Difference between revisions of "Waltharius781"

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===5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)===
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{|
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|-
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|[[Tunc]] [[a|a ]][[Gunthario]] [[clipeum1|clipeum]] [[sibi1|sibi]] [[postulat]] [[ipsum]]
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Clipeum sibi postulat ipsum'': i.e., the right to take the shield of Waltharius after defeating him in combat.
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}}
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 9.267-268.: ''si vero capere Italiam sceptrisque potirei/ contigerit victori et praedae dicere sortem,/ vidisti, quo Turnus equo, quibus ibat in armis/ aureus; ipsum illum, clipeum cristasque rubentis/ excipiam sorti, iam nunc tua praemia, Nise. '' ‘But if it is our lot to take Italy, to wield a victor’s sceptre and to assign the spoil, you have seen the horse that Turnus rode and the armour he wore, all gold--that same horse, the shield and the crimson plumes I will set apart from the lot, your reward, Nisus, even now.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
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|-
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|[[Quintus]] [[ab]] [[inflato]] [[Hadawardus]] [[pectore]] [[lusus]].
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|hiatus=inflato Hadawardus}}
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|-
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|[[qui3|Qui]] [[pergens]] [[hastam]] [[sociis1|sociis]] [[dimisit]] [[habendam]],
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 11.710-711.: ''tradit equum comiti paribusque resistit in armis/ ense pedes nudo. '' ‘She hands her horse over to a comrade and confronts him in equal arms, on foot, with naked sword.’ 3.329: ''Heleno transmisit habendam. '' ‘He passed me over to Helenus’ keeping.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Audax]] [[in]] [[solum1|solum]] [[confisus]] [[in]]aniter [[ensem]].
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.789: ''hic gladio fidens. . .'' ‘One trusting to his sword. . .’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Et]] [[dum1|dum]] [[conspiceret]] [[deiecta]] [[cadavera]] [[totam]]
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|785
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|
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Conclusisse]] [[viam]] [[nec]] [[equum]] [[transire]] [[valere]],
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|
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Dissiliens]] [[parat]] [[ire]] [[pedes]].  [[stetit]] [[acer]] [[in]] [[armis]]
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 10.453-454.: '' desiluit Turnus biiugis, pedes apparat ire/ comminus. '' ‘Down from his chariot leapt Turnus; he makes ready to close with the other on foot.’ 7.624:'' pars pedes ire parat.'' ‘Some make ready to go on foot.’ 12.938-939.: ''stetit acer in armis/ Aeneas.'' ‘Firece in his armour, Aeneas stood still.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDDDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Waltharius]] [[laudatque]] [[virum]], [[qui3|qui]] [[praebuit]] [[aequam]]
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 5.419: ''aequemus pugnas.'' ‘Let us make the battle even.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Pugnandi]] [[sortem]].  [[Hadawart]] [[tum]] [[dixit]] [[ad|ad ]][[illum2|illum]]:
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 5.419: ''aequemus pugnas.'' ‘Let us make the battle even.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS|hiatus=sortem Hadawart}}
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|
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|-
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|[[O]] [[versute]] [[dolis]] [[ac]] [[fraudis]] [[conscie]] [[serpens]]
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|790
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 8.393: ''sensit laeta dolis et formae conscia coniunx. '' ‘His consort knew it, rejoicing in her wiles and conscious of her beauty.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Occultare]] [[artus]] [[squamoso]] [[tegmine]] [[suetus]]
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Georgics ''2.153-154.: ''nec rapit immensos orbis per humum neque tanto/ squameus in spiram tractu se colligit anguis. '' ‘Nor yet, sweeping huge coils along the ground, does the scaly snake with his vast train wind himself into a spiral.’ Prudentius, ''Hamartigenia'' 423: ''squamosum thoraca gerens de pelle colubri.'' . . ‘Wearing a scaly breast-plate of snakeskin. . .’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=occultare artus}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Ac]] [[veluti]] [[coluber]] [[girum]] [[collectus]] [[in]] [[unum]]
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' 13.910: ''conlectus in unum. . .'' ‘Gathered into one. . .’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Tela]] [[tot]] [[evitas]] [[tenui]] [[sine]] [[vulneris]] [[ictu]]
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Ictu equiv. to vestigio. ''Alternatively, this could be an example of the rare ''genitivus inhaerentiae'', or synonymous genitive (cf. ''semita callis'' in line 1198).
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Atque]] [[venenatas]] [[ludis]] [[sine]] [[more]] [[sagittas]] --
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Sine more'': to be taken either as ''sine lege'' (“lawlessly, immoderately, uncontrollably”) or as ''sine exemplo'' (“without precedent, remarkably”); evidence for both interpretations can be drawn from the use of the phrase in the ''Aeneid''.
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}}
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.694: ''sine more furit. '' ‘It rages unrestrained.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Numquid]] [[et]] [[iste]] [[putas]] [[astu]] [[vitabitur]] [[ictus1|ictus]],
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|795
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.747: ''at non hoc telum, mea quod vi dextera versat,/ effugies, neque enim is teli nec vulneris auctor. '' ‘But you will not escape from this weapon that my right arm brandishes; for not such is the wielder of weapon and wound.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[quem1|Quem]] [[propius]] [[stantis]] [[certo]] [[libramine]] [[mittit]]
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 9.747: ''at non hoc telum, mea quod vi dextera versat,/ effugies, neque enim is teli nec vulneris auctor. '' ‘But you will not escape from this weapon that my right arm brandishes; for not such is the wielder of weapon and wound.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[dextra1|Dextra]] [[manus]]? [[neque]] [[enim1|enim]] [[is]] [[teli]] [[seu]] [[vulneris]] [[auctor]].
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Neque enim is teli seu vulneris auctor'': Various possibilities. (1) ''Is'' equiv. to the previous, defeated warrior. (2) Hadawart is still speaking of himself in the third-person. ''Is'' refers back to ''propius stantis'' and is equivalent to ''talis''; again a comparison with his predecessors is made. (3) ''Is'' equiv. to Hadawart; the point is that the real ''auctor'' is God, i.e., ''annuit coeptis''.
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}}
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS|elision=neque enim; enim is}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Audi]] [[consilium]], [[parmam]] [[deponito]] [[pictam]]:
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Liber Proverbiorum'' 19.20: ''audi consilium.'' ‘Hear counsel.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[hanc1|Hanc]] [[mea2|mea]] [[sors]] [[quaerit]], [[regis]] [[quoque]] [[sponsio]] [[praestat]];
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Nolo]] [[quidem]] [[laedas]], [[oculis1|oculis]] [[quia]] [[complacet]] [[istis2|istis]].
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|800
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|{{Commentary|''Laedas'': sc. ''parmam''<br />''Istis'' equiv. to ''meis''
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}}
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Sin]] [[alias]], [[licet]] [[et]] [[lucem]] [[mihi]] [[dempseris]] [[almam]],
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Sin alias equiv. to sin aliter res accidit''
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}}
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 1.306: ''lux alma. . .'' ‘Kindly light. . .’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Assunt]] [[hic1|hic]] [[plures1|plures]] [[socii]] [[carnisque]] [[propinqui1|propinqui]],
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[qui1|Qui]], [[quamvis1|quamvis]] [[volucrem]] [[simules]] [[pennasque]] [[capessas]],
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.891-892.: ''verte omnis tete in facies et contrahe quidquid/ sive animis sive arte vales; opta ardua pennis/ astra sequi. '' ‘Change yourself into all shapes, muster all your powers of courage or skill; wing your flight, if you will, to the stars aloft.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[te3|Te]] [[tamen]] [[immunem]] [[numquam]] [[patientur]] [[abire]].'
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Liber Iudith'' 12.11: ''inmunis transeat ab eo. . .'' ‘So as to pass free of him. . .’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Belliger]] [[at]] [[contra]] [[nil]] [[territus]] [[intulit]] [[ista1|ista]]:
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|805
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|
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[De]] [[reliquis1|reliquis]] [[taceo]], [[clipeum1|clipeum]] [[de]]fen[[de]]re [[curo]].
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 12.95-96.: ''nunc, o numquam frustrata vocatus/ hasta meos, nunc tempus adest.'' ‘Now, spear that never failed my call, now the hour is come!’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Pro]] [[meritis]], [[mihi]] [[crede]], [[bonis]] [[sum]] [[debitor]] [[illi]].
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.95-96.: ''nunc, o numquam frustrata vocatus/ hasta meos, nunc tempus adest.'' ‘Now, spear that never failed my call, now the hour is come!’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[hostibus1|Hostibus]] [[iste3|iste]] [[meis]] [[se5|se]] [[opponere]] [[saepe]] [[solebat]]
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.335: ''sese opposuit Salio. '' ‘He threw himself in the way of Salius.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS|elision=se opponere}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Et]] [[pro]] [[vulneribus]] [[suscepit]] [[vulnera]] [[nostris1|nostris]].
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Quam]] [[sit]] [[oportunus]] [[hodie]] [[mihi]], [[cernis]], [[et]] [[ipse2|ipse]]
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|810
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|{{Commentary|''Ipse equiv. to tu''
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}}
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Non]] [[cum2|cum]] [[Walthario]] [[loquereris]] [[forsan]], [[abesset]].
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Abesset'': sc. ''si clipeus''
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}}
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Viribus]] [[o]] [[summis]] [[hostem]] [[depellere]] [[cures]],
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|
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|{{Commentary|Waltharius now addresses his two hands in turn.
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}}
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 5.226: ''summis adnixus viribus urget.'' ‘He strives with all his might, pressing hard.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[dextera2|Dextera]], [[ne]] [[rapiat]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[propugnacula]] [[muri]]!
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.664: ''it clamor totis per propugnacula muris. '' ‘The shout runs from tower to tower, all along the walls.’ Prudentius, ''Hamartigenia'' 492: ''propugnacula muris. . .'' ‘The defenses of the walls.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[tu2|Tu]] [[clavum]] [[umbonis]] [[studeas]] [[retinere]], [[sinistra2|sinistra]],
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Clavum umbonis'': “the handle/grip of the shield”
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}}
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Atque]] [[ebori]] [[digitos]] [[circumfer]] [[glutine]] [[fixos]]!
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|815
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|{{Commentary|''Ebori equiv. to clavo'', made of ivory. Locative ablative.<br />''Glutine'': “[as if] with glue”
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}}
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Istic]] [[ne]] [[ponas]] [[pondus]], [[quod4|quod]] [[tanta1|tanta]] [[viarum]]
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|
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Portasti]] [[spatia]], [[ex]] [[Avarum]] [[nam1|nam]] [[sedibus]] [[altis]]!'
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 2.464-465.: ''altis/ sedibus. . .'' ‘From the lofty place. . .’
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}}
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|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=spatia ex}}
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|
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|-
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|[[ille2|Ille]] [[dehinc]]: '[[invitus]] [[agis]], [[si]] [[sponte]] [[recusas]].
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Invitus…sponte'': a paradoxical contrast, i.e., “you’re not doing what you actually want.”
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}}
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[solum3|Solum]] [[parmam]], [[sed1|sed]] [[equum]] [[cum2|cum]] [[virgine]] [[et]] [[auro]]
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS|elision= virgine et}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Reddes]]: [[tum]] [[demum]] [[scelerum]] [[cruciamina]] [[pendes]].'
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|820
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|
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSDDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Haec]] [[ait]] [[et]] [[notum]] [[vagina]] [[diripit]] [[ensem]].
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 10.475: ''vaginaque cava fulgentem deripit ensem. '' ‘He plucks his flashing sword from its hollow scabbard.’ 12.759: ''notumque efflagitat ensem. '' ‘He clamours for the sword he knows.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Inter]] [[se]] [[variis]] [[terrarum]] [[partibus]] [[orti]]
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 12.707-708.: ''stupet ipse Latinus/ ingentis, genitos diversis partibus orbis,/ inter se coiisse viros et cernere ferro. '' ‘Latinus himself is amazed that these mighty men, born in different parts of the world, have met together and are deciding the outcome with the sword.’ 12.713-714.: ''tum crebros ensibus ictus/ congeminant. '' ‘Then with the sword they redouble blow on blow.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Concurrunt]].  [[stupuit]] [[Vosegus]] [[haec]] [[fulmina]] [[et]] [[ictus]].
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Vosegus'': the landscape is personified as an observer.
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}}
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.707-708.: ''stupet ipse Latinus/ ingentis, genitos diversis partibus orbis,/ inter se coiisse viros et cernere ferro. '' ‘Latinus himself is amazed that these mighty men, born in different parts of the world, have met together and are deciding the outcome with the sword.’ 12.713-714.: ''tum crebros ensibus ictus/ congeminant. '' ‘Then with the sword they redouble blow on blow.’
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}}
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|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|elision=fulmina et}}
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|
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|-
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|[[olli3|Olli]] [[sublimes]] [[animis]] [[ac]] [[grandibus]] [[armis]],
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|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.788-789.: ''olli sublimes armis animisque refecti,/ hic gladio fidens, hic acer et arduus hasta. . . '' ‘At full height, in arms and heart renewed, one trusting to his sword, the other fiercely towering with his spear. . .’ 11.291: ''ambo insignes praestantibus armis . '' ‘Both were renowned for courage, both eminent in arms.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[hic2|Hic]] [[gladio]] [[fidens]], [[hic2|hic]] [[acer]] [[et]] [[arduus]] [[hasta]],
 +
|825
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.788-789.: ''olli sublimes armis animisque refecti,/ hic gladio fidens, hic acer et arduus hasta. . . '' ‘At full height, in arms and heart renewed, one trusting to his sword, the other fiercely towering with his spear. . .’ 11.291: ''ambo insignes praestantibus armis . '' ‘Both were renowned for courage, both eminent in arms.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Inter]] [[se4|se]] [[multa]] [[et]] [[valida]] [[vi]] [[proelia]] [[miscent]].
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.720: ''illi inter sese multa vi vulnera miscent''. ‘With mighty force they deal mutual wounds.’ ''Georgics ''3.220: ''illi alternantes multa vi proelia miscent. '' ‘In alternate onset they join battle with mighty force.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS|elision=multa et}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Non]] [[sic]] [[nigra]] [[sonat]] [[percussa]] [[securibus]] [[ilex]],
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.180: ''sonat icta securibus ilex. '' ‘The ilex rings to the stroke of the axe.’ 9.381: ''silva fuit late dumis atque ilice nigra. '' ‘The forest spread wide with thickets and dark ilex.’ ''Eclogue ''6.54: ''ilice sub nigra. . .'' ‘Under a dark ilex. . .’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[ut1|Ut]] [[dant]] [[tinnitus]] [[galeae1|galeae]] [[clipeique]] [[resultant]].
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.808-809.: ''strepit adsiduo cava tempora circum/ tinnitu galea. '' ‘Round his hollow temples the helmet echoes with ceaseless clash.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Mirantur]] [[Franci1|Franci]], [[quod3|quod]] [[non]] [[lassesceret]] [[heros]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Waltharius]], [[cui1|cui]] [[nulla]] [[quies]] [[spatiumve]] [[dabatur]].
 +
|830
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.696: ''spatiumque dedere.'' ‘They gave him room.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Emicat]] [[hic2|hic]] [[impune]] [[putans]] [[iam]] [[Wormatiensis]]
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Impune equiv. to se sine periculo facturum''
 +
}}
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 12.728-729.: ''emicit hic impune putans et corpore toto/ alte sublatum consurgit Turnus in ensem/ et ferit. . .at perfidus ensis/ frangitur in medioque ardentem deserit ictu. '' ‘Turnus springs forward, thinking it safe, he rises full height on his uplifted sword, and strikes. . .But the treacherous sword snaps, and in mid stroke fails its ardent lord.’
 +
}}
 +
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb|Worms]]}}
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Alte]] [[et]] [[sublato]] [[consurgit]] [[fervidus]] [[ense]],
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.728-729.: ''emicit hic impune putans et corpore toto/ alte sublatum consurgit Turnus in ensem/ et ferit. . .at perfidus ensis/ frangitur in medioque ardentem deserit ictu. '' ‘Turnus springs forward, thinking it safe, he rises full height on his uplifted sword, and strikes. . .But the treacherous sword snaps, and in mid stroke fails its ardent lord.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=alte et}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Hoc]] [[ictu]] [[memorans]] [[semet]] [[finire]] [[duellum]].
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Memorans'' equiv. to ''ratus''
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Providus]] [[at]] [[iuvenis]] [[ferientem]] [[cuspide]] [[adacta]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.431: ''viribus ensis adactus. . .'' ‘The sword, driven with force. . .’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|elision=cuspide adacta}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Intercepit]] [[et]] [[ignarum]] [[dimittere]] [[ferrum]]
 +
|835
 +
|{{Commentary|''Ignarum'': Hadawart; some take it with ''ferrum ''(cf. line 1298).
 +
}}
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.402: ''medius Rhoeteus intercipit''. ‘Rhoeteus intercepts [it] midway.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Cogebat]].  [[procul]] [[in]] [[dumis]] [[resplenduit]] [[ensis]].
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.741: ''fulva resplendent fragmina harena.'' ‘The fragments glitter on the yellow sand.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[hic2|Hic]] [[ubi]] [[se1|se]] [[gladio]] [[spoliatum]] [[vidit]] [[amico]],
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.733-734.: ''fugit ocior Euro/ ut capulum ignotum dextramque aspexit inermem. '' ‘Swifter than the East Wind he flies, as soon as he sees an unknown hilt in his defenceless hand.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Accelerare]] [[fugam]] [[fruticesque]] [[volebat]] [[adire]].
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.733-734.: ''fugit ocior Euro/ ut capulum ignotum dextramque aspexit inermem. '' ‘Swifter than the East Wind he flies, as soon as he sees an unknown hilt in his defenceless hand.’
 +
<br />''Aeneid'' 9.378: ''celerare fugam in silvas. '' ‘They speed their flight to the wood.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Alpharides]] [[fretus]] [[pedibus]] [[viridique]] [[iuventa]]
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Alpharides'': a Greek-style patronymic for Waltharius, whose father is Alphares.
 +
}}
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 5.430: ''ille pedum melior motu fretusque iuventa. . . '' ‘The one nimbler of foot and confident in his youth. . .’ 5.295: ''Euryalus forma insignis viridique iuventa. . .'' ‘Euryalus famed for beauty and flower of youth. . .’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Insequitur]] [[dicens1|dicens]]: '[[quonam]] [[fugis]]? [[accipe]] [[scutum]]!'
 +
|840
 +
|{{Commentary|''Quonam fugis'': perhaps a light touch; cf. Ov. ''Met''. 8.108.
 +
}}
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 5.430: ''ille pedum melior motu fretusque iuventa. . . '' ‘The one nimbler of foot and confident in his youth. . .’ 5.295: ''Euryalus forma insignis viridique iuventa. . .'' ‘Euryalus famed for beauty and flower of youth. . .’
 +
<br />''Aeneid'' 10.649: ''quo fugis, Aenea? thalamos ne desere pactos. '' ‘Where are you fleeing, Aeneas? Forsake not your plighted marriage.’ 12.359-360.: ''en agros et quam bello, Troiane, petisti,/ Hesperiam metire iacens. '' ‘See, Trojan, the fields and that Hesperia that you sought in war: lie there and measure them out!’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Sic]] [[ait]] [[atque]] [[hastam]] [[manibus]] [[levat]] [[ocius]] [[ambis]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 1.464: ''sic ait atque. . . '' ‘So he speaks, and. . .’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS|elision=H-ELISION: atque hastam}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Et]] [[ferit]].  [[ille]] [[cadit]], [[clipeus]] [[superintonat]] [[ingens1|ingens]].
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.709: ''clipeum super intonat ingens. '' ‘The huge shield thunders over him.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Nec]] [[tardat]] [[iuvenis]]: [[pede1|pede]] [[collum]] [[pressit]] [[et]] [[hasta]]
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Hasta'': ablative of means with ''infixerat'' in the next line
 +
}}
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.356-357.: ''pede collo/ impresso dextrae mucronem extorquet et alto/ fulgentem tingit iugulo.'' ‘Planting his foot on his neck, he wrests the sword from his hand and dyes the glittering blade deep in his throat.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Divellens]] [[parmam]] [[telluri]] [[infixerat]] [[illum2|illum]].
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=telluri infixerat}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[ipse2|Ipse]] [[oculos]] [[vertens]] [[animam]] [[sufflavit]] [[in]] [[auram]].
 +
|845
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 8.438: ''Gorgona desecto vertentem lumina collo. ''. . ‘The Gorgon herself, with neck severed and eyes revolving. . .’ Ovid, ''Metamorphoses ''6.247: ''lumina versarunt, animam simul exhalarunt.'' ‘They moved their dying eyes and together they breathed their last.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=ipse oculos}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|}
 
<hr />
 
<hr />
  
Line 4: Line 593:
 
|[[Waltharius754|« previous]]
 
|[[Waltharius754|« previous]]
 
|{{Outline|
 
|{{Outline|
−
* Prologue
+
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
−
* Introduction: the Huns (1–12)
+
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
 
* The Huns (13–418)
 
* The Huns (13–418)
−
** The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)
+
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
−
** The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)
+
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
−
** The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)
+
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
−
** Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)
+
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
−
** Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)
+
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
−
** Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)
+
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
−
** Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)
+
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
−
** Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)
+
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
 
** The Escape (215–418)
 
** The Escape (215–418)
−
*** Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)
+
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
−
*** Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)
+
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
−
*** Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)
+
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
−
*** Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)
+
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
−
*** The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)
+
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
−
*** Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)
+
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
 
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
 
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
 
** Diplomacy (419–639)
 
** Diplomacy (419–639)
−
*** Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)
+
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
−
*** Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)
+
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
−
*** Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)
+
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
−
*** Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)
+
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
−
*** Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)
+
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
−
*** Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)
+
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
−
*** Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)
+
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
−
*** Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)
+
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
 
** Combat (640–1061)
 
** Combat (640–1061)
−
*** 1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)
+
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
−
*** 2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)
+
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
−
*** Gunther encourages his men (720–724)
+
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
−
*** 3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)
+
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
−
*** 4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)
+
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
 
*** '''5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)'''
 
*** '''5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)'''
−
*** Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)
+
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
−
*** 6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)
+
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
−
*** 7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)
+
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
−
*** Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)
+
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
−
*** 8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)
+
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
−
*** Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)
+
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
 
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
 
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
−
** Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)
+
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
−
** Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)
+
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
−
** Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)
+
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
−
** The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)
+
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
−
** Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)
+
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
−
** Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)
+
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
−
** The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)
+
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
−
** Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)
+
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
−
** Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)
+
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
−
** Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)
+
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
−
** The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)
+
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
−
* Epilogue (1453–1456)}}
+
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
 
|
 
|
 
|[[Waltharius846|next »]]
 
|[[Waltharius846|next »]]

Latest revision as of 16:29, 25 January 2010

5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)

Tunc a Gunthario clipeum sibi postulat ipsum  Clipeum sibi postulat ipsum: i.e., the right to take the shield of Waltharius after defeating him in combat.

 

 Aeineid 9.267-268.: si vero capere Italiam sceptrisque potirei/ contigerit victori et praedae dicere sortem,/ vidisti, quo Turnus equo, quibus ibat in armis/ aureus; ipsum illum, clipeum cristasque rubentis/ excipiam sorti, iam nunc tua praemia, Nise. ‘But if it is our lot to take Italy, to wield a victor’s sceptre and to assign the spoil, you have seen the horse that Turnus rode and the armour he wore, all gold--that same horse, the shield and the crimson plumes I will set apart from the lot, your reward, Nisus, even now.’

 

 SDDDDS 
Quintus ab inflato Hadawardus pectore lusus.  DSDSDS
Hiatus: inflato Hadawardus 
Qui pergens hastam sociis dimisit habendam,  Aeineid 11.710-711.: tradit equum comiti paribusque resistit in armis/ ense pedes nudo. ‘She hands her horse over to a comrade and confronts him in equal arms, on foot, with naked sword.’ 3.329: Heleno transmisit habendam. ‘He passed me over to Helenus’ keeping.’

 

 SSDSDS 
Audax in solum confisus inaniter ensem.  Aeneid 12.789: hic gladio fidens. . . ‘One trusting to his sword. . .’

 

 SSSDDS 
Et dum conspiceret deiecta cadavera totam 785  SDSDDS 
Conclusisse viam nec equum transire valere,  SDDSDS 
Dissiliens parat ire pedes. stetit acer in armis  Aeneid 10.453-454.: desiluit Turnus biiugis, pedes apparat ire/ comminus. ‘Down from his chariot leapt Turnus; he makes ready to close with the other on foot.’ 7.624: pars pedes ire parat. ‘Some make ready to go on foot.’ 12.938-939.: stetit acer in armis/ Aeneas. ‘Firece in his armour, Aeneas stood still.’

 

 DDDDDS 
Waltharius laudatque virum, qui praebuit aequam  Aeneid 5.419: aequemus pugnas. ‘Let us make the battle even.’

 

 DSDSDS 
Pugnandi sortem. Hadawart tum dixit ad illum:  Aeneid 5.419: aequemus pugnas. ‘Let us make the battle even.’

 

 SSDSDS
Hiatus: sortem Hadawart 
O versute dolis ac fraudis conscie serpens 790  Aeneid 8.393: sensit laeta dolis et formae conscia coniunx. ‘His consort knew it, rejoicing in her wiles and conscious of her beauty.’

 

 SDSSDS 
Occultare artus squamoso tegmine suetus  Georgics 2.153-154.: nec rapit immensos orbis per humum neque tanto/ squameus in spiram tractu se colligit anguis. ‘Nor yet, sweeping huge coils along the ground, does the scaly snake with his vast train wind himself into a spiral.’ Prudentius, Hamartigenia 423: squamosum thoraca gerens de pelle colubri. . . ‘Wearing a scaly breast-plate of snakeskin. . .’

 

 SSSSDS
Elision: occultare artus 
Ac veluti coluber girum collectus in unum  Ovid, Metamorphoses 13.910: conlectus in unum. . . ‘Gathered into one. . .’

 

 DDSSDS 
Tela tot evitas tenui sine vulneris ictu  Ictu equiv. to vestigio. Alternatively, this could be an example of the rare genitivus inhaerentiae, or synonymous genitive (cf. semita callis in line 1198).

 

 DSDDDS 
Atque venenatas ludis sine more sagittas --  Sine more: to be taken either as sine lege (“lawlessly, immoderately, uncontrollably”) or as sine exemplo (“without precedent, remarkably”); evidence for both interpretations can be drawn from the use of the phrase in the Aeneid.

 

 Aeineid 5.694: sine more furit. ‘It rages unrestrained.’

 

 DSSDDS 
Numquid et iste putas astu vitabitur ictus, 795  Aeneid 9.747: at non hoc telum, mea quod vi dextera versat,/ effugies, neque enim is teli nec vulneris auctor. ‘But you will not escape from this weapon that my right arm brandishes; for not such is the wielder of weapon and wound.’

 

 DDSSDS 
Quem propius stantis certo libramine mittit  Aeineid 9.747: at non hoc telum, mea quod vi dextera versat,/ effugies, neque enim is teli nec vulneris auctor. ‘But you will not escape from this weapon that my right arm brandishes; for not such is the wielder of weapon and wound.’

 

 DSSSDS 
Dextra manus? neque enim is teli seu vulneris auctor.  Neque enim is teli seu vulneris auctor: Various possibilities. (1) Is equiv. to the previous, defeated warrior. (2) Hadawart is still speaking of himself in the third-person. Is refers back to propius stantis and is equivalent to talis; again a comparison with his predecessors is made. (3) Is equiv. to Hadawart; the point is that the real auctor is God, i.e., annuit coeptis.

 

 DDSSDS
Elision: neque enim; enim is 
Audi consilium, parmam deponito pictam:  Liber Proverbiorum 19.20: audi consilium. ‘Hear counsel.’

 

 SDSSDS 
Hanc mea sors quaerit, regis quoque sponsio praestat;  DSSDDS 
Nolo quidem laedas, oculis quia complacet istis. 800  Laedas: sc. parmam
Istis equiv. to meis

 

 DSDDDS 
Sin alias, licet et lucem mihi dempseris almam,  Sin alias equiv. to sin aliter res accidit

 

 Aeneid 1.306: lux alma. . . ‘Kindly light. . .’

 

 DDSDDS 
Assunt hic plures socii carnisque propinqui,  SSDSDS 
Qui, quamvis volucrem simules pennasque capessas,  Aeneid 12.891-892.: verte omnis tete in facies et contrahe quidquid/ sive animis sive arte vales; opta ardua pennis/ astra sequi. ‘Change yourself into all shapes, muster all your powers of courage or skill; wing your flight, if you will, to the stars aloft.’

 

 SDDSDS 
Te tamen immunem numquam patientur abire.'  Liber Iudith 12.11: inmunis transeat ab eo. . . ‘So as to pass free of him. . .’

 

 DSSDDS 
Belliger at contra nil territus intulit ista: 805  DSSDDS 
De reliquis taceo, clipeum defendere curo.  Aeineid 12.95-96.: nunc, o numquam frustrata vocatus/ hasta meos, nunc tempus adest. ‘Now, spear that never failed my call, now the hour is come!’

 

 DDDSDS 
Pro meritis, mihi crede, bonis sum debitor illi.  Aeneid 12.95-96.: nunc, o numquam frustrata vocatus/ hasta meos, nunc tempus adest. ‘Now, spear that never failed my call, now the hour is come!’

 

 DDDSDS 
Hostibus iste meis se opponere saepe solebat  Aeineid 5.335: sese opposuit Salio. ‘He threw himself in the way of Salius.’

 

 DDSDDS
Elision: se opponere 
Et pro vulneribus suscepit vulnera nostris.  SDSSDS 
Quam sit oportunus hodie mihi, cernis, et ipse 810  Ipse equiv. to tu

 

 DSDDDS 
Non cum Walthario loquereris forsan, abesset.  Abesset: sc. si clipeus

 

 SDSSDS 
Viribus o summis hostem depellere cures,  Waltharius now addresses his two hands in turn.

 

 Aeneid 5.226: summis adnixus viribus urget. ‘He strives with all his might, pressing hard.’

 

 DSSSDS 
Dextera, ne rapiat tibi propugnacula muri!  Aeneid 9.664: it clamor totis per propugnacula muris. ‘The shout runs from tower to tower, all along the walls.’ Prudentius, Hamartigenia 492: propugnacula muris. . . ‘The defenses of the walls.’

 

 DDDSDS 
Tu clavum umbonis studeas retinere, sinistra,  Clavum umbonis: “the handle/grip of the shield”

 

 DSDDDS 
Atque ebori digitos circumfer glutine fixos! 815  Ebori equiv. to clavo, made of ivory. Locative ablative.
Glutine: “[as if] with glue”

 

 DDSSDS 
Istic ne ponas pondus, quod tanta viarum  SSSSDS 
Portasti spatia, ex Avarum nam sedibus altis!'  Aeneid 2.464-465.: altis/ sedibus. . . ‘From the lofty place. . .’

 

 
Europe500.png
  		 SDDSDS
Elision: spatia ex 
Ille dehinc: 'invitus agis, si sponte recusas.  Invitus…sponte: a paradoxical contrast, i.e., “you’re not doing what you actually want.”

 

 DSDSDS 
Solum parmam, sed equum cum virgine et auro  SSDSDS
Elision: virgine et 
Reddes: tum demum scelerum cruciamina pendes.' 820  SSDDDS 
Haec ait et notum vagina diripit ensem.  Aeneid 10.475: vaginaque cava fulgentem deripit ensem. ‘He plucks his flashing sword from its hollow scabbard.’ 12.759: notumque efflagitat ensem. ‘He clamours for the sword he knows.’

 

 DSSSDS 
Inter se variis terrarum partibus orti  Aeineid 12.707-708.: stupet ipse Latinus/ ingentis, genitos diversis partibus orbis,/ inter se coiisse viros et cernere ferro. ‘Latinus himself is amazed that these mighty men, born in different parts of the world, have met together and are deciding the outcome with the sword.’ 12.713-714.: tum crebros ensibus ictus/ congeminant. ‘Then with the sword they redouble blow on blow.’

 

 SDSSDS 
Concurrunt. stupuit Vosegus haec fulmina et ictus.  Vosegus: the landscape is personified as an observer.

 

 Aeneid 12.707-708.: stupet ipse Latinus/ ingentis, genitos diversis partibus orbis,/ inter se coiisse viros et cernere ferro. ‘Latinus himself is amazed that these mighty men, born in different parts of the world, have met together and are deciding the outcome with the sword.’ 12.713-714.: tum crebros ensibus ictus/ congeminant. ‘Then with the sword they redouble blow on blow.’

 

 
Europe500.png
  		 SDDSDS
Elision: fulmina et 
Olli sublimes animis ac grandibus armis,  Aeneid 12.788-789.: olli sublimes armis animisque refecti,/ hic gladio fidens, hic acer et arduus hasta. . . ‘At full height, in arms and heart renewed, one trusting to his sword, the other fiercely towering with his spear. . .’ 11.291: ambo insignes praestantibus armis . ‘Both were renowned for courage, both eminent in arms.’

 

 SSDSDS 
Hic gladio fidens, hic acer et arduus hasta, 825  Aeneid 12.788-789.: olli sublimes armis animisque refecti,/ hic gladio fidens, hic acer et arduus hasta. . . ‘At full height, in arms and heart renewed, one trusting to his sword, the other fiercely towering with his spear. . .’ 11.291: ambo insignes praestantibus armis . ‘Both were renowned for courage, both eminent in arms.’

 

 DSSDDS 
Inter se multa et valida vi proelia miscent.  Aeneid 12.720: illi inter sese multa vi vulnera miscent. ‘With mighty force they deal mutual wounds.’ Georgics 3.220: illi alternantes multa vi proelia miscent. ‘In alternate onset they join battle with mighty force.’

 

 SSDSDS
Elision: multa et 
Non sic nigra sonat percussa securibus ilex,  Aeineid 6.180: sonat icta securibus ilex. ‘The ilex rings to the stroke of the axe.’ 9.381: silva fuit late dumis atque ilice nigra. ‘The forest spread wide with thickets and dark ilex.’ Eclogue 6.54: ilice sub nigra. . . ‘Under a dark ilex. . .’

 

 SDSSDS 
Ut dant tinnitus galeae clipeique resultant.  Aeneid 9.808-809.: strepit adsiduo cava tempora circum/ tinnitu galea. ‘Round his hollow temples the helmet echoes with ceaseless clash.’

 

 SSDDDS 
Mirantur Franci, quod non lassesceret heros  
Europe500.png
  		 SSSSDS 
Waltharius, cui nulla quies spatiumve dabatur. 830  Aeneid 12.696: spatiumque dedere. ‘They gave him room.’

 

 DSDDDS 
Emicat hic impune putans iam Wormatiensis  Impune equiv. to se sine periculo facturum

 

 Aeineid 12.728-729.: emicit hic impune putans et corpore toto/ alte sublatum consurgit Turnus in ensem/ et ferit. . .at perfidus ensis/ frangitur in medioque ardentem deserit ictu. ‘Turnus springs forward, thinking it safe, he rises full height on his uplifted sword, and strikes. . .But the treacherous sword snaps, and in mid stroke fails its ardent lord.’

 

 
Worms
  		 DSDSDS 
Alte et sublato consurgit fervidus ense,  Aeneid 12.728-729.: emicit hic impune putans et corpore toto/ alte sublatum consurgit Turnus in ensem/ et ferit. . .at perfidus ensis/ frangitur in medioque ardentem deserit ictu. ‘Turnus springs forward, thinking it safe, he rises full height on his uplifted sword, and strikes. . .But the treacherous sword snaps, and in mid stroke fails its ardent lord.’

 

 SSSSDS
Elision: alte et 
Hoc ictu memorans semet finire duellum.  Memorans equiv. to ratus

 

 SDSSDS 
Providus at iuvenis ferientem cuspide adacta  Aeneid 9.431: viribus ensis adactus. . . ‘The sword, driven with force. . .’

 

 DDDSDS
Elision: cuspide adacta 
Intercepit et ignarum dimittere ferrum 835  Ignarum: Hadawart; some take it with ferrum (cf. line 1298).

 

 Aeineid 10.402: medius Rhoeteus intercipit. ‘Rhoeteus intercepts [it] midway.’

 

 SDSSDS 
Cogebat. procul in dumis resplenduit ensis.  Aeneid 12.741: fulva resplendent fragmina harena. ‘The fragments glitter on the yellow sand.’

 

 SDSSDS 
Hic ubi se gladio spoliatum vidit amico,  Aeneid 12.733-734.: fugit ocior Euro/ ut capulum ignotum dextramque aspexit inermem. ‘Swifter than the East Wind he flies, as soon as he sees an unknown hilt in his defenceless hand.’

 

 DDDSDS 
Accelerare fugam fruticesque volebat adire.  Aeneid 12.733-734.: fugit ocior Euro/ ut capulum ignotum dextramque aspexit inermem. ‘Swifter than the East Wind he flies, as soon as he sees an unknown hilt in his defenceless hand.’


Aeneid 9.378: celerare fugam in silvas. ‘They speed their flight to the wood.’  

 DDDDDS 
Alpharides fretus pedibus viridique iuventa  Alpharides: a Greek-style patronymic for Waltharius, whose father is Alphares.

 

 Aeneid 5.430: ille pedum melior motu fretusque iuventa. . . ‘The one nimbler of foot and confident in his youth. . .’ 5.295: Euryalus forma insignis viridique iuventa. . . ‘Euryalus famed for beauty and flower of youth. . .’

 

 DSDDDS 
Insequitur dicens: 'quonam fugis? accipe scutum!' 840  Quonam fugis: perhaps a light touch; cf. Ov. Met. 8.108.

 

 Aeneid 5.430: ille pedum melior motu fretusque iuventa. . . ‘The one nimbler of foot and confident in his youth. . .’ 5.295: Euryalus forma insignis viridique iuventa. . . ‘Euryalus famed for beauty and flower of youth. . .’


Aeneid 10.649: quo fugis, Aenea? thalamos ne desere pactos. ‘Where are you fleeing, Aeneas? Forsake not your plighted marriage.’ 12.359-360.: en agros et quam bello, Troiane, petisti,/ Hesperiam metire iacens. ‘See, Trojan, the fields and that Hesperia that you sought in war: lie there and measure them out!’  

 DSSDDS 
Sic ait atque hastam manibus levat ocius ambis  Aeneid 1.464: sic ait atque. . . ‘So he speaks, and. . .’

 

 DSDDDS
Elision: H-ELISION: atque hastam 
Et ferit. ille cadit, clipeus superintonat ingens.  Aeneid 9.709: clipeum super intonat ingens. ‘The huge shield thunders over him.’

 

 DDDDDS 
Nec tardat iuvenis: pede collum pressit et hasta  Hasta: ablative of means with infixerat in the next line

 

 Aeneid 12.356-357.: pede collo/ impresso dextrae mucronem extorquet et alto/ fulgentem tingit iugulo. ‘Planting his foot on his neck, he wrests the sword from his hand and dyes the glittering blade deep in his throat.’

 

 SDDSDS 
Divellens parmam telluri infixerat illum.  SSSSDS
Elision: telluri infixerat 
Ipse oculos vertens animam sufflavit in auram. 845  Aeneid 8.438: Gorgona desecto vertentem lumina collo. . . ‘The Gorgon herself, with neck severed and eyes revolving. . .’ Ovid, Metamorphoses 6.247: lumina versarunt, animam simul exhalarunt. ‘They moved their dying eyes and together they breathed their last.’

 

 DSDSDS
Elision: ipse oculos 
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