta Karoli I, 32 and Vita S. Galli I,f - meaning appears to be to dismember or truncate body parts (Berschin 1968 pp25-6, Önnerfors 1988 pp25-7) Haug’s commentary suggests a comic meaning of a castrated or circumcised weapon (Haug 1991 p1215) BK}}
|-
|[[Indigne]] [[tulit]] [[ac]] [[nimia]] [[furit]] [[efferus]] [[ira]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Secundum Marcum'' 10.14: ''indigne tulit.'' ‘He was much displeased.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|{{Comment| '''nimia furit efferus ira''' Haug argues that the literal allusion to v380 ("nimia succenditur efferus ira") compares Walther to Attila, the two heroes fail into rage (ira) and have to pay with loosing their right hand, Attila in a metaphorically, Walther literally. (Haug 1991 p1216) However, the metaphor of loosing the hand is not played out in the earlier part of the epic and Haug’s reading might be arguable. Moreover, Attila rages as a consequence of loosing Walther and Hiltgund, while Walther looses because of raging.cf comment on 1388}}
|-
|[[Impatiensque]] [[sui]] [[capulum]] [[sine]] [[pondere]] [[ferri]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Impatiens sui'': “out of control,” cf. Ov.'' Met. ''13.3:'' impatiens irae.''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Quamlibet]] [[eximio]] [[praestaret]] [[et]] [[arte]] [[metallo]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Et arte metallo equiv. to arte et metallo''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Protinus]] [[abiecit]] [[monimentaque]] [[tristia]] [[sprevit]].
|1380
|{{Commentary|''Protinus equiv. to procul'' ''Monimenta equiv. to fragmenta''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]] [[dum1|dum]] [[forte]] [[manum]] [[iam]] [[enormiter]] [[exeruisset]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=iam enormiter}}
|
|-
|[[Abstulit]] [[hanc]] [[Hagano]] [[sat1|sat]] [[laetus]] [[vulnere]] [[prompto]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.394: ''caput Euandrius abstulit ensis.'' ‘Evander’s sword swept off your head.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[In]] [[medio]] [[iactus1|iactus]] [[recidebat1|recidebat]] [[dextera]] [[fortis]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Gentibus]] [[ac]] [[populis]] [[multis1|multis]] [[suspecta1|suspecta]], [[tyrannis]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Suspecta'': cf. note on line 1086.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Innumerabilibus]] [[quae4|quae]] [[fulserat]] [[ante]] [[trophaeis]].
|1385
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[vir]] [[praecipuus]] [[nec]] [[laevis]] [[cedere]] [[gnarus]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Laevis equiv. to adversis ''– but also a joke.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sana]] [[mente]] [[potens]] [[carnis]] [[superare]] [[dolores]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' 8.517: ''magnos superat virtute dolores. '' ‘He overcomes the great pain with fortitude.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Non]] [[desperavit]] [[neque]] [[vultus]] [[concidit]] [[eius2|eius]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Neque vultus concidit eius'': commentators have not noticed the long ending of ''vultus'', which makes taking it as the subject of ''concidit'' problematic.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Liber Genesis'' 4.5: ''iratusque est Cain vehementer et concidit vultus eius.'' ‘Cain was exceedingly angry, and his countenance fell.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''Non desperavit neque vultus concidit eius''' The comparison between Atilla and Walther as established by intertextuality in vers 1377 (cf. respective comment) faces its crucial shift. Walther is able to overcome his rage, for which he payed with his right hand. Walther manages even to continue the battle (as stated in 1386) and keeps a straight face while Attila fails in the inherently stated ideal of not showing emotions (385-8 "Sic intestinis rex fluctuat undique curis, // Et varium pectus vario simul ore imitatus, // Prodidit exterius, quicquid toleraverat intus, // Iraque sermonem permisit promere nullum." - The king is surging inwardly with warring cares. The changes in his face reflect his changing feelings; Outward, the man betrays his suffering within. His wrath permitted him to speak no words at all.) BK}}
|-
|[[Verum]] [[vulnigeram]] [[clipeo1|clipeo]] [[insertaverat]] [[ulnam]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 2.671-672.: ''clipeoque sinistram/insertabam aptans.'' ‘I was passing my left arm into the shield as I fit it on.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=clipeo insertaverat}}
|
|-
|[[Incolomique]] [[manu]] [[mox]] [[eripuit]] [[semispatam]],
|1390
|{{Commentary|''Semispatam…qua…memoravimus'': cf. line 337.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[qua2|Qua]] [[dextrum1|dextrum]] [[cinxisse]] [[latus]] [[memoravimus]] [[illum1|illum]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ilico]] [[vindictam]] [[capiens1|capiens]] [[ex]] [[hoste]] [[severam]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Hester'' 8.13: ''paratos esse Iudaeos ad capiendam vindictam de hostibus suis''. ‘The Jews were ready to be revenged of their enemies.
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[nam1|Nam]] [[feriens]] [[dextrum]] [[Haganoni]] [[effodit]] [[ocellum]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Regum IV'' 25.7:'' oculos eius effodit. '' ‘He put out his eyes.’ ''Aeineid'' 3.663:'' luminis effossi fluidum lavit inde cruorem.'' ‘He washed therein the oozing blood from his eye’s socket.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=Haganoni effodit|hiatus=dextrum Haganoni}}
|{{Comment| Hagen’s injuries resemble those he dreamed of before as in 627 “Me petit atque oculum cum dentibus eruit unum.” – “He attacked me and ouged my one eye out, with some of my teeth” – all battles are thereby framed by the dream prophecy and its fulfillment. Cf comment on 1364 BK}}
|-
|[[Ac]] [[timpus]] [[resecans]] [[pariterque]] [[labella]] [[revellens]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Timpus equiv. to tempus equiv. to malam''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[olli1|Olli]] [[bis]] [[ternos]] [[discussit]] [[ab]] [[ore1|ore]] [[molares]].
|1395
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1346|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** '''Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)'''
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
|
|[[Waltharius1396|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1376English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1376

2009-12-12T08:19:08Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395) */

===Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)===
{|
|-
|[[Belliger]] [[ut1|ut]] [[frameae]] [[murcatae]] [[fragmina]] [[vidit1|vidit]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Frameae murcatae equiv. to gladii mutilati''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''murcatae''' derives from the late Latin adjective 'murcus', 'murcare' appears also in Notger Gesta Karoli I, 32 and Vita S. Galli I,f - meaning appears to be to dismember or truncate body parts (Berschin 1968 pp25-6, Önnerfors 1988 pp25-7) Haug’s commentary suggests a comic meaning of a castrated or circumcised weapon (Haug 1991 p1215) BK}}
|-
|[[Indigne]] [[tulit]] [[ac]] [[nimia]] [[furit]] [[efferus]] [[ira]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Secundum Marcum'' 10.14: ''indigne tulit.'' ‘He was much displeased.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|{{Comment| '''nimia furit efferus ira''' Haug argues that the literal allusion to v380 ("nimia succenditur efferus ira") compares Walther to Attila, the two heroes fail into rage (ira) and have to pay with loosing their right hand, Attila in a metaphorically, Walther literally. (Haug 1991 p1216) However, the metaphor of loosing the hand is not played out in the earlier part of the epic and Haug’s reading might be arguable. Moreover, Attila rages as a consequence of loosing Walther and Hiltgund, while Walther looses because of raging.cf comment on 1388}}
|-
|[[Impatiensque]] [[sui]] [[capulum]] [[sine]] [[pondere]] [[ferri]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Impatiens sui'': “out of control,” cf. Ov.'' Met. ''13.3:'' impatiens irae.''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Quamlibet]] [[eximio]] [[praestaret]] [[et]] [[arte]] [[metallo]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Et arte metallo equiv. to arte et metallo''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Protinus]] [[abiecit]] [[monimentaque]] [[tristia]] [[sprevit]].
|1380
|{{Commentary|''Protinus equiv. to procul'' ''Monimenta equiv. to fragmenta''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]] [[dum1|dum]] [[forte]] [[manum]] [[iam]] [[enormiter]] [[exeruisset]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=iam enormiter}}
|
|-
|[[Abstulit]] [[hanc]] [[Hagano]] [[sat1|sat]] [[laetus]] [[vulnere]] [[prompto]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.394: ''caput Euandrius abstulit ensis.'' ‘Evander’s sword swept off your head.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[In]] [[medio]] [[iactus1|iactus]] [[recidebat1|recidebat]] [[dextera]] [[fortis]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Gentibus]] [[ac]] [[populis]] [[multis1|multis]] [[suspecta1|suspecta]], [[tyrannis]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Suspecta'': cf. note on line 1086.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Innumerabilibus]] [[quae4|quae]] [[fulserat]] [[ante]] [[trophaeis]].
|1385
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[vir]] [[praecipuus]] [[nec]] [[laevis]] [[cedere]] [[gnarus]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Laevis equiv. to adversis ''– but also a joke.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sana]] [[mente]] [[potens]] [[carnis]] [[superare]] [[dolores]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' 8.517: ''magnos superat virtute dolores. '' ‘He overcomes the great pain with fortitude.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Non]] [[desperavit]] [[neque]] [[vultus]] [[concidit]] [[eius2|eius]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Neque vultus concidit eius'': commentators have not noticed the long ending of ''vultus'', which makes taking it as the subject of ''concidit'' problematic.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Liber Genesis'' 4.5: ''iratusque est Cain vehementer et concidit vultus eius.'' ‘Cain was exceedingly angry, and his countenance fell.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''Non desperavit neque vultus concidit eius''' The comparison between Atilla and Walther as established by intertextuality in vers 1377 (cf. respective comment) faces its crucial shift. Walther is able to overcome his rage, for which he payed with his right hand. Walther manages even to continue the battle (as stated in 1386) and keeps a straight face while Attila fails in the inherently stated ideal of not showing emotions (385-8 "Sic intestinis rex fluctuat undique curis, // Et varium pectus vario simul ore imitatus, // Prodidit exterius, quicquid toleraverat intus, // Iraque sermonem permisit promere nullum." - The king is surging inwardly with warring cares. The changes in his face reflect his changing feelings; Outward, the man betrays his suffering within. His wrath permitted him to speak no words at all.) BK}}
|-
|[[Verum]] [[vulnigeram]] [[clipeo1|clipeo]] [[insertaverat]] [[ulnam]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 2.671-672.: ''clipeoque sinistram/insertabam aptans.'' ‘I was passing my left arm into the shield as I fit it on.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=clipeo insertaverat}}
|
|-
|[[Incolomique]] [[manu]] [[mox]] [[eripuit]] [[semispatam]],
|1390
|{{Commentary|''Semispatam…qua…memoravimus'': cf. line 337.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[qua2|Qua]] [[dextrum1|dextrum]] [[cinxisse]] [[latus]] [[memoravimus]] [[illum1|illum]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ilico]] [[vindictam]] [[capiens1|capiens]] [[ex]] [[hoste]] [[severam]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Hester'' 8.13: ''paratos esse Iudaeos ad capiendam vindictam de hostibus suis''. ‘The Jews were ready to be revenged of their enemies.
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[nam1|Nam]] [[feriens]] [[dextrum]] [[Haganoni]] [[effodit]] [[ocellum]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Regum IV'' 25.7:'' oculos eius effodit. '' ‘He put out his eyes.’ ''Aeineid'' 3.663:'' luminis effossi fluidum lavit inde cruorem.'' ‘He washed therein the oozing blood from his eye’s socket.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=Haganoni effodit|hiatus=dextrum Haganoni}}
|
|-
|[[Ac]] [[timpus]] [[resecans]] [[pariterque]] [[labella]] [[revellens]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Timpus equiv. to tempus equiv. to malam''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[olli1|Olli]] [[bis]] [[ternos]] [[discussit]] [[ab]] [[ore1|ore]] [[molares]].
|1395
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1346|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** '''Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)'''
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
|
|[[Waltharius1396|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1376English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1376

2009-12-12T07:56:15Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395) */

===Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)===
{|
|-
|[[Belliger]] [[ut1|ut]] [[frameae]] [[murcatae]] [[fragmina]] [[vidit1|vidit]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Frameae murcatae equiv. to gladii mutilati''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''murcatae''' derives from the late Latin adjective 'murcus', 'murcare' appears also in Notger Gesta Karoli I, 32 and Vita S. Galli I,f - meaning appears to be to dismember or truncate body parts (Berschin 1968 pp25-6, Önnerfors 1988 pp25-7) Haug’s commentary suggests a comic meaning of a castrated or circumcised weapon (Haug 1991 p1215) BK}}
|-
|[[Indigne]] [[tulit]] [[ac]] [[nimia]] [[furit]] [[efferus]] [[ira]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Secundum Marcum'' 10.14: ''indigne tulit.'' ‘He was much displeased.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|{{Comment| '''nimia furit efferus ira''' Haug argues that the literal allusion to v380 ("nimia succenditur efferus ira") compares Walther to Attila, the two heroes fail into rage (ira) and have to pay with loosing their right hand, Attila in a metaphorically, Walt literally. However, the metaphor of loosing the hand is not played out in the earlier part of the epic and Haug’s reading might be arguable. Moreover, Attila rages as a consequence of loosing Walther and Hiltgund, while Walther looses because of raging. It is interesting that Attila even fails in the inherent ideal of not showing emotions (vv385-8), while Walther manages even to continue the battle (as stated in 1386)}}
|-
|[[Impatiensque]] [[sui]] [[capulum]] [[sine]] [[pondere]] [[ferri]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Impatiens sui'': “out of control,” cf. Ov.'' Met. ''13.3:'' impatiens irae.''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Quamlibet]] [[eximio]] [[praestaret]] [[et]] [[arte]] [[metallo]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Et arte metallo equiv. to arte et metallo''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Protinus]] [[abiecit]] [[monimentaque]] [[tristia]] [[sprevit]].
|1380
|{{Commentary|''Protinus equiv. to procul'' ''Monimenta equiv. to fragmenta''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]] [[dum1|dum]] [[forte]] [[manum]] [[iam]] [[enormiter]] [[exeruisset]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=iam enormiter}}
|
|-
|[[Abstulit]] [[hanc]] [[Hagano]] [[sat1|sat]] [[laetus]] [[vulnere]] [[prompto]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.394: ''caput Euandrius abstulit ensis.'' ‘Evander’s sword swept off your head.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[In]] [[medio]] [[iactus1|iactus]] [[recidebat1|recidebat]] [[dextera]] [[fortis]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Gentibus]] [[ac]] [[populis]] [[multis1|multis]] [[suspecta1|suspecta]], [[tyrannis]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Suspecta'': cf. note on line 1086.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Innumerabilibus]] [[quae4|quae]] [[fulserat]] [[ante]] [[trophaeis]].
|1385
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[vir]] [[praecipuus]] [[nec]] [[laevis]] [[cedere]] [[gnarus]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Laevis equiv. to adversis ''– but also a joke.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sana]] [[mente]] [[potens]] [[carnis]] [[superare]] [[dolores]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' 8.517: ''magnos superat virtute dolores. '' ‘He overcomes the great pain with fortitude.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Non]] [[desperavit]] [[neque]] [[vultus]] [[concidit]] [[eius2|eius]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Neque vultus concidit eius'': commentators have not noticed the long ending of ''vultus'', which makes taking it as the subject of ''concidit'' problematic.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Liber Genesis'' 4.5: ''iratusque est Cain vehementer et concidit vultus eius.'' ‘Cain was exceedingly angry, and his countenance fell.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Verum]] [[vulnigeram]] [[clipeo1|clipeo]] [[insertaverat]] [[ulnam]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 2.671-672.: ''clipeoque sinistram/insertabam aptans.'' ‘I was passing my left arm into the shield as I fit it on.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=clipeo insertaverat}}
|
|-
|[[Incolomique]] [[manu]] [[mox]] [[eripuit]] [[semispatam]],
|1390
|{{Commentary|''Semispatam…qua…memoravimus'': cf. line 337.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[qua2|Qua]] [[dextrum1|dextrum]] [[cinxisse]] [[latus]] [[memoravimus]] [[illum1|illum]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ilico]] [[vindictam]] [[capiens1|capiens]] [[ex]] [[hoste]] [[severam]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Hester'' 8.13: ''paratos esse Iudaeos ad capiendam vindictam de hostibus suis''. ‘The Jews were ready to be revenged of their enemies.
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[nam1|Nam]] [[feriens]] [[dextrum]] [[Haganoni]] [[effodit]] [[ocellum]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Regum IV'' 25.7:'' oculos eius effodit. '' ‘He put out his eyes.’ ''Aeineid'' 3.663:'' luminis effossi fluidum lavit inde cruorem.'' ‘He washed therein the oozing blood from his eye’s socket.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=Haganoni effodit|hiatus=dextrum Haganoni}}
|
|-
|[[Ac]] [[timpus]] [[resecans]] [[pariterque]] [[labella]] [[revellens]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Timpus equiv. to tempus equiv. to malam''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[olli1|Olli]] [[bis]] [[ternos]] [[discussit]] [[ab]] [[ore1|ore]] [[molares]].
|1395
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1346|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** '''Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)'''
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
|
|[[Waltharius1396|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1376English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1376

2009-12-12T07:54:52Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395) */

===Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)===
{|
|-
|[[Belliger]] [[ut1|ut]] [[frameae]] [[murcatae]] [[fragmina]] [[vidit1|vidit]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Frameae murcatae equiv. to gladii mutilati''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''murcatae''' derives from the late Latin adjective 'murcus', 'murcare' appears also in Notger Gesta Karoli I, 32 and Vita S. Galli I,f - meaning appears to be to dismember or truncate body parts (Berschin 1968 pp25-6, Önnerfors 1988 pp25-7) Haug’s commentary suggests a comic meaning of a castrated or circumcised weapon (Haug 1991 p1215) BK}}
|-
|[[Indigne]] [[tulit]] [[ac]] [[nimia]] [[furit]] [[efferus]] [[ira]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Secundum Marcum'' 10.14: ''indigne tulit.'' ‘He was much displeased.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|{{Comment| '''nimia succenditur furit ira''' Haug argues that the literal allusion to v380 ("nimia succenditur efferus ira") compares Walther to Attila, the two heroes fail into rage (ira) and have to pay with loosing their right hand, Attila in a metaphorically, Walt literally. However, the metaphor of loosing the hand is not played out in the earlier part of the epic and Haug’s reading might be arguable. Moreover, Attila rages as a consequence of loosing Walther and Hiltgund, while Walther looses because of raging. It is interesting that Attila even fails in the inherent ideal of not showing emotions (vv385-8), while Walther manages even to continue the battle (as stated in 1386)}}
|-
|[[Impatiensque]] [[sui]] [[capulum]] [[sine]] [[pondere]] [[ferri]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Impatiens sui'': “out of control,” cf. Ov.'' Met. ''13.3:'' impatiens irae.''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Quamlibet]] [[eximio]] [[praestaret]] [[et]] [[arte]] [[metallo]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Et arte metallo equiv. to arte et metallo''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Protinus]] [[abiecit]] [[monimentaque]] [[tristia]] [[sprevit]].
|1380
|{{Commentary|''Protinus equiv. to procul'' ''Monimenta equiv. to fragmenta''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]] [[dum1|dum]] [[forte]] [[manum]] [[iam]] [[enormiter]] [[exeruisset]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=iam enormiter}}
|
|-
|[[Abstulit]] [[hanc]] [[Hagano]] [[sat1|sat]] [[laetus]] [[vulnere]] [[prompto]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.394: ''caput Euandrius abstulit ensis.'' ‘Evander’s sword swept off your head.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[In]] [[medio]] [[iactus1|iactus]] [[recidebat1|recidebat]] [[dextera]] [[fortis]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Gentibus]] [[ac]] [[populis]] [[multis1|multis]] [[suspecta1|suspecta]], [[tyrannis]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Suspecta'': cf. note on line 1086.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Innumerabilibus]] [[quae4|quae]] [[fulserat]] [[ante]] [[trophaeis]].
|1385
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[vir]] [[praecipuus]] [[nec]] [[laevis]] [[cedere]] [[gnarus]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Laevis equiv. to adversis ''– but also a joke.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sana]] [[mente]] [[potens]] [[carnis]] [[superare]] [[dolores]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' 8.517: ''magnos superat virtute dolores. '' ‘He overcomes the great pain with fortitude.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Non]] [[desperavit]] [[neque]] [[vultus]] [[concidit]] [[eius2|eius]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Neque vultus concidit eius'': commentators have not noticed the long ending of ''vultus'', which makes taking it as the subject of ''concidit'' problematic.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Liber Genesis'' 4.5: ''iratusque est Cain vehementer et concidit vultus eius.'' ‘Cain was exceedingly angry, and his countenance fell.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Verum]] [[vulnigeram]] [[clipeo1|clipeo]] [[insertaverat]] [[ulnam]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 2.671-672.: ''clipeoque sinistram/insertabam aptans.'' ‘I was passing my left arm into the shield as I fit it on.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=clipeo insertaverat}}
|
|-
|[[Incolomique]] [[manu]] [[mox]] [[eripuit]] [[semispatam]],
|1390
|{{Commentary|''Semispatam…qua…memoravimus'': cf. line 337.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[qua2|Qua]] [[dextrum1|dextrum]] [[cinxisse]] [[latus]] [[memoravimus]] [[illum1|illum]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ilico]] [[vindictam]] [[capiens1|capiens]] [[ex]] [[hoste]] [[severam]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Hester'' 8.13: ''paratos esse Iudaeos ad capiendam vindictam de hostibus suis''. ‘The Jews were ready to be revenged of their enemies.
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[nam1|Nam]] [[feriens]] [[dextrum]] [[Haganoni]] [[effodit]] [[ocellum]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Regum IV'' 25.7:'' oculos eius effodit. '' ‘He put out his eyes.’ ''Aeineid'' 3.663:'' luminis effossi fluidum lavit inde cruorem.'' ‘He washed therein the oozing blood from his eye’s socket.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=Haganoni effodit|hiatus=dextrum Haganoni}}
|
|-
|[[Ac]] [[timpus]] [[resecans]] [[pariterque]] [[labella]] [[revellens]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Timpus equiv. to tempus equiv. to malam''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[olli1|Olli]] [[bis]] [[ternos]] [[discussit]] [[ab]] [[ore1|ore]] [[molares]].
|1395
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1346|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** '''Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)'''
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
|
|[[Waltharius1396|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1376English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1376

2009-12-12T07:40:55Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395) */

===Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)===
{|
|-
|[[Belliger]] [[ut1|ut]] [[frameae]] [[murcatae]] [[fragmina]] [[vidit1|vidit]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Frameae murcatae equiv. to gladii mutilati''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''murcatae''' derives from the late Latin adjective 'murcus', 'murcare' appears also in Notger Gesta Karoli I, 32 and Vita S. Galli I,f - meaning appears to be to dismember or truncate body parts (Berschin 1968 pp25-6, Önnerfors 1988 pp25-7) Haug’s commentary suggests a comic meaning of a castrated or circumcised weapon (Haug 1991 p1215) BK}}
|-
|[[Indigne]] [[tulit]] [[ac]] [[nimia]] [[furit]] [[efferus]] [[ira]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Secundum Marcum'' 10.14: ''indigne tulit.'' ‘He was much displeased.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Impatiensque]] [[sui]] [[capulum]] [[sine]] [[pondere]] [[ferri]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Impatiens sui'': “out of control,” cf. Ov.'' Met. ''13.3:'' impatiens irae.''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Amlibet]] [[eximio]] [[praestaret]] [[et]] [[arte]] [[metallo]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Et arte metallo equiv. to arte et metallo''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Protinus]] [[abiecit]] [[monimentaque]] [[tristia]] [[sprevit]].
|1380
|{{Commentary|''Protinus equiv. to procul'' ''Monimenta equiv. to fragmenta''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]] [[dum1|dum]] [[forte]] [[manum]] [[iam]] [[enormiter]] [[exeruisset]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=iam enormiter}}
|
|-
|[[Abstulit]] [[hanc]] [[Hagano]] [[sat1|sat]] [[laetus]] [[vulnere]] [[prompto]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.394: ''caput Euandrius abstulit ensis.'' ‘Evander’s sword swept off your head.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[In]] [[medio]] [[iactus1|iactus]] [[recidebat1|recidebat]] [[dextera]] [[fortis]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Gentibus]] [[ac]] [[populis]] [[multis1|multis]] [[suspecta1|suspecta]], [[tyrannis]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Suspecta'': cf. note on line 1086.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Innumerabilibus]] [[quae4|quae]] [[fulserat]] [[ante]] [[trophaeis]].
|1385
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[vir]] [[praecipuus]] [[nec]] [[laevis]] [[cedere]] [[gnarus]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Laevis equiv. to adversis ''– but also a joke.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sana]] [[mente]] [[potens]] [[carnis]] [[superare]] [[dolores]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' 8.517: ''magnos superat virtute dolores. '' ‘He overcomes the great pain with fortitude.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Non]] [[desperavit]] [[neque]] [[vultus]] [[concidit]] [[eius2|eius]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Neque vultus concidit eius'': commentators have not noticed the long ending of ''vultus'', which makes taking it as the subject of ''concidit'' problematic.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Liber Genesis'' 4.5: ''iratusque est Cain vehementer et concidit vultus eius.'' ‘Cain was exceedingly angry, and his countenance fell.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Rum]] [[vulnigeram]] [[clipeo1|clipeo]] [[insertaverat]] [[ulnam]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 2.671-672.: ''clipeoque sinistram/insertabam aptans.'' ‘I was passing my left arm into the shield as I fit it on.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=clipeo insertaverat}}
|
|-
|[[Incolomique]] [[manu]] [[mox]] [[eripuit]] [[semispatam]],
|1390
|{{Commentary|''Semispatam…qua…memoravimus'': cf. line 337.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[qua2|Qua]] [[dextrum1|dextrum]] [[cinxisse]] [[latus]] [[memoravimus]] [[illum1|illum]],
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ilico]] [[vindictam]] [[capiens1|capiens]] [[ex]] [[hoste]] [[severam]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Hester'' 8.13: ''paratos esse Iudaeos ad capiendam vindictam de hostibus suis''. ‘The Jews were ready to be revenged of their enemies.
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[nam1|Nam]] [[feriens]] [[dextrum]] [[Haganoni]] [[effodit]] [[ocellum]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Regum IV'' 25.7:'' oculos eius effodit. '' ‘He put out his eyes.’ ''Aeineid'' 3.663:'' luminis effossi fluidum lavit inde cruorem.'' ‘He washed therein the oozing blood from his eye’s socket.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=Haganoni effodit|hiatus=dextrum Haganoni}}
|
|-
|[[Ac]] [[timpus]] [[resecans]] [[pariterque]] [[labella]] [[revellens]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Timpus equiv. to tempus equiv. to malam''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[olli1|Olli]] [[bis]] [[ternos]] [[discussit]] [[ab]] [[ore1|ore]] [[molares]].
|1395
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1346|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** '''Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)'''
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
|
|[[Waltharius1396|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1376English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1280

2009-12-12T07:19:19Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke:

===The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)===
{|
|-
|[[dixit1|Dixit]] [[et]] [[a]] [[tergo]] [[saltu]] [[se5|se]] [[iecit]] [[equino]],
|1280
|{{Commentary|Translate:'' Hoc et Guntharius fecit, nec segnior hoc fecit heros''
}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|[[hoc3|Hoc]] [[et]] [[Guntharius]] [[nec]] [[segnior]] [[egerat]] [[heros]]
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
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|[[Waltharius]], [[cuncti]] [[pedites]] [[bellare]] [[parati]].
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
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|[[Stabat]] [[quisque3|quisque]] [[ac]] [[venturo]] [[se5|se]] [[providus]] [[ictu]]
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 3.458: ''venturaque bella. . .'' ‘The wars to come. . .’
}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=quisque ac}}
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|[[Praestruxit]]: [[trepidant]] [[sub]] [[peltis]] [[Martia1|Martia]] [[membra1|membra]].
|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 7.182: ''martiaque. . .vulnera. . . '' ‘Wounds of war. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
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|[[hora1|Hora]] [[secunda]] [[fuit]], [[qua2|qua]] [[tres]] [[hi]] [[congrediuntur]],
|1285
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|{{Pictures|[[Image:Waltharius-Lines-1285-on.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
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|[[Adversus]] [[solum2|solum]] [[conspirant]] [[arma1|arma]] [[duorum]].
|
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
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|[[Primus]] [[maligeram]] [[collectis]] [[viribus]] [[hastam]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Maligeram'': a very disputed ''hapax legomenon''. Since the first ''a'' here is long, it should be equivalent to ''maliferam'', (“apple-bearing,” an adjective found in Virgil) serving to figuratively describe the wood from which the ''hastam'' is made; the manuscript variant ''maligenam'' would make this easier. Perhaps more likely is that the poet, disregarding vowel-length, coined the word to mean “bearing evil.”
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.52-53: ''iaculum attorquens emittit in auras,/ principium pugnae.'' ‘Whirling a javelin, he sends it skyward to start the battle.’ ''Georgics'' 3.235: ''ubi collectum robur viresque refectae. . . '' ‘When his power is mustered and his strength renewed. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
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|[[Direxit]] [[Hagano]] [[disrupta]] [[pace]]. [[sed1|sed]] [[illam]]
|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 10.401: ''validam derexerat hastam. '' ‘He had launched his strong spear.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
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|[[Turbine]] [[terribilem]] [[tanto]] [[et]] [[stridore]] [[volantem]]
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 12.267: ''sonitum dat stridula cornus.'' ‘The whistling cornel shaft sings.’ 11.863-864.: ''teli stridorem aurasque sonantis/ audiit. '' ‘He heard the whistling dart and whirring air.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS|elision=tanto et}}
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|[[Alpharides]] [[semet1|semet]] [[cernens]] [[tolerare]] [[nequire]]
|1290
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
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|[[Sollers]] [[obliqui]] [[delusit]] [[tegmine]] [[scuti]]:
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
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|[[nam1|Nam]] [[veniens]] [[clipeo1|clipeo]] [[sic]] [[est]] [[ceu]] [[marmore]] [[levi]]
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|{{Parallel|''Eclogue ''7.31: ''levi de marmore. . . '' ‘From polished marble. . .’ ''Aeneid'' 10.776-777.: ''stridentemque eminus hastam/ iecit. At illa volans clipeo est excussa proculque/ egregium Antoren latus inter et ilia figit. '' ‘He threw from far his whistling spear; as it flew, it glanced from the shield, and pierces noble Antores nearby between side and flank.’ 9.746: ''portaeque infigitur hasta. '' ‘The spear lodges in the gate.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
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|[[est_excussa|Excussa]] [[et]] [[collem]] [[vehementer]] [[sauciat]] [[usque]]
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|{{Parallel|''Eclogue ''7.31: ''levi de marmore. . . '' ‘From polished marble. . .’ ''Aeneid'' 10.776-777.: ''stridentemque eminus hastam/ iecit. At illa volans clipeo est excussa proculque/ egregium Antoren latus inter et ilia figit. '' ‘He threw from far his whistling spear; as it flew, it glanced from the shield, and pierces noble Antores nearby between side and flank.’ 9.746: ''portaeque infigitur hasta. '' ‘The spear lodges in the gate.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS|elision=excussa et}}
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|[[Ad]] [[clavos]] [[infixa]] [[solo]]. [[tunc]] [[pectore]] [[magno]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Ad clavos'': up to the nails that attached the metal point to the wooden shaft.'' ''
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.544-545.:'' senior telumque imbelle sine ictu/ coniecit, rauco quod protinus aere repulsum/ et summo clipei nequiquam umbone pependit. '' ‘The old man hurled his weak and harmless spear, which straight recoiled from the clanging brass and hung idly from the top of the shield’s boss.’ Statius, ''Thebaid ''9.533: ''pectore magno. . .'' ‘The mighty breast. . .’ ''Aeineid'' 4.448: ''magno. . .pectore.''
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
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|[[sed1|Sed]] [[modica]] [[vi]] [[fraxineum]] [[hastile]] [[superbus]]
|1295
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.544-545.:'' senior telumque imbelle sine ictu/ coniecit, rauco quod protinus aere repulsum/ et summo clipei nequiquam umbone pependit. '' ‘The old man hurled his weak and harmless spear, which straight recoiled from the clanging brass and hung idly from the top of the shield’s boss.’ Statius, ''Thebaid ''9.533: ''pectore magno. . .'' ‘The mighty breast. . .’ ''Aeineid'' 4.448: ''magno. . .pectore.''
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|hiatus=fraxineum hastile}}
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|[[Iecit]] [[Guntharius]], [[volitans]] [[quod5|quod]] [[adhaesit]] [[in]] [[ima]]
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
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|[[Waltharii]] [[parma]], [[quam2|quam]] [[mox]] [[dum1|dum]] [[concutit]] [[ipse1|ipse]],
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|[[Excidit]] [[ignavum]] [[de]] [[ligni]] [[vulnere]] [[ferrum1|ferrum]].
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|[[Omine]] [[quo2|quo]] [[maesti]] [[confuso]] [[pectore]] [[Franci1|Franci]]
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 7.146-147.: ''omine magno/ crateras laeti statuunt.'' ‘Cheered by the mighty omen, they set on the bowls.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Lines-1285-on.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|[[Mox]] [[stringunt]] [[acies]], [[dolor]] [[est conversus]] [[ad]] [[iras]],
|1300
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.594: ''quis indomitas tantus dolor excitat iras? '' ‘What resentment thus stirs ungovernable wrath?’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
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|[[Et]] [[tecti]] [[clipeis]] [[Aquitanum]] [[invadere]] [[certant]].
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 2.227: ''clipeique sub orbe teguntur.'' ‘They nestle under the circle of her shield.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Lines-1285-on.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=Aquitanum invadere}}
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|[[Strennuus]] [[ille4|ille]] [[tamen]] [[vi]] [[cuspidis]] [[expulit]] [[illos1|illos]]
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
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|[[Atque]] [[incursantes]] [[vultu]] [[terrebat]] [[et]] [[armis]].
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|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia'' 196: ''vultuque et voce minatur. '' ‘She menaces with look and speech.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=atque incursantes}}
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|[[hic1|Hic]] [[rex]] [[Guntharius]] [[coeptum]] [[meditatur]] [[ineptum]],
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
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|[[Scilicet]] [[ut1|ut]] [[iactam]] [[frustra]] [[terraeque]] [[relapsam]],
|1305
|{{Commentary|''Iactam…relapsam'': with'' hastam'', line 1307.
}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|[[Ante]] [[pedes1|pedes]] [[herois]] [[enim1|enim]] [[divulsa]] [[iacebat]] --,
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|{{PicturesCont}}
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|[[Accedens]] [[tacite]] [[furtim]] [[sustolleret]] [[hastam]],
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.546-547.: ''furtim/ sustulerat. '' ‘She had borne [him] secretly.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
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|[[Quandoquidem]] [[brevibus]] [[gladiorum]] [[denique]] [[telis]]
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|{{Commentary|''Brevibus gladiorum…telis'': “the short reaches of their swords”
}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
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|[[Armati]] [[nequeunt]] [[accedere]] [[comminus]] [[illi]],
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
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|[[qui3|Qui]] [[tam]] [[porrectum]] [[torquebat]] [[cuspidis]] [[ictum]].
|1310
|{{Commentary|''Cuspidis ictum equiv. to telum''
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 7.756: ''cuspidis ictum. . .'' ‘The stroke of the spearpoint. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
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|[[Innuit]] [[ergo]] [[oculis]] [[vassum]] [[praecedere]] [[suadens]],
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|{{Commentary|''Vassum'': “vassal,” i.e., Hagen. A word of Celtic derivation.
}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS|elision=ergo oculis}}
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|[[cuius1|Cuius]] [[defensu]] [[causam]] [[supplere]] [[valeret]].
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|{{Commentary|''Causam supplere valeret equiv. to ''[''rex'']'' rem perficere posset ''
}}
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
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|[[Nec]] [[mora]], [[progreditur]] [[Haganon]] [[ac]] [[provocat]] [[hostem]],
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|[[Rex]] [[quoque]] [[gemmatum]] [[vaginae]] [[condidit]] [[ensem]],
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|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia'' 105: ''condere vaginae gladium.'' ‘To sheathe the sword. . .’ Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' 13.392: ''letalem condidit ensem. '' ‘He plunged his fatal sword.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|[[Expediens]] [[dextram]] [[furto1|furto]] [[actutum]] [[faciendo]].
|1315
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 12.258: ''expediuntque manus. '' ‘They spread out their hands.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=furto actutum}}
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|[[sed1|Sed]] [[quid5|quid]] [[plura1|plura]]? [[manum]] [[pronus]] [[transmisit]] [[in]] [[hastam]]
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
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|[[Et]] [[iam]] [[comprensam]] [[sensim]] [[subtraxerat]] [[illam]]
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|{{Commentary|''Sensim subtraxerat'': here the adverb clearly shows that the pluperfect has been substituted for the imperfect ''metri causa''.
}}
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
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|[[Fortunae]] [[maiora1|maiora]] [[petens]]. [[sed1|sed]] [[maximus]] [[heros]],
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|{{Commentary|''Fortunae equiv. to a fortuna''
}}
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
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|[[Utpote]] [[qui3|qui]] [[bello]] [[semper]] [[sat1|sat]] [[providus]] [[esset]]
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|[[Aeter]] [[et]] [[unius]] [[punctum]] [[cautissimus]] [[horae]],
|1320
|{{Commentary|''Praeter…unius punctum…horae'': “except for one moment of time,” a foreshadowing of lines 1381 ff.
}}
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|[[hunc2|Hunc]] [[inclinari]] [[cernens]] [[persenserat]] [[actum1|actum]]
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
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|[[Nec]] [[tulit]], [[obstantem]] [[sed1|sed]] [[mox]] [[Haganona]] [[revellens]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Revellens equiv. to pellens''
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 8.256: ''non tulit Alcides. '' ‘Alcides did not tolerate this.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
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|[[Denique]] [[sublato]] [[qui3|qui]] [[divertebat]] [[ab]] [[ictu]],
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|{{Commentary|''Divertebat'': Hagen “was stepping back from.”
}}
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|[[Insilit]] [[et]] [[planta]] [[direptum]] [[hastile]] r[[et]]entat
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=direptum hastile}}
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|[[Ac]] [[regem]] [[furto]] [[captum]] [[sic]] [[increpitavit]],
|1325
|
|{{Parallel|: ''Aeineid'' 10.810: ''Lausum increpitat. '' ‘He chides Lausus.’ 5.431-432.: ''tarda trementi/ genua labant.'' ‘His slow knees totter and tremble.’ 12.905: ''genua labant, gelidus concrevit frigore sanguis. '' ‘His knees buckle, his blood is frozen cold.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
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|[[ut1|Ut]] [[iam]] [[perculso]] [[sub]] [[cuspide]] [[genva]] [[labarent]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Perculso sub cuspide equiv. to ''[''regi'']'' perculso quasi a cuspidis ictu''. (Much debated. ''Cuspis'' is a femine noun, but cf. line 857.) ''Genva equiv. to genua ''(synizesis)
}}
|{{Parallel|: ''Aeineid'' 10.810: ''Lausum increpitat. '' ‘He chides Lausus.’ 5.431-432.: ''tarda trementi/ genua labant.'' ‘His slow knees totter and tremble.’ 12.905: ''genua labant, gelidus concrevit frigore sanguis. '' ‘His knees buckle, his blood is frozen cold.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
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|[[quem1|Quem]] [[quoque]] [[continuo]] [[esurienti]] [[porgeret]] [[Orco]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Porgeret equiv. to porrexisset''
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 9.785: ''iuvenum primos tot miserit Orco? '' ‘Shall he send down to death so many of our noblest youths?’ 2.398: ''multos Danaum demittimus Orco. '' ‘Many a Greek we sent down to Orcus.’ Prudentius, ''Psychomachia ''501-502.: ''et fors innocuo tinxisset sanguine ferrum,/ ni Ratio armipotens. . .clipeum obiectasset et atrae/ hostis ab incursu claros texisset alumpnos. '' ‘And perchance she would have dippedher steel in their innocent blood, had not the mighty warrior Reason put her shield in the way and covered her famed foster-children from their deadly foe’s onslaught.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|elision=continuo esurienti}}
|
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|[[Ni]] [[Hagano]] [[armipotens]] [[citius1|citius]] [[succurreret]] [[atque]]
|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 9.785: ''iuvenum primos tot miserit Orco? '' ‘Shall he send down to death so many of our noblest youths?’ 2.398: ''multos Danaum demittimus Orco. '' ‘Many a Greek we sent down to Orcus.’ Prudentius, ''Psychomachia ''501-502.: ''et fors innocuo tinxisset sanguine ferrum,/ ni Ratio armipotens. . .clipeum obiectasset et atrae/ hostis ab incursu claros texisset alumpnos. '' ‘And perchance she would have dippedher steel in their innocent blood, had not the mighty warrior Reason put her shield in the way and covered her famed foster-children from their deadly foe’s onslaught.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|elision=Hagano armipotens|hiatus=ni Hagano}}
|
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|[[Obiecto]] [[dominum]] [[scuto]] [[muniret]] [[et]] [[hosti]]
|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 12.377: ''clipeo obiecto conversus in hostem/ ibat et auxilium ducto mucrone petebat. '' ‘He, with his shield before him, turned and was making for his foe, seeking aid from his drawn sword.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
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|[[Nudam]] [[aciem]] [[saevi]] [[mucronis]] [[in]] [[ora]] [[tulisset]].
|1330
|
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|elision=nudam aciem}}
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|[[Sic]], [[dum1|dum]] [[Waltharius]] [[vulnus]] [[cavet]], [[ille3|ille]] [[resurgit]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Ille'': Gunther
}}
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
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|[[Atque]] [[tremens]] [[studiusque]] [[stetit]], [[vix]] [[morte]] [[reversus]].
|
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|{{Parallel|''Actus Apostolorum'' 9.6: ''tremens ac stupens dixit. . .'' ‘He, trembling and astonished, said. . .’ Statius, ''Silvae ''5.1.172: ''media de morte reversa/ mens. . .'' ‘Her mind returning from the midst of death. . .
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|falsequantities=STUPIDUSQUE?}}
|
|-
|[[Nec]] [[mora]] [[nec]] [[requies]]: [[bellum1|bellum]] [[instauratur]] [[amarum]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 5.458; 12.553; ''Georgics'' 3.110: ''nec mora nec requies.'' ‘No rest, no stay is there.’ ''Aeineid'' 2.669-670.: ''sinite instaurata revisam/ proelia.'' ‘Let me seek again and renew the fights.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS|elision=bellum instauratur}}
|
|-
|[[Incurrunt]] [[hominem]] [[nunc]] [[ambo]] [[nunc]]que [[vicissim]];
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
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|[[Et]] [[dum]] [[progresso]] [[se5|se]] [[impenderet]] [[acrius]] [[uni]],
|1335
|{{Commentary|''Se impenderet'': Waltharius
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS|elision=se impenderet}}
|
|-
|[[En]] [[de]] [[parte]] [[alia]] [[subit]] [[alter]] [[et]] [[impedit]] [[ictum]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.339: ''post Helymus subit.'' ‘Behind comes Helymus.’ 10.877: ''subit obvius. '' ‘He moves forward to meet him.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS|elision=parte alia}}
|
|-
|[[Haud]] [[aliter]], [[Numidus]] [[quam]] [[dum1|dum]] [[venabitur]] [[ursus]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Venabitur'': present passive sense
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.714: ''haud aliter. . . '' ‘Just so. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Lines-1285-on.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''ursus''' Zwierlein suggests a parallel with Aen 10,707-18. In both cases an animal that is hunted by dogs serves as a comparison for a human hero. Vergil’s boar (aper) is turned into a numid bear (numidus ursus). (Zwierlein 2004 p538-9) Yet, there is little to none literal resemblance. Parallel to a Viennese dream codex of the 10th century (Vindob. Lat. 2723, fol. 130r) “Qui ursum se infestare vidit, inimici seditionem significat.” (If one has seen an attacking bear [in a dream], a battle with an enemy is signified.) Depending on the dating of the epic, the lunar might be either a source or reception. However, Zwierlein lists earlier examples of allegorical bible exegesis, where the bear figures as the devil’s ‘bestia rapacissima’, as savage military leader or as ‘potetstas saecularis’.” In Germanic dream tradition, enemies show as wolfs, while the hero figures as a bear. (Zwierlein 2004 pp542-3) Althof, in contrast, argues that the animal dream figures are driven by a Germanic dream tradition. Dreams in Vergil and other classic authors usually dream of human beings. Althof lists multiple examples of Germanic animal dreams (Althof 1905 vol2 pp190-1) Zwierlein lists counterexamples of animal allegories in classic sources, but is not able to create a direct link to the poem (Zwierlein 2004 p540) '''Numidus ... ursus''' 'ursos ... Numidas' appear in Juvenal 4.99-100. Geographic attributes such as African lions or Armenian tigers became popular for pure poetic purposes since the neoteric period. (Zwierlein 543, FN 119) Zwierlein claims that the Waltharius takes the ‘ursus numidus’ from a wide-spread medieval schoolbook Solin’s [[Collectanea rerum memorabilium]]. (Zwierlein 2004 p543) BK}}
|-
|[[Et]] [[canibus1|canibus]] [[circumdatus]] [[astat]] [[et]] [[artubus]] [[horret]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Artubus'': “paws”
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.714: ''haud aliter. . . '' ‘Just so. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Et]] [[caput]] [[occultans]] [[submurmurat]] [[ac]] [[propiantes]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Caput occultans'': “with head low” ''Propiantes equiv. to appropinquantes''
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Amplexans]] [[Umbros]] [[miserum]] [[mutire]] [[coartat]],
|1340
|{{Commentary|''Amplexans'': ironic sense ''Umbros'': hunting hounds from Umbria in Italy ''Miserum'': adverbial
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Lines-1285-on.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Tum]] [[rabidi]] [[circumlatrant]] [[hinc]] [[inde]] [[Molossi]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Molossi'': hunting hounds from Epirus
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 7.588: ''multis circum latrantibus undis. . . '' ‘Amid many howling waves. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Lines-1285-on.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Comminus]] [[ac]] [[dirae]] [[metuunt]] [[ac]]cedere [[belvae]] --,
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.712: ''nec cuiquam irasci propiusque accedere virtus. '' ‘No one is brave enough to rage or come near it.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Taliter]] [[in]] [[nonam]] [[conflictus1|conflictus]] [[fluxerat]] [[horam]],
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
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|[[Et]] [[triplex]] [[cunctis5|cunctis]] [[inerat]] [[maceratio]]: l[[et]]i
|
|{{Commentary|''Maceratio equiv. to tormentum, supplicium''
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Terror]], [[et]] [[ipse]] [[labor]] [[bellandi]], [[solis]] [[et]] [[ardor]].
|1345
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1237|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** '''The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)'''
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
|
|[[Waltharius1346|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1280English|English]]
|-
|}

Collectanea rerum memorabilium

2009-12-12T07:17:23Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke:

XXVI.1 Quod est a flumine Amsiga Numidiae datur. Huius incolae quamdiu errarunt pabulationibus uagabundis, Nomades dicti sunt. Vrbes in ea plurimae nobilesque, sed Cirta eminet; dein Chulli purpurario fuco Tyriis uelleribus comparata. 2 Omnis haec regio finibus in Zeugitanum limitem desinit. Qua parte siluestris est, feras educat, qua iugis ardua, equos alit. Eximio etiam marmore praedicatur.

3 Numidici ursi ceteris praestant rabie dumtaxat et uillis profundioribus; nam genitura par est quoque loco genitis. Eam protinus dixero. Coeunt non itidem quo quadrupedes aliae, sed apti amplexibus mutuis uelut humanis coniugationibus copulantur. 4 Desiderium ueneris hiems suscitat. Secreti honore reuerentur mares grauidas et in iisdem licet foueis, partitis tamen per scrobes secubationibus diuiduntur. Lucinae illis properatius tempus est; quippe uterum trigesimus dies liberat. Vnde euenit, ut praecipitata fecunditas informes creet partus: 5 carnes pauxillulas edunt, quibus color candidus, oculi nulli et de festina inmaturitate tantum rudis sanies, exceptis unguium lineamentis. Has lambendo sensim figurant et interdum adpectoratas fouent, ut assiduo incubitu calefactae animalem trahant spiritum. 6 Interea cibus nullus. sane diebus primis quattuordecim matres in somnum ita concidunt, ut nec uulneribus excitari queant. Enixae quaternis latent mensibus; mox egressae in diem liberum tantam patiuntur insolentiam lucis, ut putes obsitas caecitate. 7 Inualidum ursis caput, uis maxima in brachiis et in lumbis; unde interdum posticis pedibus insistunt. Insidiantur aluearibus apium, maxime fauos appetunt, nec auidius aliud quam mella captant. 8 Cum gustauere mandragorae mala, moriuntur; sed eunt obuiam, ne malum in perniciem conualescat et formicas uorant ad recuperandam sanitatem. 9 Si quando tauros adoriuntur, sciunt quibus potissimum partibus immorentur nec aliud quam cornua aut nares petunt; cornua ut pondere defetigent, nares, ut acrior dotor sit in loco teneriore. 10 M. Messalla consule L. Domitius Ahenobarbus curulis aedilis ursos Numidicos centum et totidem Aethiopas uenatores in circo Romano edidit, idque spectaculum inter memorabiles titulos adnotatur.

Source: [http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/solinus5.html Solin cap 26 in Mommsen (2nd ed)]

Collectanea rerum memorabilium

2009-12-12T07:11:27Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: Created page with '[http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/solinus3.html Solin cap 27 in Panckoucke (ed) 1847)] [http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/solinus5.html Solin cap 26 in Mommsen (2nd ed)]'

[http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/solinus3.html Solin cap 27 in Panckoucke (ed) 1847)]

[http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/solinus5.html Solin cap 26 in Mommsen (2nd ed)]

Waltharius1280

2009-12-12T07:08:58Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345

===The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)===
{|
|-
|[[dixit1|Dixit]] [[et]] [[a]] [[tergo]] [[saltu]] [[se5|se]] [[iecit]] [[equino]],
|1280
|{{Commentary|Translate:'' Hoc et Guntharius fecit, nec segnior hoc fecit heros''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[hoc3|Hoc]] [[et]] [[Guntharius]] [[nec]] [[segnior]] [[egerat]] [[heros]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Waltharius]], [[cuncti]] [[pedites]] [[bellare]] [[parati]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Stabat]] [[quisque3|quisque]] [[ac]] [[venturo]] [[se5|se]] [[providus]] [[ictu]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 3.458: ''venturaque bella. . .'' ‘The wars to come. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=quisque ac}}
|
|-
|[[Praestruxit]]: [[trepidant]] [[sub]] [[peltis]] [[Martia1|Martia]] [[membra1|membra]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 7.182: ''martiaque. . .vulnera. . . '' ‘Wounds of war. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[hora1|Hora]] [[secunda]] [[fuit]], [[qua2|qua]] [[tres]] [[hi]] [[congrediuntur]],
|1285
|
|
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Waltharius-Lines-1285-on.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
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|[[Adversus]] [[solum2|solum]] [[conspirant]] [[arma1|arma]] [[duorum]].
|
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
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|[[Primus]] [[maligeram]] [[collectis]] [[viribus]] [[hastam]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Maligeram'': a very disputed ''hapax legomenon''. Since the first ''a'' here is long, it should be equivalent to ''maliferam'', (“apple-bearing,” an adjective found in Virgil) serving to figuratively describe the wood from which the ''hastam'' is made; the manuscript variant ''maligenam'' would make this easier. Perhaps more likely is that the poet, disregarding vowel-length, coined the word to mean “bearing evil.”
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.52-53: ''iaculum attorquens emittit in auras,/ principium pugnae.'' ‘Whirling a javelin, he sends it skyward to start the battle.’ ''Georgics'' 3.235: ''ubi collectum robur viresque refectae. . . '' ‘When his power is mustered and his strength renewed. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Direxit]] [[Hagano]] [[disrupta]] [[pace]]. [[sed1|sed]] [[illam]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 10.401: ''validam derexerat hastam. '' ‘He had launched his strong spear.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Turbine]] [[terribilem]] [[tanto]] [[et]] [[stridore]] [[volantem]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 12.267: ''sonitum dat stridula cornus.'' ‘The whistling cornel shaft sings.’ 11.863-864.: ''teli stridorem aurasque sonantis/ audiit. '' ‘He heard the whistling dart and whirring air.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS|elision=tanto et}}
|
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|[[Alpharides]] [[semet1|semet]] [[cernens]] [[tolerare]] [[nequire]]
|1290
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Sollers]] [[obliqui]] [[delusit]] [[tegmine]] [[scuti]]:
|
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
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|[[nam1|Nam]] [[veniens]] [[clipeo1|clipeo]] [[sic]] [[est]] [[ceu]] [[marmore]] [[levi]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue ''7.31: ''levi de marmore. . . '' ‘From polished marble. . .’ ''Aeneid'' 10.776-777.: ''stridentemque eminus hastam/ iecit. At illa volans clipeo est excussa proculque/ egregium Antoren latus inter et ilia figit. '' ‘He threw from far his whistling spear; as it flew, it glanced from the shield, and pierces noble Antores nearby between side and flank.’ 9.746: ''portaeque infigitur hasta. '' ‘The spear lodges in the gate.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[est_excussa|Excussa]] [[et]] [[collem]] [[vehementer]] [[sauciat]] [[usque]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue ''7.31: ''levi de marmore. . . '' ‘From polished marble. . .’ ''Aeneid'' 10.776-777.: ''stridentemque eminus hastam/ iecit. At illa volans clipeo est excussa proculque/ egregium Antoren latus inter et ilia figit. '' ‘He threw from far his whistling spear; as it flew, it glanced from the shield, and pierces noble Antores nearby between side and flank.’ 9.746: ''portaeque infigitur hasta. '' ‘The spear lodges in the gate.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS|elision=excussa et}}
|
|-
|[[Ad]] [[clavos]] [[infixa]] [[solo]]. [[tunc]] [[pectore]] [[magno]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Ad clavos'': up to the nails that attached the metal point to the wooden shaft.'' ''
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.544-545.:'' senior telumque imbelle sine ictu/ coniecit, rauco quod protinus aere repulsum/ et summo clipei nequiquam umbone pependit. '' ‘The old man hurled his weak and harmless spear, which straight recoiled from the clanging brass and hung idly from the top of the shield’s boss.’ Statius, ''Thebaid ''9.533: ''pectore magno. . .'' ‘The mighty breast. . .’ ''Aeineid'' 4.448: ''magno. . .pectore.''
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[modica]] [[vi]] [[fraxineum]] [[hastile]] [[superbus]]
|1295
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.544-545.:'' senior telumque imbelle sine ictu/ coniecit, rauco quod protinus aere repulsum/ et summo clipei nequiquam umbone pependit. '' ‘The old man hurled his weak and harmless spear, which straight recoiled from the clanging brass and hung idly from the top of the shield’s boss.’ Statius, ''Thebaid ''9.533: ''pectore magno. . .'' ‘The mighty breast. . .’ ''Aeineid'' 4.448: ''magno. . .pectore.''
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|hiatus=fraxineum hastile}}
|
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|[[Iecit]] [[Guntharius]], [[volitans]] [[quod5|quod]] [[adhaesit]] [[in]] [[ima]]
|
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
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|[[Waltharii]] [[parma]], [[quam2|quam]] [[mox]] [[dum1|dum]] [[concutit]] [[ipse1|ipse]],
|
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|[[Excidit]] [[ignavum]] [[de]] [[ligni]] [[vulnere]] [[ferrum1|ferrum]].
|
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
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|[[Omine]] [[quo2|quo]] [[maesti]] [[confuso]] [[pectore]] [[Franci1|Franci]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 7.146-147.: ''omine magno/ crateras laeti statuunt.'' ‘Cheered by the mighty omen, they set on the bowls.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Lines-1285-on.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Mox]] [[stringunt]] [[acies]], [[dolor]] [[est conversus]] [[ad]] [[iras]],
|1300
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.594: ''quis indomitas tantus dolor excitat iras? '' ‘What resentment thus stirs ungovernable wrath?’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
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|[[Et]] [[tecti]] [[clipeis]] [[Aquitanum]] [[invadere]] [[certant]].
|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 2.227: ''clipeique sub orbe teguntur.'' ‘They nestle under the circle of her shield.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Lines-1285-on.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=Aquitanum invadere}}
|
|-
|[[Strennuus]] [[ille4|ille]] [[tamen]] [[vi]] [[cuspidis]] [[expulit]] [[illos1|illos]]
|
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|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
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|[[Atque]] [[incursantes]] [[vultu]] [[terrebat]] [[et]] [[armis]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia'' 196: ''vultuque et voce minatur. '' ‘She menaces with look and speech.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=atque incursantes}}
|
|-
|[[hic1|Hic]] [[rex]] [[Guntharius]] [[coeptum]] [[meditatur]] [[ineptum]],
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Scilicet]] [[ut1|ut]] [[iactam]] [[frustra]] [[terraeque]] [[relapsam]],
|1305
|{{Commentary|''Iactam…relapsam'': with'' hastam'', line 1307.
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ante]] [[pedes1|pedes]] [[herois]] [[enim1|enim]] [[divulsa]] [[iacebat]] --,
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Accedens]] [[tacite]] [[furtim]] [[sustolleret]] [[hastam]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.546-547.: ''furtim/ sustulerat. '' ‘She had borne [him] secretly.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Quandoquidem]] [[brevibus]] [[gladiorum]] [[denique]] [[telis]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Brevibus gladiorum…telis'': “the short reaches of their swords”
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Armati]] [[nequeunt]] [[accedere]] [[comminus]] [[illi]],
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]] [[tam]] [[porrectum]] [[torquebat]] [[cuspidis]] [[ictum]].
|1310
|{{Commentary|''Cuspidis ictum equiv. to telum''
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 7.756: ''cuspidis ictum. . .'' ‘The stroke of the spearpoint. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Innuit]] [[ergo]] [[oculis]] [[vassum]] [[praecedere]] [[suadens]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Vassum'': “vassal,” i.e., Hagen. A word of Celtic derivation.
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS|elision=ergo oculis}}
|
|-
|[[cuius1|Cuius]] [[defensu]] [[causam]] [[supplere]] [[valeret]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Causam supplere valeret equiv. to ''[''rex'']'' rem perficere posset ''
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Nec]] [[mora]], [[progreditur]] [[Haganon]] [[ac]] [[provocat]] [[hostem]],
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Rex]] [[quoque]] [[gemmatum]] [[vaginae]] [[condidit]] [[ensem]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia'' 105: ''condere vaginae gladium.'' ‘To sheathe the sword. . .’ Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' 13.392: ''letalem condidit ensem. '' ‘He plunged his fatal sword.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Expediens]] [[dextram]] [[furto1|furto]] [[actutum]] [[faciendo]].
|1315
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 12.258: ''expediuntque manus. '' ‘They spread out their hands.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=furto actutum}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[quid5|quid]] [[plura1|plura]]? [[manum]] [[pronus]] [[transmisit]] [[in]] [[hastam]]
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Et]] [[iam]] [[comprensam]] [[sensim]] [[subtraxerat]] [[illam]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Sensim subtraxerat'': here the adverb clearly shows that the pluperfect has been substituted for the imperfect ''metri causa''.
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Fortunae]] [[maiora1|maiora]] [[petens]]. [[sed1|sed]] [[maximus]] [[heros]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Fortunae equiv. to a fortuna''
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Utpote]] [[qui3|qui]] [[bello]] [[semper]] [[sat1|sat]] [[providus]] [[esset]]
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Aeter]] [[et]] [[unius]] [[punctum]] [[cautissimus]] [[horae]],
|1320
|{{Commentary|''Praeter…unius punctum…horae'': “except for one moment of time,” a foreshadowing of lines 1381 ff.
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[hunc2|Hunc]] [[inclinari]] [[cernens]] [[persenserat]] [[actum1|actum]]
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Nec]] [[tulit]], [[obstantem]] [[sed1|sed]] [[mox]] [[Haganona]] [[revellens]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Revellens equiv. to pellens''
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 8.256: ''non tulit Alcides. '' ‘Alcides did not tolerate this.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Denique]] [[sublato]] [[qui3|qui]] [[divertebat]] [[ab]] [[ictu]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Divertebat'': Hagen “was stepping back from.”
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Insilit]] [[et]] [[planta]] [[direptum]] [[hastile]] r[[et]]entat
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=direptum hastile}}
|
|-
|[[Ac]] [[regem]] [[furto]] [[captum]] [[sic]] [[increpitavit]],
|1325
|
|{{Parallel|: ''Aeineid'' 10.810: ''Lausum increpitat. '' ‘He chides Lausus.’ 5.431-432.: ''tarda trementi/ genua labant.'' ‘His slow knees totter and tremble.’ 12.905: ''genua labant, gelidus concrevit frigore sanguis. '' ‘His knees buckle, his blood is frozen cold.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[ut1|Ut]] [[iam]] [[perculso]] [[sub]] [[cuspide]] [[genva]] [[labarent]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Perculso sub cuspide equiv. to ''[''regi'']'' perculso quasi a cuspidis ictu''. (Much debated. ''Cuspis'' is a femine noun, but cf. line 857.) ''Genva equiv. to genua ''(synizesis)
}}
|{{Parallel|: ''Aeineid'' 10.810: ''Lausum increpitat. '' ‘He chides Lausus.’ 5.431-432.: ''tarda trementi/ genua labant.'' ‘His slow knees totter and tremble.’ 12.905: ''genua labant, gelidus concrevit frigore sanguis. '' ‘His knees buckle, his blood is frozen cold.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[quem1|Quem]] [[quoque]] [[continuo]] [[esurienti]] [[porgeret]] [[Orco]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Porgeret equiv. to porrexisset''
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 9.785: ''iuvenum primos tot miserit Orco? '' ‘Shall he send down to death so many of our noblest youths?’ 2.398: ''multos Danaum demittimus Orco. '' ‘Many a Greek we sent down to Orcus.’ Prudentius, ''Psychomachia ''501-502.: ''et fors innocuo tinxisset sanguine ferrum,/ ni Ratio armipotens. . .clipeum obiectasset et atrae/ hostis ab incursu claros texisset alumpnos. '' ‘And perchance she would have dippedher steel in their innocent blood, had not the mighty warrior Reason put her shield in the way and covered her famed foster-children from their deadly foe’s onslaught.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|elision=continuo esurienti}}
|
|-
|[[Ni]] [[Hagano]] [[armipotens]] [[citius1|citius]] [[succurreret]] [[atque]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 9.785: ''iuvenum primos tot miserit Orco? '' ‘Shall he send down to death so many of our noblest youths?’ 2.398: ''multos Danaum demittimus Orco. '' ‘Many a Greek we sent down to Orcus.’ Prudentius, ''Psychomachia ''501-502.: ''et fors innocuo tinxisset sanguine ferrum,/ ni Ratio armipotens. . .clipeum obiectasset et atrae/ hostis ab incursu claros texisset alumpnos. '' ‘And perchance she would have dippedher steel in their innocent blood, had not the mighty warrior Reason put her shield in the way and covered her famed foster-children from their deadly foe’s onslaught.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|elision=Hagano armipotens|hiatus=ni Hagano}}
|
|-
|[[Obiecto]] [[dominum]] [[scuto]] [[muniret]] [[et]] [[hosti]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 12.377: ''clipeo obiecto conversus in hostem/ ibat et auxilium ducto mucrone petebat. '' ‘He, with his shield before him, turned and was making for his foe, seeking aid from his drawn sword.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Nudam]] [[aciem]] [[saevi]] [[mucronis]] [[in]] [[ora]] [[tulisset]].
|1330
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|elision=nudam aciem}}
|
|-
|[[Sic]], [[dum1|dum]] [[Waltharius]] [[vulnus]] [[cavet]], [[ille3|ille]] [[resurgit]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Ille'': Gunther
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Atque]] [[tremens]] [[studiusque]] [[stetit]], [[vix]] [[morte]] [[reversus]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Actus Apostolorum'' 9.6: ''tremens ac stupens dixit. . .'' ‘He, trembling and astonished, said. . .’ Statius, ''Silvae ''5.1.172: ''media de morte reversa/ mens. . .'' ‘Her mind returning from the midst of death. . .
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|falsequantities=STUPIDUSQUE?}}
|
|-
|[[Nec]] [[mora]] [[nec]] [[requies]]: [[bellum1|bellum]] [[instauratur]] [[amarum]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 5.458; 12.553; ''Georgics'' 3.110: ''nec mora nec requies.'' ‘No rest, no stay is there.’ ''Aeineid'' 2.669-670.: ''sinite instaurata revisam/ proelia.'' ‘Let me seek again and renew the fights.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS|elision=bellum instauratur}}
|
|-
|[[Incurrunt]] [[hominem]] [[nunc]] [[ambo]] [[nunc]]que [[vicissim]];
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Et]] [[dum]] [[progresso]] [[se5|se]] [[impenderet]] [[acrius]] [[uni]],
|1335
|{{Commentary|''Se impenderet'': Waltharius
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS|elision=se impenderet}}
|
|-
|[[En]] [[de]] [[parte]] [[alia]] [[subit]] [[alter]] [[et]] [[impedit]] [[ictum]].
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.339: ''post Helymus subit.'' ‘Behind comes Helymus.’ 10.877: ''subit obvius. '' ‘He moves forward to meet him.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS|elision=parte alia}}
|
|-
|[[Haud]] [[aliter]], [[Numidus]] [[quam]] [[dum1|dum]] [[venabitur]] [[ursus]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Venabitur'': present passive sense
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.714: ''haud aliter. . . '' ‘Just so. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Lines-1285-on.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''ursus''' Zwierlein suggests a parallel with Aen 10,707-18. In both cases an animal that is hunted by dogs serves as a comparison for a human hero. Vergil’s boar (aper) is turned into a numid bear (numidus ursus). (Zwierlein 2004 p538-9) Yet, there is little to none literal resemblance. Parallel to a Viennese dream codex of the 10th century (Vindob. Lat. 2723, fol. 130r) “Qui ursum se infestare vidit, inimici seditionem significat.” (If one has seen an attacking bear [in a dream], a battle with an enemy is signified.) Depending on the dating of the epic, the lunar might be either a source or reception. However, Zwierlein lists earlier examples of allegorical bible exegesis, where the bear figures as the devil’s ‘bestia rapacissima’, as savage military leader or as ‘potetstas saecularis’.” In Germanic dream tradition, enemies show as wolfs, while the hero figures as a bear. (Zwierlein 2004 pp542-3) Althof, in contrast, argues that the animal dream figures are driven by a Germanic dream tradition. Dreams in Vergil and other classic authors usually dream of human beings. Althof lists multiple examples of Germanic animal dreams (Althof 1905 vol2 pp190-1) Zwierlein lists counterexamples of animal allegories in classic sources, but is not able to create a direct link to the poem (Zwierlein 2004 p540) '''Numidus ... ursus''' 'ursos ... Numidas' appear in Juvenal 4.99-100. Geographic attributes such as African lions or Armenian tigers became popular for pure poetic purposes since the neoteric period. (Zwierlein 543, FN 119) Zwierlein claims that the Waltharius takes the ‘ursus numidus’ from a wide-spread medieval schoolbook Solin’s [[Collectanea rerum memorabilium]]. (Zwierlein 2004 p543)}}
|-
|[[Et]] [[canibus1|canibus]] [[circumdatus]] [[astat]] [[et]] [[artubus]] [[horret]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Artubus'': “paws”
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.714: ''haud aliter. . . '' ‘Just so. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Et]] [[caput]] [[occultans]] [[submurmurat]] [[ac]] [[propiantes]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Caput occultans'': “with head low” ''Propiantes equiv. to appropinquantes''
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Amplexans]] [[Umbros]] [[miserum]] [[mutire]] [[coartat]],
|1340
|{{Commentary|''Amplexans'': ironic sense ''Umbros'': hunting hounds from Umbria in Italy ''Miserum'': adverbial
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Lines-1285-on.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Tum]] [[rabidi]] [[circumlatrant]] [[hinc]] [[inde]] [[Molossi]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Molossi'': hunting hounds from Epirus
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 7.588: ''multis circum latrantibus undis. . . '' ‘Amid many howling waves. . .’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Lines-1285-on.png
File:Europe500.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Comminus]] [[ac]] [[dirae]] [[metuunt]] [[ac]]cedere [[belvae]] --,
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.712: ''nec cuiquam irasci propiusque accedere virtus. '' ‘No one is brave enough to rage or come near it.’
}}
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Taliter]] [[in]] [[nonam]] [[conflictus1|conflictus]] [[fluxerat]] [[horam]],
|
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Et]] [[triplex]] [[cunctis5|cunctis]] [[inerat]] [[maceratio]]: l[[et]]i
|
|{{Commentary|''Maceratio equiv. to tormentum, supplicium''
}}
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Terror]], [[et]] [[ipse]] [[labor]] [[bellandi]], [[solis]] [[et]] [[ardor]].
|1345
|
|
|{{PicturesCont}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1237|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** '''The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)'''
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
|
|[[Waltharius1346|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1280English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1346

2009-12-12T06:16:06Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375) */

===Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)===
{|
|-
|[[interea1|Interea]] [[herois]] [[coepit1|coepit]] [[subrepere]] [[menti]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Deuteronomii ''15.9: ''cave ne forte subripiat tibi impia cogitatio.'' ‘Beware lest perhaps a wicked thought steal in upon thee.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=interea herois}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]]ddam, [[qui3|qui]] [[tacito1|tacito]] [[premit]] [[has]] [[sub]] [[corde]] [[loquelas]]:
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 4.332: ''curam sub corde premebat. '' ‘He smothered the pain deep within his heart.’ Statius, ''Thebaid'' 9.824: ''pressum tacito sub corde dolorem. . . '' ‘The grief that lay hidden in his silent breast. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Si]] [[Fortuna]] [[viam]] [[non]] [[commutaverit]], [[isti]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Vana]] [[fatigatum]] [[memet]] [[per]] [[ludicra]] [[fallent]].'
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ilico]] [[et]] [[elata]] [[Haganoni]] [[voce]] [[profatur1|profatur]]:
|1350
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=ilico et|hiatus=elata Haganoni}}
|
|-
|[[O]] [[paliure]], [[vires]] [[foliis]], [[ut1|ut]] [[pungere]] [[possis]];
|
|{{Commentary|''Paliure'': a play on Hagen’s name. ''Hagedorn'' is German for “hawthorn.” Cf. line 1421. ''Ut pungere possis'': i.e., and that is all.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.373: ''O Palinurus. ''
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''O paliure, vires foliis, ut pungere possis''' Crosslingual mocking of the thorny Hagen – see also the Faunus puns on Walther (Wald-Herr, i.e. lord of the woods) v769. Althof explains: Hagano a diminutive of two-parted names such as Hagimund, Hagibold, Haginold – the first part of these names could derive from different roots 1. OHG (i.e. Old High German) ‘Hag’ (modern German: Gehege, i.e. fenced domicile); 2. OHG ‘aki’ (fear, horror); 3. OHG ‘ekka’ (sword) – the adjective ‘haguna’ means nebulous or ghost-like. (Althof 1905 vol2 pp21-2) The author of the Waltharius puns on the first meaning of hedge (still in modern German Hagebutte, i.e. dog rose, rosa canina). Grimm dictionary gives as Latin equivalent of ‘hagen’ paliurus and ligna spinosa. The two exactly match the punning terms here. Moreover, ‘Hagedorn’ serves in Middle High German as mocking nickname, and even as name of one devil. [[Grimm Hagen and Hagedorn]] Morgan draws a line to a common practice in medieval letter writing : “When Alcuin writes to one of his most frequent correspondents, Bishop Arno, he can hardly forget that arno means ‘eagle’. Letter after letter is addressed to Aquila, and the joke becomes more and more complex. He calls the Bishop venerandus volucris – ‘venerable bird’, or again sublime volans – ‘ flying on high’ ; he brings in his own nickname, Cuculus, and whole paragraphs dissolve into a welter of bird-imagery, with eagles, cuckoos, swans, and larks, circling over the page.”(Morgan1986 p172) BK}}
|-
|[[tu1|Tu]] [[saltando]] [[iocans]] [[astu]] [[me1|me]] [[ludere]] [[temptas]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Astu'': not, as Wieland oddly has it, “foolishness,” but rather “cunning” – Waltharius claims that there is a method to Hagen’s “play.”
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[iam]] [[faxo]] [[locum]], [[propius]] [[ne]] [[accedere]] [[tardes]]:
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=ne accedere}}
|
|-
|[[Ecce]] [[tuas]] -- [[scio]], [[praegrandes]] -- [[ostendito]] [[vires1|vires]]!
|
|{{Commentary|''Scio equiv. to quas novi''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[me1|Me]] [[piget1|piget]] [[incassum]] [[tantos]] [[sufferre]] [[labores]].'
|1355
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 7.421: ''Turne, tot incassum fusos patiere labores?'' ‘Turnus, will you endure all these labours spend in vain?’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Dixit]] [[et]] [[exiliens]] [[contum]] [[contorsit]] [[in]] [[ipsum5|ipsum]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Ipsum'': Hagen
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.266: '' dixit, et adversos telum contorsit in hostis.'' ‘He spoke, and hurled his spear full against the foe.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]] [[pergens]] [[onerat]] [[clipeum1|clipeum]] [[dirimitque]] [[aliquantum]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 10.476-477.: ''illa volans umeri surgunt qua tegmina summa/ incidit, atque viam clipei molita per oras/ tandem etiam magno strinxit de corpore Turni. '' ‘On flies the shaft and strikes where the top of the mail rises to guard the shoulder; then, forcing a way through the shield’s rim, at last even grazed the mighty frame of Turnus.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS|elision=dirimitque aliquantum}}
|
|-
|[[Loricae]] [[ac]] [[magno]] [[modicum1|modicum]] [[de]] [[corpore]] [[stringit]];
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS|elision=loricae ac}}
|
|-
|[[Denique]] [[praecipuis]] [[praecinctus]] [[fulserat]] [[armis]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Fulserat'': perhaps a true pluperfect (''pace'' Beck), describing Hagen before the blow, in order to explain how it does him so little damage.
}}
|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia'' 454: ''gremio praecincta capaci. . .'' ‘Her robe arranged to make a capacious fold in front. . .’'' Aeneid'' 11.769: ''insignis longe Phrygiis fulgebat in armis''. ‘He glittered resplendent from farr off in his Phrygian armour.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[At]] [[vir]] [[Waltharius]] [[missa]] [[cum2|cum]] [[cuspide]] [[currens]]
|1360
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Evaginato]] [[regem]] [[importunior]] [[ense]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 10.474-475.: ''emittit viribus hastam/ vaginaque cava fulgentem deripit ensem.'' ‘She hurls his spear with all his strength and plucks his flashing sword from its hollow scabbard.’ ''Liber Regum I ''31.4: ''evagina gladium tuum. '' ‘Draw thy sword.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=regem importunior}}
|
|-
|[[Petit]] [[et]] [[scuto]] [[dextra]] [[de]] [[parte]] [[revulso1|revulso]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ictum]] [[praevalidum]] [[ac]] [[mirandum]] [[fecit]] [[eique1|eique]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS|elision=praevalidum ac}}
|
|-
|[[Crus]] [[cum2|cum]] [[poplite]] [[adusque]] [[femur]] [[decerpserat]] [[omne]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=poplite adusque}}
|{{Comment|'''Crus cum poplite adusque femur decerpserat omne''' Literal repetition of verse 625, i.e. Hagen’s dream vision. It seems to suggest that the dream vision found its realization in life. BK}}
|-
|[[ille3|Ille]] [[super1|super]] [[parmam]] [[ante]] [[pedes1|pedes]] [[mox]] [[concidit]] [[huius1|huius]].
|1365
|{{Commentary|''Pedes…huis'': i.e., of Waltharius
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=parmam ante}}
|
|-
|[[Palluit]] [[exanguis]] [[domino]] [[recidente]] [[satelles]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Satelles'': Hagen
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Alpharides]] [[spatam]] [[tollens]] [[iterato]] [[cruentam]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Spatam equiv. to ensem'' ''Iterato equiv. to iterum''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ardebat]] [[lapso]] [[postremum]] [[infligere]] [[vulnus]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=postremum infligere}}
|
|-
|[[Immemor]] [[at]] [[proprii]] [[Hagano]] [[vir]] [[forte]] [[doloris]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|hiatus=proprii Hagano}}
|
|-
|[[Aeratum]] [[caput]] [[inclinans]] [[obiecit]] [[ad]] [[ictum]].
|1370
|{{Commentary|''Aeratum'': i.e., wearing a helmet
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Extensam]] [[cohibere]] [[manum]] [[non]] [[quiverat]] [[heros]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia ''137-138.: ''vertitur ad capulum manus inproba et ense corusco/ conisa in plagam dextra sublimis ab aure/ erigitur mediumque ferit librata cerebrum./ aerea sed cocto cassis formata metallo/ tinnitum percussa refert aciemque retundit/ dura resultantem, frangit quoque vena rebellis/ inlisum chalybem, dum cedere nescia cassos/ excipit adsultus ferienti et tuta resistit./ ''''Ira, ubi truncati mucronis fragmina vidit/ et procul in partes ensem crepuisse minutas,/ iam capulum retinente manu sine pondere ferri,/ mentis inops ebur infelix decorisque pudendi/ perfida signa abicit monumentaque tristia longe/ spernit, et ad proprium succenditur effera letum.'' ‘She turns her ruthless hand to her sword-hilt, and, putting all its strength into a blow with the flashing blade, it rises high above her right ear and then, launching its stroke, smites her foe’s head in the very middle. But the helmet of forged bronze only resounds under the blow; the blade rebounds with blunted edge, so hard it is; the unyielding metal breaks the steel that smites it, unflinchingly receives the vain attack, and stands up to the striker without hurt. Seeing her blade shivered in pieces and how the sword has scattered away in rattling fragments while her hand still grasps the hilt after it has lost its weight of steel, Wrath is beside herself and casts away the luckless ivory that has been false to her, the token of honour turned to shame. Afar she flings that unwelcome reminder, and wild passion fires her to slay herself.’ ''Aeneid'' 12.740-741.: ''mucro glacies ceu futtilis ictu/ dissiluit, fulva resplendent fragmina harena. '' ‘The blade, like brittle ice, flew asunder at the stroke; the fragments glitter on the yellow sand.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[cassis]] [[fabrefacta]] [[diu]] [[meliusque]] [[peracta1|peracta]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Fabrefacta equiv. to a fabro facta''
}}
|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia ''137-138.: ''vertitur ad capulum manus inproba et ense corusco/ conisa in plagam dextra sublimis ab aure/ erigitur mediumque ferit librata cerebrum./ aerea sed cocto cassis formata metallo/ tinnitum percussa refert aciemque retundit/ dura resultantem, frangit quoque vena rebellis/ inlisum chalybem, dum cedere nescia cassos/ excipit adsultus ferienti et tuta resistit./ ''''Ira, ubi truncati mucronis fragmina vidit/ et procul in partes ensem crepuisse minutas,/ iam capulum retinente manu sine pondere ferri,/ mentis inops ebur infelix decorisque pudendi/ perfida signa abicit monumentaque tristia longe/ spernit, et ad proprium succenditur effera letum.'' ‘She turns her ruthless hand to her sword-hilt, and, putting all its strength into a blow with the flashing blade, it rises high above her right ear and then, launching its stroke, smites her foe’s head in the very middle. But the helmet of forged bronze only resounds under the blow; the blade rebounds with blunted edge, so hard it is; the unyielding metal breaks the steel that smites it, unflinchingly receives the vain attack, and stands up to the striker without hurt. Seeing her blade shivered in pieces and how the sword has scattered away in rattling fragments while her hand still grasps the hilt after it has lost its weight of steel, Wrath is beside herself and casts away the luckless ivory that has been false to her, the token of honour turned to shame. Afar she flings that unwelcome reminder, and wild passion fires her to slay herself.’ ''Aeneid'' 12.740-741.: ''mucro glacies ceu futtilis ictu/ dissiluit, fulva resplendent fragmina harena. '' ‘The blade, like brittle ice, flew asunder at the stroke; the fragments glitter on the yellow sand.’
}}
|{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Line-1372.png
File:Waltharius-Line-1372_1.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Excipit]] [[assultum]] [[mox]] [[et]] [[scintillat]] [[in]] [[altum]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[cuius2|Cuius]] [[duritia]] [[stupefactus1|stupefactus]] [[dissilit]] [[ensis]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Stupefactus…ensis'': personification
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|{{Comment|'''Cuius duritia stupefactus dissilit ensis, // Proh dolor! et crepitans partim micat aere et herbis''' The sword is considered to be a personification - grammatical subject. Cf. 835: "Intercepit et ignarum dimittere ferrum // Cogebat" - (He) parried and forced him to abandon the sword, which didn't expect this. BK}}
|-
|[[Proh]] [[dolor]]! [[et]] [[crepitans]] [[partim]] [[micat]] [[aere]] [[et]] [[herbis]].
|1375
|{{Commentary|''Partim micat aere et herbis'': i.e., the sword shatters; the pieces fly in different directions.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS|hiatus=NOT H-HIATUS aere et}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1280|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** '''Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)'''
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
|
|[[Waltharius1376|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1346English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1346

2009-12-12T06:08:00Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375) */

===Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)===
{|
|-
|[[interea1|Interea]] [[herois]] [[coepit1|coepit]] [[subrepere]] [[menti]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Deuteronomii ''15.9: ''cave ne forte subripiat tibi impia cogitatio.'' ‘Beware lest perhaps a wicked thought steal in upon thee.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=interea herois}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]]ddam, [[qui3|qui]] [[tacito1|tacito]] [[premit]] [[has]] [[sub]] [[corde]] [[loquelas]]:
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 4.332: ''curam sub corde premebat. '' ‘He smothered the pain deep within his heart.’ Statius, ''Thebaid'' 9.824: ''pressum tacito sub corde dolorem. . . '' ‘The grief that lay hidden in his silent breast. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Si]] [[Fortuna]] [[viam]] [[non]] [[commutaverit]], [[isti]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Vana]] [[fatigatum]] [[memet]] [[per]] [[ludicra]] [[fallent]].'
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ilico]] [[et]] [[elata]] [[Haganoni]] [[voce]] [[profatur1|profatur]]:
|1350
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=ilico et|hiatus=elata Haganoni}}
|
|-
|[[O]] [[paliure]], [[vires]] [[foliis]], [[ut1|ut]] [[pungere]] [[possis]];
|
|{{Commentary|''Paliure'': a play on Hagen’s name. ''Hagedorn'' is German for “hawthorn.” Cf. line 1421. ''Ut pungere possis'': i.e., and that is all.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.373: ''O Palinurus. ''
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
|{{Comment| '''O paliure, vires foliis, ut pungere possis''' Crosslingual mocking of the thorny Hagen – see also the Faunus puns on Walther (Wald-Herr, i.e. lord of the woods) v769. Althof explains: Hagano a diminutive of two-parted names such as Hagimund, Hagibold, Haginold – the first part of these names could derive from different roots 1. OHG (i.e. Old High German) ‘Hag’ (modern German: Gehege, i.e. fenced domicile); 2. OHG ‘aki’ (fear, horror); 3. OHG ‘ekka’ (sword) – the adjective ‘haguna’ means nebulous or ghost-like. (Althof 1905 vol2 pp21-2) The author of the Waltharius puns on the first meaning of hedge (still in modern German Hagebutte, i.e. dog rose, rosa canina). Grimm dictionary gives as Latin equivalent of ‘hagen’ paliurus and ligna spinosa. The two exactly match the punning terms here. Moreover, ‘Hagedorn’ serves in Middle High German as mocking nickname, and even as name of one devil. [[Grimm Hagen and Hagedorn]] Morgan draws a line to a common practice in medieval letter writing : “When Alcuin writes to one of his most frequent correspondents, Bishop Arno, he can hardly forget that arno means ‘eagle’. Letter after letter is addressed to Aquila, and the joke becomes more and more complex. He calls the Bishop venerandus volucris – ‘venerable bird’, or again sublime volans – ‘ flying on high’ ; he brings in his own nickname, Cuculus, and whole paragraphs dissolve into a welter of bird-imagery, with eagles, cuckoos, swans, and larks, circling over the page.”(Morgan1986 p172) }}
|-
|[[tu1|Tu]] [[saltando]] [[iocans]] [[astu]] [[me1|me]] [[ludere]] [[temptas]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Astu'': not, as Wieland oddly has it, “foolishness,” but rather “cunning” – Waltharius claims that there is a method to Hagen’s “play.”
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[iam]] [[faxo]] [[locum]], [[propius]] [[ne]] [[accedere]] [[tardes]]:
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=ne accedere}}
|
|-
|[[Ecce]] [[tuas]] -- [[scio]], [[praegrandes]] -- [[ostendito]] [[vires1|vires]]!
|
|{{Commentary|''Scio equiv. to quas novi''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[me1|Me]] [[piget1|piget]] [[incassum]] [[tantos]] [[sufferre]] [[labores]].'
|1355
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 7.421: ''Turne, tot incassum fusos patiere labores?'' ‘Turnus, will you endure all these labours spend in vain?’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Dixit]] [[et]] [[exiliens]] [[contum]] [[contorsit]] [[in]] [[ipsum5|ipsum]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Ipsum'': Hagen
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.266: '' dixit, et adversos telum contorsit in hostis.'' ‘He spoke, and hurled his spear full against the foe.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]] [[pergens]] [[onerat]] [[clipeum1|clipeum]] [[dirimitque]] [[aliquantum]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 10.476-477.: ''illa volans umeri surgunt qua tegmina summa/ incidit, atque viam clipei molita per oras/ tandem etiam magno strinxit de corpore Turni. '' ‘On flies the shaft and strikes where the top of the mail rises to guard the shoulder; then, forcing a way through the shield’s rim, at last even grazed the mighty frame of Turnus.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS|elision=dirimitque aliquantum}}
|
|-
|[[Loricae]] [[ac]] [[magno]] [[modicum1|modicum]] [[de]] [[corpore]] [[stringit]];
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS|elision=loricae ac}}
|
|-
|[[Denique]] [[praecipuis]] [[praecinctus]] [[fulserat]] [[armis]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Fulserat'': perhaps a true pluperfect (''pace'' Beck), describing Hagen before the blow, in order to explain how it does him so little damage.
}}
|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia'' 454: ''gremio praecincta capaci. . .'' ‘Her robe arranged to make a capacious fold in front. . .’'' Aeneid'' 11.769: ''insignis longe Phrygiis fulgebat in armis''. ‘He glittered resplendent from farr off in his Phrygian armour.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[At]] [[vir]] [[Waltharius]] [[missa]] [[cum2|cum]] [[cuspide]] [[currens]]
|1360
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Evaginato]] [[regem]] [[importunior]] [[ense]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 10.474-475.: ''emittit viribus hastam/ vaginaque cava fulgentem deripit ensem.'' ‘She hurls his spear with all his strength and plucks his flashing sword from its hollow scabbard.’ ''Liber Regum I ''31.4: ''evagina gladium tuum. '' ‘Draw thy sword.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=regem importunior}}
|
|-
|[[Petit]] [[et]] [[scuto]] [[dextra]] [[de]] [[parte]] [[revulso1|revulso]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ictum]] [[praevalidum]] [[ac]] [[mirandum]] [[fecit]] [[eique1|eique]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS|elision=praevalidum ac}}
|
|-
|[[Crus]] [[cum2|cum]] [[poplite]] [[adusque]] [[femur]] [[decerpserat]] [[omne]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=poplite adusque}}
|{{Comment|'''Crus cum poplite adusque femur decerpserat omne''' Literal repetition of verse 625, i.e. Hagen’s dream vision. It seems to suggest that the dream vision found its realization in life.}}
|-
|[[ille3|Ille]] [[super1|super]] [[parmam]] [[ante]] [[pedes1|pedes]] [[mox]] [[concidit]] [[huius1|huius]].
|1365
|{{Commentary|''Pedes…huis'': i.e., of Waltharius
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=parmam ante}}
|
|-
|[[Palluit]] [[exanguis]] [[domino]] [[recidente]] [[satelles]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Satelles'': Hagen
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Alpharides]] [[spatam]] [[tollens]] [[iterato]] [[cruentam]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Spatam equiv. to ensem'' ''Iterato equiv. to iterum''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ardebat]] [[lapso]] [[postremum]] [[infligere]] [[vulnus]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=postremum infligere}}
|
|-
|[[Immemor]] [[at]] [[proprii]] [[Hagano]] [[vir]] [[forte]] [[doloris]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|hiatus=proprii Hagano}}
|
|-
|[[Aeratum]] [[caput]] [[inclinans]] [[obiecit]] [[ad]] [[ictum]].
|1370
|{{Commentary|''Aeratum'': i.e., wearing a helmet
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Extensam]] [[cohibere]] [[manum]] [[non]] [[quiverat]] [[heros]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia ''137-138.: ''vertitur ad capulum manus inproba et ense corusco/ conisa in plagam dextra sublimis ab aure/ erigitur mediumque ferit librata cerebrum./ aerea sed cocto cassis formata metallo/ tinnitum percussa refert aciemque retundit/ dura resultantem, frangit quoque vena rebellis/ inlisum chalybem, dum cedere nescia cassos/ excipit adsultus ferienti et tuta resistit./ ''''Ira, ubi truncati mucronis fragmina vidit/ et procul in partes ensem crepuisse minutas,/ iam capulum retinente manu sine pondere ferri,/ mentis inops ebur infelix decorisque pudendi/ perfida signa abicit monumentaque tristia longe/ spernit, et ad proprium succenditur effera letum.'' ‘She turns her ruthless hand to her sword-hilt, and, putting all its strength into a blow with the flashing blade, it rises high above her right ear and then, launching its stroke, smites her foe’s head in the very middle. But the helmet of forged bronze only resounds under the blow; the blade rebounds with blunted edge, so hard it is; the unyielding metal breaks the steel that smites it, unflinchingly receives the vain attack, and stands up to the striker without hurt. Seeing her blade shivered in pieces and how the sword has scattered away in rattling fragments while her hand still grasps the hilt after it has lost its weight of steel, Wrath is beside herself and casts away the luckless ivory that has been false to her, the token of honour turned to shame. Afar she flings that unwelcome reminder, and wild passion fires her to slay herself.’ ''Aeneid'' 12.740-741.: ''mucro glacies ceu futtilis ictu/ dissiluit, fulva resplendent fragmina harena. '' ‘The blade, like brittle ice, flew asunder at the stroke; the fragments glitter on the yellow sand.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[cassis]] [[fabrefacta]] [[diu]] [[meliusque]] [[peracta1|peracta]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Fabrefacta equiv. to a fabro facta''
}}
|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia ''137-138.: ''vertitur ad capulum manus inproba et ense corusco/ conisa in plagam dextra sublimis ab aure/ erigitur mediumque ferit librata cerebrum./ aerea sed cocto cassis formata metallo/ tinnitum percussa refert aciemque retundit/ dura resultantem, frangit quoque vena rebellis/ inlisum chalybem, dum cedere nescia cassos/ excipit adsultus ferienti et tuta resistit./ ''''Ira, ubi truncati mucronis fragmina vidit/ et procul in partes ensem crepuisse minutas,/ iam capulum retinente manu sine pondere ferri,/ mentis inops ebur infelix decorisque pudendi/ perfida signa abicit monumentaque tristia longe/ spernit, et ad proprium succenditur effera letum.'' ‘She turns her ruthless hand to her sword-hilt, and, putting all its strength into a blow with the flashing blade, it rises high above her right ear and then, launching its stroke, smites her foe’s head in the very middle. But the helmet of forged bronze only resounds under the blow; the blade rebounds with blunted edge, so hard it is; the unyielding metal breaks the steel that smites it, unflinchingly receives the vain attack, and stands up to the striker without hurt. Seeing her blade shivered in pieces and how the sword has scattered away in rattling fragments while her hand still grasps the hilt after it has lost its weight of steel, Wrath is beside herself and casts away the luckless ivory that has been false to her, the token of honour turned to shame. Afar she flings that unwelcome reminder, and wild passion fires her to slay herself.’ ''Aeneid'' 12.740-741.: ''mucro glacies ceu futtilis ictu/ dissiluit, fulva resplendent fragmina harena. '' ‘The blade, like brittle ice, flew asunder at the stroke; the fragments glitter on the yellow sand.’
}}
|{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Line-1372.png
File:Waltharius-Line-1372_1.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Excipit]] [[assultum]] [[mox]] [[et]] [[scintillat]] [[in]] [[altum]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[cuius2|Cuius]] [[duritia]] [[stupefactus1|stupefactus]] [[dissilit]] [[ensis]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Stupefactus…ensis'': personification
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|{{Comment|'''Cuius duritia stupefactus dissilit ensis, // Proh dolor! et crepitans partim micat aere et herbis''' The sword is considered to be a personification grammatical subject. Cf. 835: "Intercepit et ignarum dimittere ferrum // Cogebat" - (He) parried and forced him to abandon the sword, which didn't expect this.}}
|-
|[[Proh]] [[dolor]]! [[et]] [[crepitans]] [[partim]] [[micat]] [[aere]] [[et]] [[herbis]].
|1375
|{{Commentary|''Partim micat aere et herbis'': i.e., the sword shatters; the pieces fly in different directions.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS|hiatus=NOT H-HIATUS aere et}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1280|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** '''Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)'''
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
|
|[[Waltharius1376|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1346English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1346

2009-12-12T05:50:54Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375) */

===Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)===
{|
|-
|[[interea1|Interea]] [[herois]] [[coepit1|coepit]] [[subrepere]] [[menti]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Deuteronomii ''15.9: ''cave ne forte subripiat tibi impia cogitatio.'' ‘Beware lest perhaps a wicked thought steal in upon thee.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=interea herois}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]]ddam, [[qui3|qui]] [[tacito1|tacito]] [[premit]] [[has]] [[sub]] [[corde]] [[loquelas]]:
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 4.332: ''curam sub corde premebat. '' ‘He smothered the pain deep within his heart.’ Statius, ''Thebaid'' 9.824: ''pressum tacito sub corde dolorem. . . '' ‘The grief that lay hidden in his silent breast. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Si]] [[Fortuna]] [[viam]] [[non]] [[commutaverit]], [[isti]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Vana]] [[fatigatum]] [[memet]] [[per]] [[ludicra]] [[fallent]].'
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ilico]] [[et]] [[elata]] [[Haganoni]] [[voce]] [[profatur1|profatur]]:
|1350
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=ilico et|hiatus=elata Haganoni}}
|
|-
|[[O]] [[paliure]], [[vires]] [[foliis]], [[ut1|ut]] [[pungere]] [[possis]];
|
|{{Commentary|''Paliure'': a play on Hagen’s name. ''Hagedorn'' is German for “hawthorn.” Cf. line 1421. ''Ut pungere possis'': i.e., and that is all.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.373: ''O Palinurus. ''
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
|
| {{Comment| '''O paliure, vires foliis, ut pungere possis''' Crosslingual mocking of the thorny Hagen – see also the Faunus puns on Walther (Wald-Herr, i.e. lord of the woods) v769. Althof explains: Hagano a diminutive of two-parted names such as Hagimund, Hagibold, Haginold – the first part of these names could derive from different roots 1. OHG (i.e. Old High German) ‘Hag’ (modern German: Gehege, i.e. fenced domicile); 2. OHG ‘aki’ (fear, horror); 3. OHG ‘ekka’ (sword) – the adjective ‘haguna’ means nebulous or ghost-like. (Althof 1905 vol2 pp21-2) The author of the Waltharius puns on the first meaning of hedge (still in modern German Hagebutte, i.e. dog rose, rosa canina). Grimm dictionary gives as Latin equivalent of ‘hagen’ paliurus and ligna spinosa. The two exactly match the punning terms here. Moreover, ‘Hagedorn’ serves in Middle High German as mocking nickname, and even as name of one devil. [[Grimm Hagen and Hagedorn]] Morgan draws a line to a common practice in medieval letter writing : “When Alcuin writes to one of his most frequent correspondents, Bishop Arno, he can hardly forget that arno means ‘eagle’. Letter after letter is addressed to Aquila, and the joke becomes more and more complex. He calls the Bishop venerandus volucris – ‘venerable bird’, or again sublime volans – ‘ flying on high’ ; he brings in his own nickname, Cuculus, and whole paragraphs dissolve into a welter of bird-imagery, with eagles, cuckoos, swans, and larks, circling over the page.”(Morgan1986 p172) }}
|-
|[[tu1|Tu]] [[saltando]] [[iocans]] [[astu]] [[me1|me]] [[ludere]] [[temptas]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Astu'': not, as Wieland oddly has it, “foolishness,” but rather “cunning” – Waltharius claims that there is a method to Hagen’s “play.”
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[iam]] [[faxo]] [[locum]], [[propius]] [[ne]] [[accedere]] [[tardes]]:
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=ne accedere}}
|
|-
|[[Ecce]] [[tuas]] -- [[scio]], [[praegrandes]] -- [[ostendito]] [[vires1|vires]]!
|
|{{Commentary|''Scio equiv. to quas novi''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[me1|Me]] [[piget1|piget]] [[incassum]] [[tantos]] [[sufferre]] [[labores]].'
|1355
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 7.421: ''Turne, tot incassum fusos patiere labores?'' ‘Turnus, will you endure all these labours spend in vain?’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Dixit]] [[et]] [[exiliens]] [[contum]] [[contorsit]] [[in]] [[ipsum5|ipsum]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Ipsum'': Hagen
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.266: '' dixit, et adversos telum contorsit in hostis.'' ‘He spoke, and hurled his spear full against the foe.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]] [[pergens]] [[onerat]] [[clipeum1|clipeum]] [[dirimitque]] [[aliquantum]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 10.476-477.: ''illa volans umeri surgunt qua tegmina summa/ incidit, atque viam clipei molita per oras/ tandem etiam magno strinxit de corpore Turni. '' ‘On flies the shaft and strikes where the top of the mail rises to guard the shoulder; then, forcing a way through the shield’s rim, at last even grazed the mighty frame of Turnus.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS|elision=dirimitque aliquantum}}
|
|-
|[[Loricae]] [[ac]] [[magno]] [[modicum1|modicum]] [[de]] [[corpore]] [[stringit]];
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS|elision=loricae ac}}
|
|-
|[[Denique]] [[praecipuis]] [[praecinctus]] [[fulserat]] [[armis]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Fulserat'': perhaps a true pluperfect (''pace'' Beck), describing Hagen before the blow, in order to explain how it does him so little damage.
}}
|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia'' 454: ''gremio praecincta capaci. . .'' ‘Her robe arranged to make a capacious fold in front. . .’'' Aeneid'' 11.769: ''insignis longe Phrygiis fulgebat in armis''. ‘He glittered resplendent from farr off in his Phrygian armour.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[At]] [[vir]] [[Waltharius]] [[missa]] [[cum2|cum]] [[cuspide]] [[currens]]
|1360
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Evaginato]] [[regem]] [[importunior]] [[ense]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 10.474-475.: ''emittit viribus hastam/ vaginaque cava fulgentem deripit ensem.'' ‘She hurls his spear with all his strength and plucks his flashing sword from its hollow scabbard.’ ''Liber Regum I ''31.4: ''evagina gladium tuum. '' ‘Draw thy sword.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=regem importunior}}
|
|-
|[[Petit]] [[et]] [[scuto]] [[dextra]] [[de]] [[parte]] [[revulso1|revulso]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ictum]] [[praevalidum]] [[ac]] [[mirandum]] [[fecit]] [[eique1|eique]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS|elision=praevalidum ac}}
|
|-
|[[Crus]] [[cum2|cum]] [[poplite]] [[adusque]] [[femur]] [[decerpserat]] [[omne]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=poplite adusque}}
|{{Comment|'''Crus cum poplite adusque femur decerpserat omne''' Literal repetition of verse 625, i.e. Hagen’s dream vision. It seems to suggest that the dream vision found its realization in life.}}
|-
|[[ille3|Ille]] [[super1|super]] [[parmam]] [[ante]] [[pedes1|pedes]] [[mox]] [[concidit]] [[huius1|huius]].
|1365
|{{Commentary|''Pedes…huis'': i.e., of Waltharius
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=parmam ante}}
|
|-
|[[Palluit]] [[exanguis]] [[domino]] [[recidente]] [[satelles]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Satelles'': Hagen
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Alpharides]] [[spatam]] [[tollens]] [[iterato]] [[cruentam]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Spatam equiv. to ensem'' ''Iterato equiv. to iterum''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ardebat]] [[lapso]] [[postremum]] [[infligere]] [[vulnus]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=postremum infligere}}
|
|-
|[[Immemor]] [[at]] [[proprii]] [[Hagano]] [[vir]] [[forte]] [[doloris]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|hiatus=proprii Hagano}}
|
|-
|[[Aeratum]] [[caput]] [[inclinans]] [[obiecit]] [[ad]] [[ictum]].
|1370
|{{Commentary|''Aeratum'': i.e., wearing a helmet
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Extensam]] [[cohibere]] [[manum]] [[non]] [[quiverat]] [[heros]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia ''137-138.: ''vertitur ad capulum manus inproba et ense corusco/ conisa in plagam dextra sublimis ab aure/ erigitur mediumque ferit librata cerebrum./ aerea sed cocto cassis formata metallo/ tinnitum percussa refert aciemque retundit/ dura resultantem, frangit quoque vena rebellis/ inlisum chalybem, dum cedere nescia cassos/ excipit adsultus ferienti et tuta resistit./ ''''Ira, ubi truncati mucronis fragmina vidit/ et procul in partes ensem crepuisse minutas,/ iam capulum retinente manu sine pondere ferri,/ mentis inops ebur infelix decorisque pudendi/ perfida signa abicit monumentaque tristia longe/ spernit, et ad proprium succenditur effera letum.'' ‘She turns her ruthless hand to her sword-hilt, and, putting all its strength into a blow with the flashing blade, it rises high above her right ear and then, launching its stroke, smites her foe’s head in the very middle. But the helmet of forged bronze only resounds under the blow; the blade rebounds with blunted edge, so hard it is; the unyielding metal breaks the steel that smites it, unflinchingly receives the vain attack, and stands up to the striker without hurt. Seeing her blade shivered in pieces and how the sword has scattered away in rattling fragments while her hand still grasps the hilt after it has lost its weight of steel, Wrath is beside herself and casts away the luckless ivory that has been false to her, the token of honour turned to shame. Afar she flings that unwelcome reminder, and wild passion fires her to slay herself.’ ''Aeneid'' 12.740-741.: ''mucro glacies ceu futtilis ictu/ dissiluit, fulva resplendent fragmina harena. '' ‘The blade, like brittle ice, flew asunder at the stroke; the fragments glitter on the yellow sand.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[cassis]] [[fabrefacta]] [[diu]] [[meliusque]] [[peracta1|peracta]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Fabrefacta equiv. to a fabro facta''
}}
|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia ''137-138.: ''vertitur ad capulum manus inproba et ense corusco/ conisa in plagam dextra sublimis ab aure/ erigitur mediumque ferit librata cerebrum./ aerea sed cocto cassis formata metallo/ tinnitum percussa refert aciemque retundit/ dura resultantem, frangit quoque vena rebellis/ inlisum chalybem, dum cedere nescia cassos/ excipit adsultus ferienti et tuta resistit./ ''''Ira, ubi truncati mucronis fragmina vidit/ et procul in partes ensem crepuisse minutas,/ iam capulum retinente manu sine pondere ferri,/ mentis inops ebur infelix decorisque pudendi/ perfida signa abicit monumentaque tristia longe/ spernit, et ad proprium succenditur effera letum.'' ‘She turns her ruthless hand to her sword-hilt, and, putting all its strength into a blow with the flashing blade, it rises high above her right ear and then, launching its stroke, smites her foe’s head in the very middle. But the helmet of forged bronze only resounds under the blow; the blade rebounds with blunted edge, so hard it is; the unyielding metal breaks the steel that smites it, unflinchingly receives the vain attack, and stands up to the striker without hurt. Seeing her blade shivered in pieces and how the sword has scattered away in rattling fragments while her hand still grasps the hilt after it has lost its weight of steel, Wrath is beside herself and casts away the luckless ivory that has been false to her, the token of honour turned to shame. Afar she flings that unwelcome reminder, and wild passion fires her to slay herself.’ ''Aeneid'' 12.740-741.: ''mucro glacies ceu futtilis ictu/ dissiluit, fulva resplendent fragmina harena. '' ‘The blade, like brittle ice, flew asunder at the stroke; the fragments glitter on the yellow sand.’
}}
|{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Line-1372.png
File:Waltharius-Line-1372_1.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Excipit]] [[assultum]] [[mox]] [[et]] [[scintillat]] [[in]] [[altum]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[cuius2|Cuius]] [[duritia]] [[stupefactus1|stupefactus]] [[dissilit]] [[ensis]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Stupefactus…ensis'': personification
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Proh]] [[dolor]]! [[et]] [[crepitans]] [[partim]] [[micat]] [[aere]] [[et]] [[herbis]].
|1375
|{{Commentary|''Partim micat aere et herbis'': i.e., the sword shatters; the pieces fly in different directions.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS|hiatus=NOT H-HIATUS aere et}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1280|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** '''Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)'''
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
|
|[[Waltharius1376|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1346English|English]]
|-
|}

Grimm Hagen and Hagedorn

2009-12-12T05:44:02Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: Created page with '[http://www.woerterbuchnetz.de/woerterbuecher/dwb/wbgui?lemid=GH00691 Lemma Hagedorn] [http://www.woerterbuchnetz.de/woerterbuecher/dwb/wbgui?lemid=GH00751 Lemma Hagen]'

[http://www.woerterbuchnetz.de/woerterbuecher/dwb/wbgui?lemid=GH00691 Lemma Hagedorn]

[http://www.woerterbuchnetz.de/woerterbuecher/dwb/wbgui?lemid=GH00751 Lemma Hagen]

Waltharius1346

2009-12-12T05:40:02Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: /* Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375) */

===Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)===
{|
|-
|[[interea1|Interea]] [[herois]] [[coepit1|coepit]] [[subrepere]] [[menti]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Liber Deuteronomii ''15.9: ''cave ne forte subripiat tibi impia cogitatio.'' ‘Beware lest perhaps a wicked thought steal in upon thee.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=interea herois}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]]ddam, [[qui3|qui]] [[tacito1|tacito]] [[premit]] [[has]] [[sub]] [[corde]] [[loquelas]]:
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 4.332: ''curam sub corde premebat. '' ‘He smothered the pain deep within his heart.’ Statius, ''Thebaid'' 9.824: ''pressum tacito sub corde dolorem. . . '' ‘The grief that lay hidden in his silent breast. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Si]] [[Fortuna]] [[viam]] [[non]] [[commutaverit]], [[isti]]
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Vana]] [[fatigatum]] [[memet]] [[per]] [[ludicra]] [[fallent]].'
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ilico]] [[et]] [[elata]] [[Haganoni]] [[voce]] [[profatur1|profatur]]:
|1350
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=ilico et|hiatus=elata Haganoni}}
|
|-
|[[O]] [[paliure]], [[vires]] [[foliis]], [[ut1|ut]] [[pungere]] [[possis]];
|
|{{Commentary|''Paliure'': a play on Hagen’s name. ''Hagedorn'' is German for “hawthorn.” Cf. line 1421. ''Ut pungere possis'': i.e., and that is all.
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.373: ''O Palinurus. ''
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
|
| {{Comment| '''O paliure, vires foliis, ut pungere possis''' Crosslingual mocking of the thorny Hagen – see also the Faunus puns on Walther (Wald-Herr, i.e. lord of the woods) v769. Althof explains: Hagano a diminutive of two-parted names such as Hagimund, Hagibold, Haginold – the first part of these names could derive from different roots 1. OHG (i.e. Old High German) ‘Hag’ (modern German: Gehege, i.e. fenced domicile); 2. OHG ‘aki’ (fear, horror); 3. OHG ‘ekka’ (sword) – the adjective ‘haguna’ means nebulous or ghost-like. (Althof 1905 vol2 pp21-2) The author of the Waltharius puns on the first meaning of hedge (still in modern German Hagebutte, i.e. dog rose, rosa canina). Grimm dictionary gives as Latin equivalent of ‘hagen’ paliurus and ligna spinosa. The two exactly match the punning terms here. Moreover, ‘Hagedorn’ serves in Middle High German as mocking nickname, and even as name of one devil. [[Grimm Hagen and Hagedorn]] Morgan draws a line to a common practice in medieval letter writing : “When Alcuin writes to one of his most frequent correspondents, Bishop Arno, he can hardly forget that arno means ‘eagle’. Letter after letter is addressed to Aquila, and the joke becomes more and more complex. He calls the Bishop venerandus volucris – ‘venerable bird’, or again sublime volans – ‘ flying on high’ ; he brings in his own nickname, Cuculus, and whole paragraphs dissolve into a welter of bird-imagery, with eagles, cuckoos, swans, and larks, circling over the page.”(Morgan1986 p172) }}
|-
|[[tu1|Tu]] [[saltando]] [[iocans]] [[astu]] [[me1|me]] [[ludere]] [[temptas]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Astu'': not, as Wieland oddly has it, “foolishness,” but rather “cunning” – Waltharius claims that there is a method to Hagen’s “play.”
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
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|[[sed1|Sed]] [[iam]] [[faxo]] [[locum]], [[propius]] [[ne]] [[accedere]] [[tardes]]:
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=ne accedere}}
|
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|[[Ecce]] [[tuas]] -- [[scio]], [[praegrandes]] -- [[ostendito]] [[vires1|vires]]!
|
|{{Commentary|''Scio equiv. to quas novi''
}}
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[me1|Me]] [[piget1|piget]] [[incassum]] [[tantos]] [[sufferre]] [[labores]].'
|1355
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 7.421: ''Turne, tot incassum fusos patiere labores?'' ‘Turnus, will you endure all these labours spend in vain?’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Dixit]] [[et]] [[exiliens]] [[contum]] [[contorsit]] [[in]] [[ipsum5|ipsum]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Ipsum'': Hagen
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.266: '' dixit, et adversos telum contorsit in hostis.'' ‘He spoke, and hurled his spear full against the foe.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[qui3|Qui]] [[pergens]] [[onerat]] [[clipeum1|clipeum]] [[dirimitque]] [[aliquantum]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 10.476-477.: ''illa volans umeri surgunt qua tegmina summa/ incidit, atque viam clipei molita per oras/ tandem etiam magno strinxit de corpore Turni. '' ‘On flies the shaft and strikes where the top of the mail rises to guard the shoulder; then, forcing a way through the shield’s rim, at last even grazed the mighty frame of Turnus.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS|elision=dirimitque aliquantum}}
|
|-
|[[Loricae]] [[ac]] [[magno]] [[modicum1|modicum]] [[de]] [[corpore]] [[stringit]];
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS|elision=loricae ac}}
|
|-
|[[Denique]] [[praecipuis]] [[praecinctus]] [[fulserat]] [[armis]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Fulserat'': perhaps a true pluperfect (''pace'' Beck), describing Hagen before the blow, in order to explain how it does him so little damage.
}}
|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia'' 454: ''gremio praecincta capaci. . .'' ‘Her robe arranged to make a capacious fold in front. . .’'' Aeneid'' 11.769: ''insignis longe Phrygiis fulgebat in armis''. ‘He glittered resplendent from farr off in his Phrygian armour.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[At]] [[vir]] [[Waltharius]] [[missa]] [[cum2|cum]] [[cuspide]] [[currens]]
|1360
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Evaginato]] [[regem]] [[importunior]] [[ense]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 10.474-475.: ''emittit viribus hastam/ vaginaque cava fulgentem deripit ensem.'' ‘She hurls his spear with all his strength and plucks his flashing sword from its hollow scabbard.’ ''Liber Regum I ''31.4: ''evagina gladium tuum. '' ‘Draw thy sword.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=regem importunior}}
|
|-
|[[Petit]] [[et]] [[scuto]] [[dextra]] [[de]] [[parte]] [[revulso1|revulso]]
|
|
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
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|[[Ictum]] [[praevalidum]] [[ac]] [[mirandum]] [[fecit]] [[eique1|eique]]
|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS|elision=praevalidum ac}}
|
|-
|[[Crus]] [[cum2|cum]] [[poplite]] [[adusque]] [[femur]] [[decerpserat]] [[omne]].
|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=poplite adusque}}
|
|-
|[[ille3|Ille]] [[super1|super]] [[parmam]] [[ante]] [[pedes1|pedes]] [[mox]] [[concidit]] [[huius1|huius]].
|1365
|{{Commentary|''Pedes…huis'': i.e., of Waltharius
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=parmam ante}}
|
|-
|[[Palluit]] [[exanguis]] [[domino]] [[recidente]] [[satelles]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Satelles'': Hagen
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Alpharides]] [[spatam]] [[tollens]] [[iterato]] [[cruentam]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Spatam equiv. to ensem'' ''Iterato equiv. to iterum''
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Ardebat]] [[lapso]] [[postremum]] [[infligere]] [[vulnus]].
|
|
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=postremum infligere}}
|
|-
|[[Immemor]] [[at]] [[proprii]] [[Hagano]] [[vir]] [[forte]] [[doloris]]
|
|
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|hiatus=proprii Hagano}}
|
|-
|[[Aeratum]] [[caput]] [[inclinans]] [[obiecit]] [[ad]] [[ictum]].
|1370
|{{Commentary|''Aeratum'': i.e., wearing a helmet
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Extensam]] [[cohibere]] [[manum]] [[non]] [[quiverat]] [[heros]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia ''137-138.: ''vertitur ad capulum manus inproba et ense corusco/ conisa in plagam dextra sublimis ab aure/ erigitur mediumque ferit librata cerebrum./ aerea sed cocto cassis formata metallo/ tinnitum percussa refert aciemque retundit/ dura resultantem, frangit quoque vena rebellis/ inlisum chalybem, dum cedere nescia cassos/ excipit adsultus ferienti et tuta resistit./ ''''Ira, ubi truncati mucronis fragmina vidit/ et procul in partes ensem crepuisse minutas,/ iam capulum retinente manu sine pondere ferri,/ mentis inops ebur infelix decorisque pudendi/ perfida signa abicit monumentaque tristia longe/ spernit, et ad proprium succenditur effera letum.'' ‘She turns her ruthless hand to her sword-hilt, and, putting all its strength into a blow with the flashing blade, it rises high above her right ear and then, launching its stroke, smites her foe’s head in the very middle. But the helmet of forged bronze only resounds under the blow; the blade rebounds with blunted edge, so hard it is; the unyielding metal breaks the steel that smites it, unflinchingly receives the vain attack, and stands up to the striker without hurt. Seeing her blade shivered in pieces and how the sword has scattered away in rattling fragments while her hand still grasps the hilt after it has lost its weight of steel, Wrath is beside herself and casts away the luckless ivory that has been false to her, the token of honour turned to shame. Afar she flings that unwelcome reminder, and wild passion fires her to slay herself.’ ''Aeneid'' 12.740-741.: ''mucro glacies ceu futtilis ictu/ dissiluit, fulva resplendent fragmina harena. '' ‘The blade, like brittle ice, flew asunder at the stroke; the fragments glitter on the yellow sand.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[sed1|Sed]] [[cassis]] [[fabrefacta]] [[diu]] [[meliusque]] [[peracta1|peracta]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Fabrefacta equiv. to a fabro facta''
}}
|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia ''137-138.: ''vertitur ad capulum manus inproba et ense corusco/ conisa in plagam dextra sublimis ab aure/ erigitur mediumque ferit librata cerebrum./ aerea sed cocto cassis formata metallo/ tinnitum percussa refert aciemque retundit/ dura resultantem, frangit quoque vena rebellis/ inlisum chalybem, dum cedere nescia cassos/ excipit adsultus ferienti et tuta resistit./ ''''Ira, ubi truncati mucronis fragmina vidit/ et procul in partes ensem crepuisse minutas,/ iam capulum retinente manu sine pondere ferri,/ mentis inops ebur infelix decorisque pudendi/ perfida signa abicit monumentaque tristia longe/ spernit, et ad proprium succenditur effera letum.'' ‘She turns her ruthless hand to her sword-hilt, and, putting all its strength into a blow with the flashing blade, it rises high above her right ear and then, launching its stroke, smites her foe’s head in the very middle. But the helmet of forged bronze only resounds under the blow; the blade rebounds with blunted edge, so hard it is; the unyielding metal breaks the steel that smites it, unflinchingly receives the vain attack, and stands up to the striker without hurt. Seeing her blade shivered in pieces and how the sword has scattered away in rattling fragments while her hand still grasps the hilt after it has lost its weight of steel, Wrath is beside herself and casts away the luckless ivory that has been false to her, the token of honour turned to shame. Afar she flings that unwelcome reminder, and wild passion fires her to slay herself.’ ''Aeneid'' 12.740-741.: ''mucro glacies ceu futtilis ictu/ dissiluit, fulva resplendent fragmina harena. '' ‘The blade, like brittle ice, flew asunder at the stroke; the fragments glitter on the yellow sand.’
}}
|{{Pictures|<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="2">
File:Waltharius-Line-1372.png
File:Waltharius-Line-1372_1.png
</gallery>}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Excipit]] [[assultum]] [[mox]] [[et]] [[scintillat]] [[in]] [[altum]].
|
|
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[cuius2|Cuius]] [[duritia]] [[stupefactus1|stupefactus]] [[dissilit]] [[ensis]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Stupefactus…ensis'': personification
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Proh]] [[dolor]]! [[et]] [[crepitans]] [[partim]] [[micat]] [[aere]] [[et]] [[herbis]].
|1375
|{{Commentary|''Partim micat aere et herbis'': i.e., the sword shatters; the pieces fly in different directions.
}}
|
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS|hiatus=NOT H-HIATUS aere et}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius1280|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** '''Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)'''
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
|
|[[Waltharius1376|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1346English|English]]
|-
|}

Waltharius1062

2009-11-24T00:43:41Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: decute link in line 1076 (brackets were wrong linked to preposition de

===Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)===
{|
|-
|[[his2|His]] [[rex]] [[infelix]] [[visis]] [[suspirat]] [[et]] [[omni1|omni]]
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 3.172: ''talibus attonitus visis. . . '' ‘Awed by this vision. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Aufugiens]] [[studio]] [[falerati]] [[terga]] [[caballi]]
|
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|{{Parallel|''Georgics'' 3.318: ''omni studio. . .'' ‘The more zealously. . .’ Prudentius, ''Psychomachia'' 195-196.: ''phaleratum/ circumflectit equum. '' ‘She circles round on her bedecked steed.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
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|[[Scandit]] [[et]] [[ad]] [[maestum]] [[citius]] [[Haganona]] [[volavit]]
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
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|[[Omnimodisque]] [[illum2|illum]] [[precibus]] [[flexisse]] [[sategit]],
|1065
|{{Commentary|''Flexisse sategit equiv. to flectere studuit''
}}
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 2.689: ''precibus si flecteris ullis. . .'' ‘If you are moved by any prayers. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=omnimodisque illum}}
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|-
|[[ut1|Ut]] [[secum]] [[pergens]] [[pugnam]] [[repararet]]. [[at]] [[ille3|ille]]:
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
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|[[me1|Me]] [[genus1|genus]] [[infandum]] [[prohibet]] [[bellare]] [[parentum]],
|
|{{Commentary|''Genus infandum'': in this speech Hagen sarcastically recalls the king’s insults about his father (cf. lines 629-631).
}}
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
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|[[Et]] [[gelidus]] [[sanguis]] [[mentem]] [[mihi]] [[ademit]] [[in]] [[armis]].
|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 3.30: ''gelidusque coit formidine sanguis. '' ‘My chilled blood freezes with terror.’ 3.259-260.: ''at sociis subita gelidus formidine sanguis/ deriguit. '' ‘But my comrades’ blood chilled and froze with sudden fear.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|elision=mihi ademit}}
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|[[Tabescebat]] [[enim]] [[genitor]], [[dum1|dum]] [[tela]] [[videret]],
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
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|[[Et]] [[timidus]] [[multis2|multis]] [[renuebat]] [[proelia]] [[verbis]]:
|1070
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
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|[[Haec]] [[dum1|dum]] [[iactasses]], [[rex1|rex]], [[inter]] [[te5|te]] [[comitantes]],
|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 1.102: ''talia iactanti. . .'' ‘As he flings forth such words. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
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|-
|[[Extitit]] [[indignum]] [[nostri2|nostri]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[quippe]] [[iuvamen]].'
|
|{{Commentary|''Nostri'': With ''iuvamen'', equivalent to ''nostrum''. Or perhaps with ''indignum'' (cf. Aen. 12.649: ''indignus avorum''); in the latter case ''tibi'' would have to be taken closely with ''iuvamen''.
}}
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
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|[[ille3|Ille]] [[recusanti]] [[precibus]] [[nihilominus]] [[instans]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Ille equiv. to rex''
}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
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|[[talibus1|Talibus]] [[aversum]] [[satagit]] [[revocare]] [[loquelis]]:
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
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|[[deprecor1|Deprecor]] [[ob]] [[superos]], [[conceptum]] [[pone]] [[furorem]].
|1075
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 4.501-502.: ''tantos mente furores/ concipit. '' ‘Her mind dreams not of such frenzy.’
}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
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|[[Iram]] [[de]] [[nostra]] [[contractam]] [[decute]] [[culpa]],
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
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|[[quam2|Quam]] [[vita]] [[comitante]], [[domum]] [[si]] [[venero]] [[tecum1|tecum]],
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
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|[[Impensis]] [[tibimet]] [[benefactis]] [[diluo]] [[multis1|multis]].
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
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|[[Nonne]] [[pudet]] [[sociis]] [[tot]] [[cognatisque]] [[peremptis]]
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
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|[[Dissimulare]] [[virum]]? [[magis]], [[ut1|ut]] [[mihi]] [[quippe]] [[videtur]],
|1080
|{{Commentary|''Dissimulare virum equiv. to simulare feminam''
}}
|{{Parallel|Ovid, ''Ars Amatoria'' 1.690: ''veste virum longa dissimulatus erat.'' ‘He had disguised his manhood in a woman’s robe.’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDDDS}}
|
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|[[verba1|Verba]] [[valent]] [[animum]] [[quam]] [[facta3|facta]] [[nefanda]] [[movere]].
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
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|[[Iustius]] [[in]] [[saevum]] [[tumuisses]] [[mente]] [[tyrannum]],
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
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|[[qui3|Qui]] [[solus]] [[hodie]] [[caput]] [[infamaverat]] [[orbis1|orbis]].
|
|{{Commentary|''Caput…orbis'': the poet alludes to the situation of his own time, the era of Charlemagne, when the Frankish kings really had such a status.
}}
|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
|
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|[[Non]] [[modicum]] [[patimur]] [[dammum]] [[de]] [[caede]] [[virorum]],
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 11.634: ''caede virorum. . .'' ‘With the slaughter of the riders. . .’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Dedecus]] [[at]] [[tantum]] [[superabit]] [[Francia]] [[numquam]].
|1085
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 10.681: ''ob tantum dedecus amens. . .'' ‘In madness because of disgrace so foul. . .’
}}
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
|
|-
|[[Antea]] [[quis4|quis]] [[fuimus]] [[suspecti]], [[sibila]] [[dantes]]
|
|{{Commentary|''Quis equiv. to quibus'' ''Suspecti'': “feared”
}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
|
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|[[Francorum]] [[dicent]] [[exercitus]] [[omnis1|omnis]] [[ab]] [[uno1|uno]],
|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.783-784.: ''unus homo et vestris, o cives, undique saeptus/ aggeribus tantas strages impune per urbem/ ediderit?'' ‘My countrymen, shall one man, hemmed in on every side by your ramparts, deal such carnage throughout the city and go unpunished?’
}}
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
|
|-
|[[Proh]] [[pudor]] [[ignotum]] [[vel]] [[quo5|quo]], [[est_necatus|est]] [[impune]] [[est_necatus|necatus]]!
|
|
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.783-784.: ''unus homo et vestris, o cives, undique saeptus/ aggeribus tantas strages impune per urbem/ ediderit?'' ‘My countrymen, shall one man, hemmed in on every side by your ramparts, deal such carnage throughout the city and go unpunished?’
 Prudentius, ''Psychomachia'' 353: ''pro pudor. . .'' ‘For shame!’
}}
|
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=quo est}}
|
|-
|}
<hr />

{|
|[[Waltharius981|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** '''Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)'''
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
|
|[[Waltharius1089|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1062English|English]]
|-
|}

De

2009-11-24T00:39:34Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke:

===''de''===
* Root: ''de''
* Dictionary form: ''de'' (preposition)
* [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=de&la=la Perseus]

De

2009-11-24T00:37:19Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: correction

===''decute''===
* Root: ''de, quatio''
* Dictionary form: ''decutio'' (verb)
* verb 2nd sg pres imperat act
* [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=de&la=la Perseus]

Suffudit

2009-11-23T23:17:22Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: created word page suffudit with perseus link

===''suffudit''===
* Root: ''fundo''
* Dictionary form: ''suffundo'' (verb)
* verb 3rd sg perf ind act
* [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=suffudit&la=la Perseus]

Resources

2009-11-22T03:00:38Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke:

* [[A Germanic Epic in Latin for Christians?]]
* {{pdf|Waltharius-Bibliography-2009-08-14.pdf|Bibliography}}
* {{pdf|Monumenta_Novaliciensia(p141).pdf|Chroniclep141}}

File:Monumenta Novaliciensia(p141).pdf

2009-11-22T02:54:56Z

Bjorn Kuhnicke: