Difference between revisions of "Waltharius1130"

From Waltharius
Jump to: navigation, search
(Created page with '<hr /> {| |« previous |{{Outline| * Prologue * Introduction: the Huns (1–12) * The Huns (13–418) ** The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving H…')
 
 
(4 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 +
===Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)===
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Interea]] [[occiduas]] [[vergebat]] [[Phoebus]] [[in]] [[oras]],
 +
|1130
 +
|{{Commentary|''Signans equiv. to inlustrans''<br />''Ultima per…vestigia equiv. to  ultimis radiis''<br />''Thilen'': A remote northern island, perhaps the Shetland Islands or Iceland. In his arrangement of the line, the poet plays on the ancient name, ''Ultima Thule'', here ''notam'' to Phoebus because of the long hours of sunlight there (as Althof suggests). 
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS|elision=interea occiduas}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Ultima]] [[per]] [[notam]] [[signans]] [[vestigia]] [[Thilen]],
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.317: ''ultima signant. '' ‘They sight the goal.’ ''Georgics ''3.171: ''summo vestigia pulvere signent. '' ‘They print their tracks on the surface of the dust.’ 1.30: ''ultima Thule. . .'' ‘Farthest Thule. . .’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Et]] [[cum2|cum]] [[Scottigenis]] [[post1|post]] [[terga]] [[reliquit]] [[Hiberos]].
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Scottigenis…Hiberos'': peoples whose lands lie south-east of the putative Thule, namely the Scots and the Spaniards, though perhaps ''Hiberos'' equiv. to ''Hibernios'', “the Irish.”
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[hic2|Hic]] [[postquam]] [[oceanas]] [[sensim]] [[calefecerat]] [[undas]],
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|elision=postquam oceanas}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Hesperos]] [[Ausonidis]] [[obvertit]] [[cornua]] [[terris2|terris]],
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Ausonidis…terris equiv. to Italiae''<br />''Obvertit cornua'': properly said of the moon, not the evening star.
 +
}}
 +
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue ''10.77: ''venit Hesperus, ite capellae.'' ‘Get home, my goats, the Evening Star draws on.’ ''Aeneid'' 4.349: ''Ausonia. . .terra. . .'' ‘On Ausonian land. . .’ 3.549: ''cornua velatarum obvertimus antemnarum.'' ‘We point seaward the horns of our sail-clad yards.’ 3.645: ''lunae se cornua lumine complent.'' ‘The moon’s horns are filling with light.’
 +
}}
 +
|{{Pictures|[[Image:Europe500.png|center|thumb]]}}
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Tum]] [[secum1|secum]] [[sapiens]] [[coepit1|coepit]] [[tractare]] [[satelles]],
 +
|1135
 +
|{{Commentary|''Satelles'': a nobleman, i.e., Waltharius.
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Utrum]] [[sub]] [[tuto]] [[per]] [[densa]] [[silentia]] [[castro]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|Lucan, '' De Bello Civili'' 5.508: ''per vasta silentia gressu. . .'' ‘Stepping through the desolate silence. . .’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Sisteret]], [[an1|an]] [[vastis]] [[heremi]] [[committeret]] [[arvis]].
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Heremi'': “of the wilderness.”<br />''Committeret'': sc. ''se''
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Aestuat]] [[immensis1|immensis]] [[curarum]] [[fluctibus]], [[et]] [[quid5|quid]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 8.19: ''cuncta videns magno curarum fluctuat aestu.'' ‘Seeing it all, he tosses on a mighty sea of troubles.’ 4.532: ''magnoque irarum fluctuat aestu.'' ‘She heaves with a mighty tide of passion.’ 4.564: ''irarum concitat aestus.'' ‘She awakens the surge of passion.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Iam]] [[faceret]], [[sollers]] [[arguta]] [[indagine]] [[quaerit]].
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=arguta indagine}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Solus]] [[enim1|enim]] [[Hagano]] [[fuerat suspectus]] [[et]] [[illud]]
 +
|1140
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS|hiatus=enim Hagano}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Oscillum]] [[regis]] [[subter]] [[complexibus]] [[actum]].
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Ambierat]] [[prorsus]], [[quae4|quae]] [[sit]] [[sententia]] [[menti]]
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Ambierat equiv. to ambigebat''
 +
}}
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 11.314-315.: ''quae sit dubiae sententia menti,/ expediam. '' ‘The judgment of my wavering mind I will unfold.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Hostis]] [[et]] [[an]] [[urbem]] [[vellent]] [[remeare]] [[relictam]],
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 11.793: ''patrias remeabo. . .urbes.'' ‘I will return to the cities of my sires.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|falsequantities=an}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Pluribus]] [[ut1|ut]] [[sociis]] [[per]] [[noctem]] [[forte]] [[coactis]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Primo]] [[mane]] [[parent]] [[bellum]] [[recreare]] [[nefandum]]
 +
|1145
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 12.572: ''haec belli summa nefandi.'' ‘This is the sum of the accursed war.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[an1|An]] [[soli1|soli]] [[insidias]] [[facerent]] [[propiusque]] [[laterent]].
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Triviis equiv. to semitis'', governs'' meatus.''
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS|elision=soli insidias}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Terret]] [[ad]] [[haec2|haec]] [[triviis]] [[ignoti]] [[silva]] [[meatus]],
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Ne]] [[loca]] [[fortassis]] [[incurreret]] [[aspera]] [[spinis]],
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 4.526-527.: ''aspera dumis/ rura tenent.'' ‘They dwell in the thorny thickets of the countryside.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|falsequantities=fortassis}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Immo]] [[quippe]] [[feris]], [[sponsamque]] [[amitteret]] [[illis]].
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS|elision=sponsamque amitteret}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[his5|His]] [[ita]] [[provisis]] [[exploratisque]] [[profatur1|profatur]]:
 +
|1150
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[En]] [[quocumque1|quocumque]] [[modo1|modo]] [[res]] [[pergant]], [[hic1|hic]] [[recubabo]],
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 2.709: ''quo res cumque cadent. . .'' ‘However things may fall. . .’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Donec]] [[circuiens]] [[lumen]] [[spera]] [[reddat]] [[amatum]],
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Spera equiv. to sphaera equiv. to sol''
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS|falsequantities=spera}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Ne]] [[patriae]] [[fines]] [[dicat]] [[rex]] [[ille]] [[superbus]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue ''1.3: ''nos patriae finis. . .linquimus.'' ‘We are leaving our country’s bounds.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Evasisse]] [[fuga]] [[furis]] [[de]] [[more]] [[per]] [[umbras]].'
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.693: ''lapsa per umbras. . .'' ‘Gliding through the darkness. . .’ 12.881: ''ire per umbras. . .'' ‘To pass through the shadows. . .’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Dixit]] [[et]] [[ecce]] [[viam]] [[vallo]] [[praemuniit]] [[artam]]
 +
|1155
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Undique]] [[praecisis]] [[spinis]] [[simul]] [[et]] [[paliuris]].
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Eclogue ''5.39: ''spinis surgit paliurus acutis. '' ‘The thistle rises up and the sharp-spiked thorn.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[quo2|Quo]] [[facto]] [[ad]] [[truncos]] [[sese1|sese]] [[convertit]] [[amaro]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|Statius, ''Thebaid ''3.131-132.: ''aptant/ bracchia trunca loco et cervicibus ora reponuunt.'' ‘They replace the severed limbs and set the heads again to their shoulders.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=facto ad}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[cum2|Cum]] [[gemitu]] [[et]] [[cuicumque1|cuicumque]] [[suum1|suum]] [[caput]] [[applicat]] [[atque]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|Statius, ''Thebaid ''3.131-132.: ''aptant/ bracchia trunca loco et cervicibus ora reponuunt.'' ‘They replace the severed limbs and set the heads again to their shoulders.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS|elision=gemitu et}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[contra1|Contra]] [[orientalem]] [[prostratus]] [[corpore]] [[partem]]
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Prostratus'': sc.'' se''
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=contra orientalem}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Ac]] [[nudum]] [[retinens]] [[ensem]] h[[ac]] [[voce]] [[precatur]]:
 +
|1160
 +
|{{Commentary|''Nudum…ensem: ''the custom of swearing by one’s sword is ancient;  here its cruciform shape when held upright makes it appropriate for Waltharius’s prayer.
 +
}}
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 12.175: ''tum pius Aeneas stricto sic ense precatur.'' ‘Then loyal Aeneas, drawing his sword, thus makes prayer.’ 9.548; 11.711: ''ense. . .nudo. . . '' ‘With naked sword. . .’ 9.403; 11.784: ''sic voce precatur.'' ‘Thus he prays aloud.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS|hiatus=ensem hac}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Rerum]] [[factori]], [[sed1|sed]] [[et]] [[omnia]] [[facta2|facta]] [[regenti]],
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[nil1|Nil]] [[sine]] [[permisso]] [[cuius1|cuius]] [[vel]] [[denique]] [[iusso]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Constat]], [[ago]] [[grates]], [[quod3|quod]] [[me1|me]] [[defendit]] [[iniquis]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Hostilis]] [[turmae]] [[telis]] [[nec]] [[non]] [[quoque]] [[probris]].
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Deprecor]] [[at]] [[dominum]] [[contrita]] [[mente]] [[benignum]],
 +
|1165
 +
|{{Commentary|''Contrita'': i.e., ''penitent''
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[ut1|Ut]] [[qui3|qui]] [[peccantes]] [[non]] [[vult]] [[sed1|sed]] [[perdere]] [[culpas]],
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|Translate:'' [Dominus] qui vult perdere non peccantes sed culpas.''
 +
}}
 +
|{{Parallel|''Hiezecihel Propheta'' 33.11: ''nolo mortem impii sed ut revertatur impius a via sua et vivat. '' ‘I desire not the death of the wicked, but that the wicked turn from his way, and live.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Hos]] [[in]] [[caelesti]] [[praestet]] [[mihi]] [[sede]] [[videri]].'
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Hos'': his victims.<br />''Praestet mihi videri equiv. to det ut videam''
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[qui2|Qui]] [[postquam]] [[orandi]] [[finem]] [[dedit]], [[ilico]] [[surgens]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 6.76: ''finem dedit ore loquendi.'' ‘His lips ceased speaking.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS|elision=postquam orandi}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Sex]] [[giravit]] [[equos]] [[et]] [[virgis]] [[rite]] r[[et]]ortis
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Giravit equiv. to in gyrum coegit''<br />''Vinciit equiv. to vinxit''
 +
}}
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.352: ''religatos rite videbat/ . . .equos.'' ‘He saw horses, duly tethered.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Vinciit]]: [[hi]] [[tantum1|tantum]] [[remanebant]], [[nempe]] [[duobus2|duobus]]
 +
|1170
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Per]] [[tela]] [[absumptis]] [[ternos1|ternos]] [[rex]] [[Gunthere]] [[abegit]].
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Ternos equiv. to tres,'' in addition to Gunther’s own horse, thus adding up to twelve.
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS|elision=tela absumptis; Gunthere abegit}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[his4|His]] [[ita]] [[compositis]] [[procinctum]] [[solvit]] [[et]] [[alte]]
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Procinctum equiv. to baltea, cingulum''
 +
}}
 +
|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia'' 606: ''solvite procinctum.'' ‘Doff your armour.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[ingenti2|Ingenti]] [[fumans]] [[leviabat]] [[pondere]] [[corpus]].
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Leviabat pondere corpus: ''“relieved his body of its burden”
 +
}}
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 9.752: ''ingenti concussa est pondere tellus.'' ‘The earth is shaken by the vast weight.’ ''Georgics'' 2.351: ''saxo atque ingentis pondere testae. . .'' ‘With stones and jars of heavy weight. . .’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Tum]] [[maestam]] [[laeto]] [[solans]] [[affamine]] [[sponsam1|sponsam]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Moxque]] [[cibum]] [[capiens]] [[aegros]] [[recreaverat]] [[artus]],
 +
|1175
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 3.511: ''corpora curamus; fessos sopor inrigat artus.'' ‘We refresh our bodies; sleep bedews our weary limbs.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Oppido]] [[enim]] [[lassus]] [[fuerat]], [[clipeoque]] [[recumbens]]
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Oppido equiv. to valde''
 +
}}
 +
|{{Parallel|''Liber Genesis'' 25.30: ''oppido lassus sum''. ‘I am exceeding faint.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS|elision=oppido enim}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Primi]] [[custodem]] [[somni]] [[iubet]] [[esse]] [[puellam]],
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[ipse1|Ipse]] [[matutinam]] [[disponens]] [[tollere]] [[curam]],
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Disponens equiv. to statuens''<br />''Curam'': “watch”
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[quae4|Quae]] [[fuerat]] [[suspecta]] [[magis]], [[tandemque]] [[quievit]].
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Suspecta magis equiv. to periculosior''
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Ad]] [[cuius1|cuius]] [[caput]] [[illa4|illa]] [[sedens]] [[solito1|solito]] [[vigilavit]]
 +
|1180
 +
|{{Commentary|''Solito'': sc.'' more''
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SDDDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Et]] [[dormitantes]] [[cantu]] [[patefecit]] [[ocellos]].
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Ast]] [[ubi1|ubi]] [[vir]] [[primum]] [[iam]] [[expergiscendo]] [[soporem]]
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Expergiscendo equiv. to expergiscens'', cf. note on line 47.
 +
}}
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 7.458: ''olli somnum ingens rumpit pavor. '' ‘A monstrous terror broke his sleep.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=iam expergiscendo}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Ruperat]], [[absque]] [[mora]] [[surgens]] [[dormire]] [[puellam]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Iussit]] [[et]] [[arrepta]] [[se5|se]] [[fulciit]] [[impiger]] [[hasta]].
 +
|
 +
|{{Commentary|''Fulciit equiv. to fulsit''
 +
}}
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 12.398-399.: ''stabat. . .ingentem nixus in hastam/ Aeneas.'' ‘Aeneas stood propped on his mighty spear.’ 9.465-466.: ''arrectis. . .hastis/ praefigunt capita. '' ‘On uplifted spears they affix the heads.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Sic]] [[reliquum]] [[noctis]] [[duxit]], [[modo]] [[quippe]] [[caballos]]
 +
|1185
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 9.166-167.: ''noctem custodia ducit/ insomnem.'' ‘The guards spend the sleepless night.’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Circuit]], [[interdum]] [[auscultans]] [[vallo2|vallo]] [[propiavit]],
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=interdum auscultans}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[[Exoptans]] [[orbi]] [[species]] [[ac]] [[lumina]] [[reddi]].
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 8.170: ''lux cum primum terris se crastina reddet. . .'' ‘When first tomorrow’s dawn revisits earth. . .’
 +
}}
 +
|
 +
|{{Meter|scansion=SSDSDS}}
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|}
 
<hr />
 
<hr />
  
Line 4: Line 521:
 
|[[Waltharius1089|« previous]]
 
|[[Waltharius1089|« previous]]
 
|{{Outline|
 
|{{Outline|
−
* Prologue
+
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
−
* Introduction: the Huns (1–12)
+
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
 
* The Huns (13–418)
 
* The Huns (13–418)
−
** The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)
+
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
−
** The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)
+
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
−
** The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)
+
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
−
** Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)
+
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
−
** Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)
+
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
−
** Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)
+
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
−
** Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)
+
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
−
** Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)
+
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
 
** The Escape (215–418)
 
** The Escape (215–418)
−
*** Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)
+
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
−
*** Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)
+
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
−
*** Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)
+
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
−
*** Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)
+
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
−
*** The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)
+
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
−
*** Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)
+
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
 
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
 
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
 
** Diplomacy (419–639)
 
** Diplomacy (419–639)
−
*** Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)
+
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
−
*** Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)
+
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
−
*** Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)
+
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
−
*** Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)
+
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
−
*** Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)
+
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
−
*** Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)
+
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
−
*** Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)
+
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
−
*** Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)
+
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
 
** Combat (640–1061)
 
** Combat (640–1061)
−
*** 1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)
+
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
−
*** 2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)
+
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
−
*** Gunther encourages his men (720–724)
+
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
−
*** 3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)
+
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
−
*** 4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)
+
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
−
*** 5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)
+
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
−
*** Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)
+
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
−
*** 6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)
+
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
−
*** 7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)
+
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
−
*** Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)
+
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
−
*** 8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)
+
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
−
*** Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)
+
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
 
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
 
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
−
** Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)
+
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
−
** Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)
+
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
 
** '''Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)'''
 
** '''Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)'''
−
** The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)
+
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
−
** Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)
+
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
−
** Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)
+
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
−
** The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)
+
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
−
** Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)
+
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
−
** Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)
+
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
−
** Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)
+
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
−
** The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)
+
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
−
* Epilogue (1453–1456)}}
+
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
 
|
 
|
 
|[[Waltharius1188|next »]]
 
|[[Waltharius1188|next »]]

Latest revision as of 22:47, 28 August 2009

Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)

Interea occiduas vergebat Phoebus in oras, 1130  Signans equiv. to inlustrans
Ultima per…vestigia equiv. to ultimis radiis
Thilen: A remote northern island, perhaps the Shetland Islands or Iceland. In his arrangement of the line, the poet plays on the ancient name, Ultima Thule, here notam to Phoebus because of the long hours of sunlight there (as Althof suggests).

 

 DDSSDS
Elision: interea occiduas 
Ultima per notam signans vestigia Thilen,  Aeineid 5.317: ultima signant. ‘They sight the goal.’ Georgics 3.171: summo vestigia pulvere signent. ‘They print their tracks on the surface of the dust.’ 1.30: ultima Thule. . . ‘Farthest Thule. . .’

 

 DSSSDS 
Et cum Scottigenis post terga reliquit Hiberos.  Scottigenis…Hiberos: peoples whose lands lie south-east of the putative Thule, namely the Scots and the Spaniards, though perhaps Hiberos equiv. to Hibernios, “the Irish.”

 

 
Europe500.png
  		 SDSDDS 
Hic postquam oceanas sensim calefecerat undas,  SDSDDS
Elision: postquam oceanas 
Hesperos Ausonidis obvertit cornua terris,  Ausonidis…terris equiv. to Italiae
Obvertit cornua: properly said of the moon, not the evening star.

 

 Eclogue 10.77: venit Hesperus, ite capellae. ‘Get home, my goats, the Evening Star draws on.’ Aeneid 4.349: Ausonia. . .terra. . . ‘On Ausonian land. . .’ 3.549: cornua velatarum obvertimus antemnarum. ‘We point seaward the horns of our sail-clad yards.’ 3.645: lunae se cornua lumine complent. ‘The moon’s horns are filling with light.’

 

 
Europe500.png
  		 DDSSDS 
Tum secum sapiens coepit tractare satelles, 1135  Satelles: a nobleman, i.e., Waltharius.

 

 SDSSDS 
Utrum sub tuto per densa silentia castro  Lucan, De Bello Civili 5.508: per vasta silentia gressu. . . ‘Stepping through the desolate silence. . .’

 

 SSSDDS 
Sisteret, an vastis heremi committeret arvis.  Heremi: “of the wilderness.”
Committeret: sc. se

 

 DSDSDS 
Aestuat immensis curarum fluctibus, et quid  Aeineid 8.19: cuncta videns magno curarum fluctuat aestu. ‘Seeing it all, he tosses on a mighty sea of troubles.’ 4.532: magnoque irarum fluctuat aestu. ‘She heaves with a mighty tide of passion.’ 4.564: irarum concitat aestus. ‘She awakens the surge of passion.’

 

 DSSSDS 
Iam faceret, sollers arguta indagine quaerit.  DSSSDS
Elision: arguta indagine 
Solus enim Hagano fuerat suspectus et illud 1140  DDDSDS
Hiatus: enim Hagano 
Oscillum regis subter complexibus actum.  SSSSDS 
Ambierat prorsus, quae sit sententia menti  Ambierat equiv. to ambigebat

 

 Aeneid 11.314-315.: quae sit dubiae sententia menti,/ expediam. ‘The judgment of my wavering mind I will unfold.’

 

 DSSSDS 
Hostis et an urbem vellent remeare relictam,  Aeneid 11.793: patrias remeabo. . .urbes. ‘I will return to the cities of my sires.’

 

 DSSDDS
False quantities: an 
Pluribus ut sociis per noctem forte coactis  DDSSDS 
Primo mane parent bellum recreare nefandum 1145  Aeineid 12.572: haec belli summa nefandi. ‘This is the sum of the accursed war.’

 

 SDSDDS 
An soli insidias facerent propiusque laterent.  Triviis equiv. to semitis, governs meatus.

 

 SDDDDS
Elision: soli insidias 
Terret ad haec triviis ignoti silva meatus,  DDSSDS 
Ne loca fortassis incurreret aspera spinis,  Aeneid 4.526-527.: aspera dumis/ rura tenent. ‘They dwell in the thorny thickets of the countryside.’

 

 DSSDDS
False quantities: fortassis 
Immo quippe feris, sponsamque amitteret illis.  SDSSDS
Elision: sponsamque amitteret 
His ita provisis exploratisque profatur: 1150  DSSSDS 
En quocumque modo res pergant, hic recubabo,  Aeneid 2.709: quo res cumque cadent. . . ‘However things may fall. . .’

 

 SDSSDS 
Donec circuiens lumen spera reddat amatum,  Spera equiv. to sphaera equiv. to sol

 

 SDSDDS
False quantities: spera 
Ne patriae fines dicat rex ille superbus  Eclogue 1.3: nos patriae finis. . .linquimus. ‘We are leaving our country’s bounds.’

 

 DSSSDS 
Evasisse fuga furis de more per umbras.'  Aeineid 2.693: lapsa per umbras. . . ‘Gliding through the darkness. . .’ 12.881: ire per umbras. . . ‘To pass through the shadows. . .’

 

 SDSSDS 
Dixit et ecce viam vallo praemuniit artam 1155  DDSSDS 
Undique praecisis spinis simul et paliuris.  Eclogue 5.39: spinis surgit paliurus acutis. ‘The thistle rises up and the sharp-spiked thorn.’

 

 DSSDDS 
Quo facto ad truncos sese convertit amaro  Statius, Thebaid 3.131-132.: aptant/ bracchia trunca loco et cervicibus ora reponuunt. ‘They replace the severed limbs and set the heads again to their shoulders.’

 

 SSSSDS
Elision: facto ad 
Cum gemitu et cuicumque suum caput applicat atque  Statius, Thebaid 3.131-132.: aptant/ bracchia trunca loco et cervicibus ora reponuunt. ‘They replace the severed limbs and set the heads again to their shoulders.’

 

 DSDDDS
Elision: gemitu et 
Contra orientalem prostratus corpore partem  Prostratus: sc. se

 

 DSSSDS
Elision: contra orientalem 
Ac nudum retinens ensem hac voce precatur: 1160  Nudum…ensem: the custom of swearing by one’s sword is ancient; here its cruciform shape when held upright makes it appropriate for Waltharius’s prayer.

 

 Aeineid 12.175: tum pius Aeneas stricto sic ense precatur. ‘Then loyal Aeneas, drawing his sword, thus makes prayer.’ 9.548; 11.711: ense. . .nudo. . . ‘With naked sword. . .’ 9.403; 11.784: sic voce precatur. ‘Thus he prays aloud.’

 

 SDSSDS
Hiatus: ensem hac 
Rerum factori, sed et omnia facta regenti,  SSDDDS 
Nil sine permisso cuius vel denique iusso  DSSSDS 
Constat, ago grates, quod me defendit iniquis  DSSSDS 
Hostilis turmae telis nec non quoque probris.  SSSSDS 
Deprecor at dominum contrita mente benignum, 1165  Contrita: i.e., penitent

 

 DDSSDS 
Ut qui peccantes non vult sed perdere culpas,  Translate: [Dominus] qui vult perdere non peccantes sed culpas.

 

 Hiezecihel Propheta 33.11: nolo mortem impii sed ut revertatur impius a via sua et vivat. ‘I desire not the death of the wicked, but that the wicked turn from his way, and live.’

 

 SSSSDS 
Hos in caelesti praestet mihi sede videri.'  Hos: his victims.
Praestet mihi videri equiv. to det ut videam

 

 SSSDDS 
Qui postquam orandi finem dedit, ilico surgens  Aeneid 6.76: finem dedit ore loquendi. ‘His lips ceased speaking.’

 

 SSSDDS
Elision: postquam orandi 
Sex giravit equos et virgis rite retortis  Giravit equiv. to in gyrum coegit
Vinciit equiv. to vinxit

 

 Aeneid 9.352: religatos rite videbat/ . . .equos. ‘He saw horses, duly tethered.’

 

 SDSSDS 
Vinciit: hi tantum remanebant, nempe duobus 1170  DSDSDS 
Per tela absumptis ternos rex Gunthere abegit.  Ternos equiv. to tres, in addition to Gunther’s own horse, thus adding up to twelve.

 

 SSSSDS
Elision: tela absumptis; Gunthere abegit 
His ita compositis procinctum solvit et alte  Procinctum equiv. to baltea, cingulum

 

 Prudentius, Psychomachia 606: solvite procinctum. ‘Doff your armour.’

 

 DDSSDS 
Ingenti fumans leviabat pondere corpus.  Leviabat pondere corpus: “relieved his body of its burden”

 

 Aeineid 9.752: ingenti concussa est pondere tellus. ‘The earth is shaken by the vast weight.’ Georgics 2.351: saxo atque ingentis pondere testae. . . ‘With stones and jars of heavy weight. . .’

 

 SSDSDS 
Tum maestam laeto solans affamine sponsam  SSSSDS 
Moxque cibum capiens aegros recreaverat artus, 1175  Aeineid 3.511: corpora curamus; fessos sopor inrigat artus. ‘We refresh our bodies; sleep bedews our weary limbs.’

 

 DDSDDS 
Oppido enim lassus fuerat, clipeoque recumbens  Oppido equiv. to valde

 

 Liber Genesis 25.30: oppido lassus sum. ‘I am exceeding faint.’

 

 DSDDDS
Elision: oppido enim 
Primi custodem somni iubet esse puellam,  SSSDDS 
Ipse matutinam disponens tollere curam,  Disponens equiv. to statuens
Curam: “watch”

 

 DSSSDS 
Quae fuerat suspecta magis, tandemque quievit.  Suspecta magis equiv. to periculosior

 

 DSDSDS 
Ad cuius caput illa sedens solito vigilavit 1180  Solito: sc. more

 

 SDDDDS 
Et dormitantes cantu patefecit ocellos.  SSSDDS 
Ast ubi vir primum iam expergiscendo soporem  Expergiscendo equiv. to expergiscens, cf. note on line 47.

 

 Aeneid 7.458: olli somnum ingens rumpit pavor. ‘A monstrous terror broke his sleep.’

 

 DSSSDS
Elision: iam expergiscendo 
Ruperat, absque mora surgens dormire puellam  DDSSDS 
Iussit et arrepta se fulciit impiger hasta.  Fulciit equiv. to fulsit

 

 Aeneid 12.398-399.: stabat. . .ingentem nixus in hastam/ Aeneas. ‘Aeneas stood propped on his mighty spear.’ 9.465-466.: arrectis. . .hastis/ praefigunt capita. ‘On uplifted spears they affix the heads.’

 

 DSSDDS 
Sic reliquum noctis duxit, modo quippe caballos 1185  Aeineid 9.166-167.: noctem custodia ducit/ insomnem. ‘The guards spend the sleepless night.’

 

 DSSDDS 
Circuit, interdum auscultans vallo propiavit,  DSSSDS
Elision: interdum auscultans 
Exoptans orbi species ac lumina reddi.  Aeneid 8.170: lux cum primum terris se crastina reddet. . . ‘When first tomorrow’s dawn revisits earth. . .’

 

 SSDSDS 
« previous   next » English
Retrieved from "https://waltharius.fas.harvard.edu/?title=Waltharius1130&oldid=13181"