Waltharius358

Ast urbis populus somno vinoque solutus		Urbis: the action temporarily shifts back to Attila’s capital.	Aeineid 9.189-190.: somno vinoque soluti/ procubuere, silent late loca. ‘Relaxed with wine and slumber, they lie prone; silence reigns far and wide.’ 9.236-237.: Rutuli somno vinoque sepulti/ conticuere. ‘Buried in sleep and wine, the Rutulians lie silent.’ Aeineid 2.265: urbem somno vinoque sepultam. . . ‘The city, buried in sleep and wine. . .’		SDSSDS
Ad medium lucis siluit recubando sequentis.		Lucis…sequentis equiv. to posteri diei			DSDDDS
Sed postquam surgunt, ductorem quique requirunt,	360	Quique equiv. to omnes			SSSSDS
Ut grates faciant ac festa laude salutent.					SDSSDS
Attila nempe manu caput amplexatus utraque		The description of Attila’s hangover is an example of the lighter, humorous touches that constitute one of the most distinctive aspects of the Waltharius as literature.			DDDSDS
Egreditur thalamo rex Walthariumque dolendo					DDSDDS
Advocat, ut proprium quereretur forte dolorem.					DDDSDS
Respondent ipsi se non potuisse ministri	365				SSSDDS
Invenisse virum, sed princeps sperat eundem					SDSSDS
Hactenus in somno tentum recubare quietum					DSSDDS
Occultumque locum sibi delegisse sopori.					SDDSDS
Ospirin Hiltgundem postquam cognovit abesse					DSSSDS
Nec iuxta morem vestes deferre suetum,	370		Liber Genesis 19.31: iuxta morem. . . ‘According to the manner. . .’		SSSSDS
Tristior immensis satrapae clamoribus inquit:			Aeineid 1.228-229.: tristior. . .adloquitur Venus. ‘Venus, saddened, spoke to him.’		DSDSDS
O detestendas, quas heri sumpsimus, escas!					SSSSDS False quantities: heri
O vinum, quod Pannonias destruxerat omnes!					SSDSDS
Quod domino regi iam dudum praescia dixi,			Aeneid 6.66: praescia venturi. . . ‘[You who] foreknow the future. . .’		DSSSDS
Approbat iste dies, quem nos superare nequimus.	375				DDSDDS
En hodie imperii vestri cecidisse columna					DDSDDS Elision: hodie imperii
Noscitur, en robur procul ivit et inclita virtus:			Statius, Thebaid 11.412: nusquam inclyta Virtus,/ restinxit Bellona faces, longeque paventes/ Mars rapuit currus. ‘Renowned Virtue was nowhere seen, Bellona put out her torches, Mars drove afar his affrighted chariot.’		DSDDDS
Waltharius lux Pannoniae discesserat inde,			Aeneid 2.281: O lux Dardaniae. . . ‘O light of the Dardan land. . .’		DSDSDS
Hiltgundem quoque mi caram deduxit alumnam.					SDSSDS

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Prologue Introduction: the Huns (1–12) The Huns (13–418) The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33) The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74) The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92) Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115) Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122) Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141) Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169) Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214) The Escape (215–418) Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255) Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286) Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323) Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357) The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379) Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418) The Single Combats (419–1061) Diplomacy (419–639) Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435) Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488) Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512) Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531) Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571) Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580) Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616) Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639) Combat (640–1061) 1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685) 2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719) Gunther encourages his men (720–724) 3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753) 4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780) 5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845) Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877) 6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913) 7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940) Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961) 8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981) Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061) The Final Combat (1062–1452) Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088) Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129) Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187) The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207) Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236) Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279) The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345) Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375) Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395) Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442) The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452) Epilogue (1453–1456)

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